Chapter 18 and 19 Questions Review
One person drives 60,000 miles in a car that averages 30 miles per gallon....
20,000
Typical rain in the eastern US has a pH of
4.6
Which of the following represents a positive feedback loop in the Arctic that is associated with anthropogenic climate change
Arctic Ocean ice melts-ocean surface water temperature increases-more ice melts
Which of the following best explains the pattern in NO concentration
NO is produced by rush hour traffic and is quickly oxidized in the atmosphere
If technology that reduces the hydrocarbon concentration had been utilized, which of the following would have been the most likely result
The concentration of O3 would have been lower
Which of the following is true about the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990
They allowed power plants to buy sell SO2 pollution allowances
Increased atmospheric CO2 concentration over the next 50 years is expected to cause which of the following global changes
a significant loss of biodiversity in the tropics
Of the following strategies to reduce acid deposition, the least effective way is probably
adding lime to neutralize acids
What do all volatile organic compounds have in common
all are carbon based
Carbon dioxide and particulates are emitted by volcanoes. Particulates form stratospheric aerosols that reflect sunlight. Which of the following best describes the impact of atmospheric carbon dioxide and stratospheric aerosols
carbon dioxide contributes to global warming and aerosols cause cooling
Catalytic converters reduce which of the following pairs of pollutants in car exhaust
carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons
Which of the following is the most likely route for mercury to enter the food web
coal burning emissions-deposition-ocean-plankton-fishes
Which of the following would most likely reduce the concentration of ground level ozone in the air of a city
decrease in the emissions of nitrogen oxides
Major anthropogenic sources of nitrogen pollution include commercial fertilizers, vehicle exhaust, industrial pollution and
discharge of sewage to surface waters
Water vapor is a greenhouse gas and is produced by burning fossil fuels burning fossil fuels. However, anthropogenic water vapor does not contribute significantly to global warming because water vapor
has a short residence time in the atmosphere
Recent studies have found that fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 um or less can have negative human health effects. Which of the following correctly links a negative human health effect to an anthropogenic source of fine particulate matter
high rates of respiratory disease from power
Which of the following describes a potential human health effect most likely to be associated with a thermal inversion
increase in respiratory irritation due to increased levels of fine airborne particulates
What important phenomenon that often plays a role in air pollution episodes is illustrated in the diagram above
inversion
Stratospheric ozone is responsible for all of the following except
lowering atmospheric water vapor
Sick Building Syndrome is linked to all of the following except
lung cancer
Primary pollutants from burning coal include all of the following except
ozone
Gray air smog comes from suspended particles of
soot
National ambient air quality standards
specify the maximum allowable level, averaged over a specific time period, for a certain outdoor air pollutant
Acid deposition is properly defined as the ______ deposition of ________ pollutants onto earth's surface
wet and dry; secondary
