Chapter 18 Sports Med Test Reveiw

Scapula

A

Clavicle

B

Sternoclavicular Joint

C

Which three bones comprise the shoulder joint?

Clavicle Scapula Humerus

Which test is used for glenohumeral joint instability?

Crank Test

Scapulothoracic Articulation

D

What mechanism of injury is associated with the rotator cuff strain?

Dynamic rotation if he arm at a high velocity.

Humerus

E

Acromion

F

What is the common mechanism for an acute injury to the upper extremity?

Falling on extended/ over extended arm.

What signs and symptoms will be present in an anterior glenohumeral dislocation?

Flattened deltoid, prominent numeral head in axilla; arm carried in slight abduction and external rotation; moderate pain and disability.

Acromioclavicular Joint

G

Describe the signs associated with grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 AC joint sprains.

Grade 1: point tenderness and pain with movement; no disruption of AC joint Grade 2: year or rupture of AC ligament, partial displacement of lateral end of clavicle, pain, point tenderness and deceased ROM Grade 3: Rupture of AC and CC ligaments with dislocation of clavicle; gross deformity, pain, loss of functioning instability

What is the most common glenohumeral joint dislocation? How does it occur?

Head of humerus is forced out of joint capsule in anterior direction past the glenoid labrum and then downward to under the coracoid process. Result of an anterior force on shoulder, forced abduction, and extension and external rotation.

What is the immediate care for an acromioclavicular sprain?

Ice, stabilization, referral to physician

What is the cause of shoulder impingement syndrome?

Mechanical compression of supraspinatus tendon, subacromial bursa, and long head of biceps tendon due to decreased space under coracoaromial arch

How is impingement managed conservatively?

Neer's test and Hawkins-Kennedy test to asses soft tissue structures Restore normal biomechanics Strengthening of rotator cuff, scapula stabilizing muscles Stretching posterior and inferior joint capsule Modify activity

List the signs and symptoms of shoulder bursitis

Pain with motion and tenderness during palpation in subacromial space Positive impingement tests

How can you prevent shoulder injuries?

Proper physical conditioning is key Develop body and specific regions relative to sport Strengthen through full ROM Warm Up Proper instruction on falling Protective equipment Mechanics versus overuse injuries

List the four main articulation a of the shoulder complex.

Sternoclavicular Acromioclavicular Glenohumeral Scapulothoracic

List the four muscles of the rotator cuff and their functions.

Subscapularis- inwards Supraspinatus- abducts Infraspinatus- external Teres minor- external Provides dynamic stability to shoulder complex

What are the signs and symptoms of a fractured clavicle?

Supporting of the arm, head tilted towards injured side which chin turned away Clavicle appear lower Palpating reveals pain, swelling, deformity and point tenderness.

What are the phases of throwing?

Windup Cocking Acceleration Deceleration Follow Through