Chapter 18

What situation is most commonly associated with development of diverticular disease?

Bacterial infection

A side effect of consuming a high-fiber diet is _____.

Flatulence

What negative effects have been shown to be associated with stimulant laxatives?

Fluid and electrolyte imbalances

-To follow a fat-restricted diet, A.R. should ____.

Limit fats and oils to 8 teaspoons per day

Commercial sports drinks are not recommended for the treatment of severe diarrhea because they are too _____.

Low in sodium

-A.R. steatorrhea can be evaluated by placing her on a high-fat diet, performing a 48- to 72-hour stool collection, and ____.

Measuring the stool's fat content

What bulking-forming agent may actually cause an allergic reaction?

Psyllium

Celiac disease affects intestinal tissue and results in _____.

Reduction in mucosal surface area

Foods useful for increasing dietary fiber include _____.

whole wheat bread, dried beans, and nuts

What best describes the protein needs of a patient with chronic pancreatitis?

1.0-1.5 g/kg of body weight per day

Diverticulitis is thought to occur in up to ____ percent of individuals with diverticulosis.

25

With early detection and advances in medical treatment of cystic fibrosis, the median life span for patients with this condition has reached nearly _____ years of age.

40

Generally, up to _____% of the small intestine can be resected without serious nutritional consequences.

50

Bacterial overgrowth in the stomach and small intestine can result in _____.

A deficiency of fat-soluble vitamins

Which food contains the most probiotics?

Acidophilus milk

The initial treatment for acute pancreatitis includes _____.

Administering intravenous hydration

One of the most common causes of acute pancreatitis is _____.

Alcohol abuse

The nurse is planning for the nutritional needs of a patient with acute pancreatitis accompanied by pain and nausea. The nurse understands that initially ____.

All oral fluids and food should be withheld

A patient with bacterial overgrowth in the gastrointestinal tract would most likely be treated with which type of medication?

Antimicrobials

To help control diarrhea, a patient with an ostomy should consume ____.

Applesauce

-In which way would A.R. benefit from using medium-chain triglycerides?

As a primary source of energy

In which ethnic group is lactose intolerance most prevalent?

Asians

Billy consumed the following foods at lunch: A hamburger with lettuce, tomato, and catsup on a bun; broccoli salad, potato chips, and a glass of iced tea. Later that afternoon Billy began to experience intestinal gas. Which food was most likely responsible for the gas production?

Broccoli salad

A patient with an ostomy is concerned about excessive odor from his stoma. He should be advised to avoid what food?

Brussels sprouts

Malabsorption of some minerals, including _____ often occurs because the minerals form soaps with the unabsorbed fatty acids.

Calcium and magnesium

Which condition is most likely associated with fat malabsorption in the gastrointestinal tract?

Celiac disease

Kelly is a 27-year-old Caucasian who works as a bank teller. She is 5'3" tall and weighs 102 pounds. She began experiencing recurrent gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, and flatulence several months ago. She made an appointment with her physician after noticing that she was losing weight. Laboratory tests confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease. Kelly will require nutrition educations aimed at eliminated gluten from her diet. The dietitian will teach Kelly to ____.

Check ingredients lists on food labels carefully

What food would be the best tolerated by a patient suffering from diarrhea?

Chicken

A patient with an ileostomy should be counseled to avoid ____ to best prevent an obstruction at the stoma site.

Coconut

A patient who takes pancreatic enzyme replacements is at risk of what type of gastrointestinal side effects?

Constipation

Sarah is a 21-year-old college student who has been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. She is underweight and has a poor appetite. Realizing that Sarah is at nutritional risk, the nurse advices that Sarah ____.

Consume an oral supplement two to three times a day

Mrs. Hernandez, a 59-year-old female, has been experiencing diarrhea and increased intestinal gas after drinking milk. She is diagnosed with lactose intolerance and subsequently worried about her bone health if she cannot drink milk. The nurse reassures her that she may still be able to tolerate some dairy foods and consume adequate calcium by what means?

Consuming yogurt with live bacterial cultures

Beyond complications associated with lung tissue, the pancreas, and sweat glands in the patient with cystic fibrosis, which complications has also been associated with cystic fibrosis?

Decreased fertility

What beverage would most likely produce intestinal gas?

Diet soda

Patients with celiac disease must avoid foods that contain _____.

Gluten

What foods would have the least detrimental effects when consumed by a patient with steatorrhea

Graham crackers and diet soda

What describes a potential cause of osmotic diarrhea?

High fructose intake

What situation best describes a potential cause of constipation?

Inadequate fluid intake

Much of the research investigating probiotics and intestinal illness has focused on the prevention and treatment of ____.

Infectious diarrhea

Kelly is a 27-year-old Caucasian who works as a bank teller. She is 5'3" tall and weighs 102 pounds. She began experiencing recurrent gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, and flatulence several months ago. She made an appointment with her physician after noticing that she was losing weight. Laboratory tests confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease. If Kelly does not eliminate gluten from her diet, she could likely experience which complication?

Infertility

After intestinal resection, the absorptive efficiency of the intestine is improved through _____.

Intestinal adaptation

Kelly is a 27-year-old Caucasian who works as a bank teller. She is 5'3" tall and weighs 102 pounds. She began experiencing recurrent gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, and flatulence several months ago. She made an appointment with her physician after noticing that she was losing weight. Laboratory tests confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease. Kelly should be instructed to avoid ____ until her intestine has recovered.

Lactose

In cases of mild-to-moderate pancreatitis, the patient should receive what diet order until he is pain free and experiences no nausea or vomiting?

Nothing by mouth

Steatorrhea is classified as a type of ____ diarrhea.

Osmosis

Non-digestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of nonpathogenic bacteria within the large intestine are called ____.

Prebiotics

What food component could be included in a gluten-free diet?

Rice

Which food would the nurse include in a diet plan for a patient with celiac disease?

Scrambled eggs

Kelly is a 27-year-old Caucasian who works as a bank teller. She is 5'3" tall and weighs 102 pounds. She began experiencing recurrent gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, and flatulence several months ago. She made an appointment with her physician after noticing that she was losing weight. Laboratory tests confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease. The gastrointestinal symptoms Kelly is experiencing are due to ____.

Severe damage to the intestinal mucosa and subsequent malabsorption

Kelly is a 27-year-old Caucasian who works as a bank teller. She is 5'3" tall and weighs 102 pounds. She began experiencing recurrent gastrointestinal disturbances such as diarrhea, steatorrhea, and flatulence several months ago. She made an appointment with her physician after noticing that she was losing weight. Laboratory tests confirmed a diagnosis of celiac disease. What does Kelly need to understand about the role of oats in her diet?

She should purchase only uncontaminated oats and consume limited quantities

Most cases of Crohn's disease affect which part of the gastrointestinal tract?

The ileum

To be considered "probiotic," bacteria must meet what criteria?

They must be nonpathogenic when consumed

For which of the following people might heavy probiotics consumption be unsafe?

Tim, who has AIDS

Mr. Taylor seeks medical treatment for frequent, urgent bowel movements streaked with mucus and blood, and tests reveal a large, continuous area of inflammation affecting the first two layers of tissue in his rectum. What is Mr. Taylor's likely diagnosis?

Ulcerative colitis

The absorption of vitamins and minerals begins in the _____.

duodenum/jejunum

Aggressive dietary management of Crohn's disease required in children because this disorder can lead to _____.

impaired glucose tolerance

A person with _____ typically experiences an excessive colonic response to meals, gastrointestinal hormones, and stress.

irritable bowel syndrome

Mrs. Burgess is a 67-year-old female who was recently diagnosed with depression and prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant drug? In addition, she is on medication for high blood pressure and high cholesterol and takes a calcium supplement. She phones her physician's office complaining of problems with constipation. The nurse suspects that the problems may be due to ____.

medications

A potential treatment for irritable bowel syndrome that is still under investigation is use of _____.

peppermint oil