Chapter 18 Review

Sunlight, availability of water, and soil composition are all *____* factors that affect the distribution of organisms.

*abiotic*

We are on a coastal hillside on a hot, dry summer day among evergreen shrubs that are adapted to fire. We are most likely standing in a *____* biome.

*chaparral*

The formation of goose bumps on your skin in cold weather is an example of a(n) *____* response, while seasonal migration is an example of a(n) *____* response.

*physiological* and *behavioral*

Which of the following sea creatures might be described as a pelagic animal of the aphotic zone?

--A deep-sea squid

In North America, prairies and deciduous forests have growing seasons of similar length and temperature. Which major factor determines whether a region develops into a prairie or a deciduous forest?

--Amount of rain

What is the greenhouse effect? How is the greenhouse effect related to global warming? --How the greenhouse effect is related to global warming

--As CO2 concentration increases, more heat is retained, causing global warming.

What is the greenhouse effect? How is the greenhouse effect related to global warming? --What the greenhouse effect is

--Carbon dioxide and other gases in the atmosphere absorb heat energy radiating from Earth and reflect it back.

What is true about aquatic environments? (select all that apply)

--Most producers are microscopic. --Light is a limiting factor.

What populations of organisms are most likely to survive climate change via evolutionary adaptation?

--Populations that have high genetic variability, short life spans, and do not live in extreme temperatures (high/fast reproduction rate)

Which of the following biomes does not occur in the United States?

--Savanna

Which of the following statements is/are true about desert animals?

--They are adapted to life with little water. --They are mostly active during the night.

What is true about abiotic factors?

--Wind can change the structure and form of plants.

What human activity is responsible for the greatest amount of deforestation?

--agriculture

Name several abiotic factors that might affect the community of organisms living inside a home fish tank.

--light, water, temperature, chemicals added

Place these levels of ecological study in order, from least to most comprehensive: community ecology, ecosystem ecology, organismal ecology, population ecology.

--organismal ecology, population ecology, community ecology, and ecosystem ecology.

What three abiotic factors account for the rarity of trees in arctic tundra?

--permafrost, very cold winters, and high winds

The recent increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration is mainly a result of an increase in

--the burning of fossil fuels and wood

Identify the following biomes on the climograph below: tundra, coniferous forest, desert, grassland, temperate broadleaf forest, and tropical rain forest. (See climograph on "Honors Biology Chapter 18 Review" Worksheet). a. b. c. d. e. f.

a. desert b. grasslands c. tropical rain forest d. temperate broadleaf forest e. coniferous forest (taiga) f. tundra