Chapter 19

Which of the following bacterial pathogens is an intracellular parasite? A) Bartonella henselae B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa C) Clostridium perfringens D) Propionibacterium acnes E) Bacillus anthracis

A) Bartonella henselae

Ultraviolet illumination is the quickest way to diagnose infections of which of the following? A) Malassezia furfur B) Piedraia hortae C) Pseudallescheria D) Sarcoptes scabiei E) Leishmania sp.

A) Malassezia furfur

Petechiae are subcutaneous hemorrhages associated with which of the following? A) RMSF B) anthrax C) smallpox D) necrotizing fasciitis E) herpes gladiatorum

A) RMSF

A small puncture wound on a woman's arm has become swollen, hot to the touch, and intensely painful. There is tissue necrosis, but it is not "gassy," and under the microscope Gram-positive cocci in chains are present. Which of the following microbes is likely to be responsible? A) Streptococcus pyogenes B) Staphylococcus aureus C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa D) Clostridium perfringens E) Sporothrix schenckii

A) Streptococcus pyogenes

The common name for a furuncle is A) a boil. B) a sty. C) a wart. D) acne. E) a rash.

A) a boil.

"Ringworm" is caused by A) dermatophytes growing in the upper dead tissue layers of the skin. B) dermatophytes that have invaded deep layers of the skin. C) parasitic worms that infect the skin. D) a hypersensitivity reaction caused by superficial contact with dermatophytes. E) immunosuppression due to HIV infection.

A) dermatophytes growing in the upper dead tissue layers of the skin.

A pigment produced by an opportunistic pathogen that contributes to tissue damage is A) pyocyanin. B) streptokinase. C) M protein. D) lipase. E) hyaluronidase.

A) pyocyanin.

Which of the following is becoming rarer as a result of childhood vaccinations? A) subacute sclerosing panencephalitis B) roseola C) warts D) neonatal herpes E) impetigo

A) subacute sclerosing panencephalitis

Anthrax derives its name from which of the following aspects of the disease? A) the appearance of eschars on the skin B) the shape of its endospores C) the microscopic appearance of its cells D) the shape of B. anthracis colonies on agar E) the necessity of burning animals killed by the disease

A) the appearance of eschars on the skin

Which of the following forms of leishmaniasis is typically fatal? A) visceral B) mucocutaneous C) cutaneous D) Both Cutaneous and mucocutaneous are frequently fatal. E) Visceral, mucocutaneous, and cutaneous are all potentially fatal.

A) visceral

The rash described as "teardrops on rose petals" is characteristic of A) anthrax. B) chickenpox. C) herpes. D) smallpox. E) warts.

B) chickenpox.

What is the pathogenic process underlying Rocky Mountain spotted fever? A) cellular damage via potent exotoxins B) damage to blood vessels C) stimulation of a strong immune response D) interference with host cell metabolism E) formation of biofilms in host tissues

B) damage to blood vessels

Which of the following is an INCORRECT pairing? A) measles : rubeola B) herpes zoster : genital warts C) German measles : rubella D) HHV-6 : roseola E) variola : smallpox

B) herpes zoster : genital warts

Some strains of Papillomavirus are oncogenic due to their ability to A) lie dormant in cells for years. B) integrate into the host cell DNA. C) escape the phagosome before lysosome fusion. D) produce deoxyribonucleases. E) cause extensive damage to blood vessels.

B) integrate into the host cell DNA.

Clostridium perfringens is a strict anaerobe that is a common environmental contaminant and consequently of wounds due to its ability to A) produce hyaluronidase. B) produce endospores. C) form biofilms. D) invade cells. E) grow in an insect vector.

B) produce endospores.

An infection of a hair follicle at the base of an eyelid is called a A) pimple. B) sty. C) furuncle. D) carbuncle. E) macule.

B) sty.

A child complains of intensely itchy "pimples" on the hands and wrists. The lesions are small inflamed streaks, but do not appear to contain pus. The child's condition may be the result of infection with A) Staphylococcus epidermidis. B) Sporothrix schenkii. C) Sarcoptes scabiei. D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. E) Clostridium perfringens.

C) Sarcoptes scabiei.

A specific wavelength of blue light can be used to treat A) swimmer's ear. B) RMSF. C) acne. D) cat scratch disease. E) bacteremia.

C) acne.

Transovarian transmission is a process by which A) a pathogen infects the ovaries of its host. B) a pathogen is transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated eggs. C) an infected female vector transmits a pathogen to the eggs in its ovaries. D) a pathogen is transmitted from an infected male to a healthy female during mating. E) a pathogen is spread from host to host by unprotected sexual intercourse.

C) an infected female vector transmits a pathogen to the eggs in its ovaries.

Virulent strains of Staphylococcus aureus can resist penicillin because they produce A) a slime layer. B) coagulase. C) beta-lactamase. D) staphylokinase. E) lipase.

C) beta-lactamase.

A man is suffering severe foot pain in the area of what looks like a large wart. He reports he has had the wart for some time, and the pain and swelling have developed slowly. A sample from the lesion shows that the pus contains large cells that stain a golden brown color. The man is likely suffering from A) sporotrichosis. B) necrotizing fasciitis. C) chromoblasomycosis. D) mycetoma. E) phaeohyphomycosis.

C) chromoblasomycosis.

A child has a rash on the face, arms, upper legs and torso that is splotchy, and intensifies after being in the sun. The child does not complain of fever or itchiness. The signs and symptoms are consistent with A) chickenpox. B) roseola. C) fifth disease. D) cat scratch disease. E) scabies.

C) fifth disease.

Smallpox was the first human disease to be A) analyzed and studied on the genetic level. B) treated with antiviral drugs. C) globally eradicated. D) identified as a viral disease. E) re-created in an experimental animal.

C) globally eradicated.

Common skin warts are the result of infection with A) poxviruses. B) herpesviruses. C) papillomaviruses. D) moriliviruses. E) coxsackieviruses.

C) papillomaviruses.

The resistance of Pseudomonas to a wide variety of antimicrobial drugs is due, in part, to its A) production of exoenzyme S. B) production of pyocyanin. C) ability to utilize a wide range of carbon and nitrogen sources. D) ability to grow in almost any moist environment. E) ability to pump drugs out of the cell.

E) ability to pump drugs out of the cell.

Necrotizing fasciitis is caused by A) Staphylococcus aureus. B) Streptococcus pyogenes. C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. D) Rickettsia rickettsii. E) both Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus.

E) both Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus.

Shingles, or herpes zoster, is caused by the same virus that causes A) smallpox. B) German measles. C) measles. D) whitlows. E) chickenpox.

E) chickenpox.

Which of the following is a complication that may result from a Streptococcus pyogenes skin infection? A) a carbuncle B) a sty C) shingles D) scalded skin syndrome E) erysipelas

E) erysipelas

Erythema infectiosum is also known as A) roseola. B) herpangina. C) three-day measles. D) rubeola. E) fifth disease.

E) fifth disease.

One feature that differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from other staphylococci is its A) slime layer production. B) coagulase production. C) beta-lactamase production. D) production of both a slime layer and coagulase. E) production of both coagulase and beta-lactamase.

E) production of both coagulase and beta-lactamase.

Which of the following is/are anti-phagocytic? A) protein A B) M protein C) leukocidin D) both protein A and M protein E) protein A, M protein, and leukocidin

E) protein A, M protein, and leukocidin

Sporotrichosis is more commonly known as A) scabies. B) ringworm. C) white piedra. D) herpangina. E) rose-gardener's disease.

E) rose-gardener's disease.

Which of the following can cause birth defects? A) chickenpox B) measles C) roseola D) smallpox E) rubella

E) rubella

The skin is an effective barrier against invading microbes because A) the outer layers of cells are dead. B) the surface is covered in salt. C) it is well supplied with blood vessels to flush microbes from the surface. D) no microbes are able to survive on the surface. E) the outer layers are dead and covered in salt.

E) the outer layers are dead and covered in salt.

Because they are common soil saprobes, dermatophytes are fungi that are not contagious in humans. True or False

False

Chromoblastomycosis is rarely a severe disease and can be treated easily with appropriate drugs. True or False

False

Clostridium perfringens causes necrotizing fasciitis. True or False

False

Humans are the only hosts of Rickettsia rickettsii. True or False

False

In pregnant women, roseola infection can result in teratogenic birth defects. True or False

False

Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, also known as kala-azar, is fatal in 100% of untreated cases. True or False

False

Herpesvirus infections can be controlled with chemotherapeutic agents. True or False

True

M protein is a virulence factor associated with group A streptococci. True or False

True

Pityriasis' characteristic appearance is the result of a fungal infection causing changes in the production of melanin. True or False

True

Smallpox vaccination was originally discontinued in the 1980s because of adverse effects of the vaccine. True or False

True

Cat scratch disease is caused by A) Rickettsia rickettsii. B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. C) Streptococcus pyogenes. D) Bartonella henselae. E) Staphylococcus aureus.

D) Bartonella henselae.

"Pox" is a term synonymous with which of the following? A) a macule B) a papule C) a vesicle D) a pustule E) a whitlow

D) a pustule

Impetigo can be caused by A) Staphylococcus aureus. B) Staphylococcus epidermidis. C) Streptococcus pyogenes. D) both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. E) both Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pyogenes.

D) both Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus progenies.

Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is caused by A) coagulase. B) lipase. C) beta-lactamase. D) exfoliative toxins. E) staphylokinase.

D) exfoliative toxins.

Acyclovir is a chemotherapeutic agent used to treat A) smallpox. B) anthrax. C) acne. D) herpes. E) measles.

D) herpes.

A sample from an abscess is stained and examined under the microscope. A Gram stain appears uniformly pink, but a GMS (Gomori methenamine silver) stain reveals brownish filaments in the sample. These findings suggest A) necrotizing fasciitis. B) sporotrichosis. C) leishmaniasis. D) phaeohyphomycosis. E) dermatophytosis.

D) phaeohyphomycosis.

Normal skin microbiota are able to grow on the skin because of their resistance to A) sebum. B) salt. C) keratin. D) sebum and salt. E) sebum, salt, and keratin.

D) sebum and salt.