chapter 18 pharmacology

The client taking a CNS stimulant reports insomnia. The best option for the nurse in this case is to do which?

Administer the drug earlier in the day.

The nurse is explaining to a parent of an infant in the NICU why the infant is on caffeine. Which of the following statements would explain the use of caffeine in the NICU?

"Caffeine is a central nervous system stimulant. It is used to decrease respiratory depression in the infant."

A client's medication history includes a long-term prescription for modafinil. Which assessment question should the nurse ask to confirm why the medication was prescribed?

"Have you ever been diagnosed with narcolepsy?"

The nurse is teaching the parents of a child diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder how to administer extended release methylphenidate. What should the nurse teach the parents?

"It's best to give it at breakfast every day."

An adult client, diagnosed with narcolepsy, admits being embarrassed to receive this diagnosis and is adamant that no one find out about it. The nurse should respond to the client by explaining what aspect of the etiology?

"This is the result of neurological factors over which you have no direct control."

The nurse is teaching parents of a pediatric client diagnosed with ADHD. Teaching has been about the disorder and its treatment. The nurse determines that teaching has been effective when the parents state which?

"We need to remember that our son is not a bad kid; he just has difficulty with impulse control and attention."

The nursing student is reviewing information learned in anatomy and physiology class about the nervous system. The student recalls that the nervous system has how many divisions?

2

A pediatric client has been prescribed dextroamphetamine (Adderall) 2.5 mg PO BID. How many mg would this client take each day?

5

A nursing instructor is conducting a class about drugs that affect the central nervous system (CNS). The instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which as a component of the CNS? Select all that apply.

Brain Spinal cord

A nurse is reviewing information about anorexiants. The nurse would expect to find that most of these drugs are classified as which pregnancy category?

Category X

A client has been treated with amphetamines for ADHD. At the age of 16 years, the client is diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. What intervention should be implemented with this client?

Discontinue the amphetamines

The nurse is working in post-op and the client has just come out of surgery. The nurse notes that the clients respiratory rate is 4 breaths per minute. The nurse has a standing order to give doxapram 0.5 mg/kg IV for respiratory depression. What should the nurse do next?

Draw up the medication, have it checked by a second provider, have suction close by, and give the medication.

An obese client returns to the clinic and informs the nurse that she has not lost any weight even though she has been taking a stimulant drug for 6 weeks. What is the most important thing for the nurse to teach the client at this time?

Reinforce prescribed dietary and exercise program for weight loss.

A 22-year-old client comes into the emergency department. He is highly active, and says his heart is pounding. On further questioning, he says he took several pills at a party. What type of medication does the nurse suspect he took at the party?

amphetamine

The client has been prescribed caffeine therapeutically. While educating the client the nurse should make a point to tell the client which?

Nervousness, restlessness, and palpitations may occur when you take caffeine.

The nurse anticipates the need for which substance to be administered to a client before, during, and after administration of a CNS stimulant to treat respiratory depression?

Oxygen

A nurse is administering an anorexiant. The nurse understands that this drug is used primarily for which purpose?

Suppress the appetite

A nurse is teaching the client about CNS medications and how they are addictive. What is primary reason CNS medications are addictive?

The medication stimulates the brain's pleasure centers with enhanced neurotransmission of dopamine.

The nurse is describing to a child diagnosed with ADHD the different parts of her assessment. What are the common parts of an assessment for a child with ADHD prior to being prescribed medications? Select all that apply.

Weight BP Pulse rate Respiratory rate

When a nurse is educating a client taking anorexiants for weight management, which teaching should be included? Select all that apply.

You should not deviate from the prescribed dosage unless your provider instructs you to do so. You may experience some side effects of this medication, including agitation, dizziness, and restlessness.

A high school age client, brought to the emergency department (ED) by friends after taking a "whole handful of dextroamphetamine," is now lapsing in and out of consciousness. The ED nurse should prioritize what assessment related to dextroamphetamine overdose?

cardiac monitoring

A 10-year-old boy is taking dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine) daily for ADHD. At each clinic visit, the nurse must assess the child. The priority assessment since he is on this medication would be which?

height and weight.

A child is prescribed an amphetamine for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which effect provides evidence that the medications are working?

improved grades

A 13-year-old has been prescribed dextroamphetamine for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) since age 10, achieving significant improvements in behavior and mood. When assessing the child during a scheduled follow-up appointment, the nurse should prioritize what physical assessment to monitor for a potential adverse reaction to the therapy?

measurement of height and body weight

The client is admitted to the medical floor with a diagnosis of narcolepsy. The nurse can anticipate the health care provider to order which medication to treat this disorder?

modafinil

What is the central nervous system stimulant of choice to treat narcolepsy?

modafinil

A client has recently been placed on modafinil 200 mg PO qd daily. Modafinil (Provigil) is first-line pharmacologic therapy for:

narcolepsy

A nurse is providing care for a client diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who has been taking methylphenidate for several months. When monitoring for potential adverse effects, the nurse should include what assessments?

sleep patterns

The nurse has learned that there is a high incidence of suicidal ideation in children and adolescents when using which of the following drugs?

strattera

A child was diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and methylphenidate was prescribed for treatment to be taken once a day in a sustained release form. On future visits, what is a priority nursing assessment for this child?

weight and height