Chapter 18 - Review

Generally speaking, for how long should warm or cold applications be applied (LO 6)?

20 minutes.

List four functions of the Integumentary System (LO 2).

Functions are: Protect internal organs from injury Protect body against bacteria and other pathogens Prevent loss of too much water Regulate body temperature Respond to heat, cold, pain, pressure and touch Excrete waste products in sweat Help with production of Vitamin D

How often should a resident change positions when he is in a wheelchair in order to help prevent pressure Ulcers (LO 5)?

He should be re-position every 30 minutes.

Under what circumstances are Non-Sterile Dressing usually used? When are Sterile Dressing used (LO 7)?

Non-Sterile Dressing; applied to dry wounds that have less chance of infection. Sterile Dressing; required when the would is new; open, or training; also if there is a higher risk of infection.

How is Scabies usually transmitted (LO 4)?

Scabies is contagious and is usually transmitted by direct person to person contact.

Briefly describe the damage and/or symptoms caused by First-, Second-, and Third- Degree Burns (LO 4). First Degree-Superficial; epidermis-outer layer, Redness and pain.

Second Degree- Partial thickness; Dermis-deeper layer, Some skin damage, redness, pain, swelling and blistering. Third Degree- Full-thickness, Epidermis, dermis, and underlying tissue, Serious scarring; muscle and bone may be affected; white or charred skin; pain; swelling; and peeling skin.

List eight Normal Age-Related changes of the Integumentary System (LO 3). Amount of fat and collagen decreases, causing skin to sag. Elastic fibers lose elasticity, causing wrinkles. Hair and nail growth slows. Skin becomes dries due to decreased production of perspiration and oil.

Skin become thinner anymore fragile, causing injury, tearing and infections. Protective fatty tissue layer thins, co person feels colder. Hair thins, turns gray, die to decrease melanocyte activity. Brown spots on skin appear due to increase in production of melanocytes in areas exposed to sun.

Multiple Choice. What happens when skin first begins to break down (LO 5 )?

The skin becomes discolored.