chapter 19 KAAP

If a person has a blood pressure of 120/90, his mean arterial pressure would be ________ mm Hg.

100

Arrange the structures in the following list in the order that blood will encounter as it flows from the heart back to the heart in the cardiovascular circuit. 1. venules 2. arterioles 3. capillaries 4. elastic arteries 5. medium veins 6. large veins 7. muscular arteries

4, 7, 2, 3, 1, 5, 6

Which of the following statements is false concerning the movement of fluid between capillaries and interstitial space?

The net filtration pressure is usually zero.

Why are valves located in veins but not in arteries? (Module 19.4A)

Valves are located in veins to prevent blood from flowing backward because venous pressure is too low to keep the blood moving back toward the heart.

________ is the regulation of blood flow by local mechanisms within a capillary bed.

autoregulation

The vascular pressure that declines from roughly 35 mm Hg to about 18 mm Hg is the

capillary hydrostatic pressure.

Chemoreceptor reflexes respond to

carbon dioxide, oxygen and pH

Identify the two types of capillaries with a complete endothelium. (Module 19.3A)

continuous capillaries and fenestrated capillaries

Compared to arteries, veins

have thinner walls

The earliest precursor cells that give rise to blood cells are

hemangioblasts

Each of the following will cause an increase in blood pressure except

increased levels of ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide).

Sensory neurons that are part of the chemoreceptor reflexes are found in all of the following except the

lungs

The brachial and femoral arteries are examples of which type of artery?

muscular

Venoconstriction ________ the amount of blood within the venous system, which ________ the volume in the arterial and capillary systems.

reduces; increases

Which chamber of the heart receives blood from the systemic circuit? (Module 19.1C)

right atrium

Which layer of a blood vessel contains concentric sheets of smooth muscle tissue?

tunica media

Why is it beneficial for capillary pressure to be very low? (Module 19.5C)

It is beneficial for capillary pressure to be low to allow time for diffusion between the blood and the surrounding interstitial fluid.

In which of the following would the blood flow be highest?

a vessel 1.0 cm in diameter and 2 meters long

Which of the following would have the greater effect on vascular resistance?

decreasing the diameter of a blood vessel by 1/2

If blood pressure doubled, the blood flow through a vessel would be

doubled