Chapter 18 Practice Quiz

Most water soluble hormones must be attached to a transport protein in order to be circulated T or F

F

People under a great amount of chronic stress are no more prone to disease than those who are not T or F

F

T3 and T4 are water soluble and thus cannot diffuse through the plasma bilayer. T or F

F

The adrenal cortex and adrenal medulla both derive from mesoderm. T or F

F

The adrenal medulla has tissue similarities with the parasympathetic ganglia. T or F

F

The general adaptation syndrome (GAS) is primarily regulated by the pituitary gland. T or F

F

Down-regulation makes a target cell less sensitive to a hormone. T or F

T

The male and female gonads are considered reproductive and endocrine organs T or F

T

Which of the following is not a true statement? a) most hormone systems function under a positive feedback system b) secretion of hormones occurs in short bursts c) signals from the nervous system regulate hormone secretion d) chemical changes in the blood may determine concentration of hormone release e) regulation of secretion prevents overproduction of a hormone

a

Which of the following is not true of the prostaglandins? a) decrease pain sensitivity b) promote fever c) derived from arachidonic acid d) alter smooth muscle contraction e) promote fever and alter smooth muscle contraction

a

Which of the following layers of the adrenal cortex is matched correctly? a) zona reticularis - synthesizes dehydroepiandosterone (DHEA) b) zona glomerulosa - synthesizes cortisol c) zona fasciculate - synthesizes aldosterone

a

The flight-or-flight response produces all of the following except: a) increased heart rate and force of contraction b) dilation of vessels to the digestive organs c) increase in blood pressure d) decreased urinary activity e) increased glycogenolysis

b

What is not a function of the parathyroid glands? a) increase formation of vitamin D b) increase the number of osteoclasts c) regulate the level of calcium in the blood d) increase bone resorption e) promote formation of calcitriol

b

Which feature does not apply to the nervous system in comparison to the endocrine system? a) neurotransmitters released locally b) response occurs in seconds or even hours c) affects seen on muscle cells, glands, and neurons d) mediator action is close to site of release e) very brief duration of action

b

Which hormone is not matched correctly with its principal action? a) gastrin - increases stomach movement b) erythropoietin (EPO) - increases white blood cell production c) leptin - suppresses appetite d) atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) - lowers blood pressure e) estrogens - prepare mammary gland to secrete milk

b

Which of the following does not influence the responsiveness of a target cell to a hormone? a) the number of receptors on the target cell b) the temperature of the tissue c) the presence and effects of other hormones d) the concentration of the hormone e) previous exposure to a hormone

b

Which of the following statements is not true about the thyroid gland? a) most of the gland is made up of sacs called thyroid follicles b) the parafollicular cells produce thyroxine c) the lobes are connected by an isthmus d) it is the only endocrine gland that stores hormones in large amounts e) hormones secreted control the basal metabolic rate (BMR)

b

As we age, the decrease of which hormone is associated with the loss of muscle tissue? a) cortisol b) aldosterone c) human growth hormone d) estrogen e) thyroxine

c

Which gland is divided into two distinct functional units? a) thyroid b) pineal c) pituitary d) thalamus e) hypothalamus

c

Which gland or organ is not strictly classified as an endocrine gland? a) thyroid gland b) adrenal gland c) pancreas d) pineal gland e) pituitary gland

c

Which of the following is an effect of the thyroid hormones? a) increases blood cholesterol b) increases carbohydrate synthesis c) increases oxygen consumption d) decreases actions of the epinephrine and norepinephrine e) helps slow down body growth

c

Which of the following is true? a) the hypothalamic hypophyseal tract contains fibers that connect the hypothalamus to the anterior pituitary b) the neurohypophysis synthesizes oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone c) vasopressin increases blood pressure d) the adenohypophysis stores and releases two hormones

c

Which chemical class of hormones is not matched correctly? a) nitric oxide - lipid soluble b) steroids - lipid soluble c) antidiuretic hormone - lipid soluble d) T3 and T4 - water soluble e) catecholamines - water soluble

d

Which of the following is true when describing the permissive effect of a hormone? a) a permissive hormone can cancel out the effect of another hormone b) this means that two hormones have a greater effect than just one c) the hormone can act alone when having an effect on a tissue d) is usually the result of a second hormone's exposure on target cells

d

Which statement is correct regarding the relationship between the hypothalamus and pituitary gland? a) releasing hormones are secreted by the anterior pituitary b) the hypothalamus is 'controlled' by the pituitary gland c) the posterior lobe of the pituitary secretes inhibiting hormones d) the hypothalamus secretes releasing and inhibiting hormones that influence the pituitary gland

d

Which statement is not true of the interplay between PTH and calcitriol? a) calcitriol increases calcium absorption from foods b) PTH increases resorption of bone c) high blood calcium levels increases calcitonin release d) PTH decreases vitamin D levels e) PTH raises blood calcium levels

d

Which of the following statements is true? a) a carbohydrate-rich meal increases insulin secretion b) a protein-rich meal increases glucagon secretion c) a carbohydrate-rich meal decreases glucagon secretion d) exercise will increase glucagon secretion e) all of the statements are true

e