Chapter 19 Practice Quiz

Which of the following age groups is generally believed by demographers to be the years between which women are fertile? a. 15 to 49 b. 18 to 29 c. 17 to 35 d. 16 to 40

15 to 49

Birth rates were especially high in the United States between which of the following years? a. 1955 and 1964 b. 1975 and 1984 c. 1915 and 1924 d. 1930 and 1938

1955 and 1964

Massive numbers of people need Social Security until which of the following years? a. 2050 b. 2060 c. 2075 d. 2025

2025

The current United States population is approximately _______.

315 million

The current world population is approximately ________.

7 billion

The size of the population will probably NOT change if which of the following occurs? a. An increase or decrease in the death rate b. Migration c. A decrease in educational requirements d. An increase or decrease in the birth rate

A decrease in educational requirements

All EXCEPT which of the following are affected by population trends? a. Banking trends b. Government policies c. Clothing styles and fashions d. Housing costs

Banking trends

As societies abandon traditional ways and become more modern, which of the following happens? a. Birth rates decrease and death rates increase. b. Birth rates increase and death rates decrease. c. Birth and death rates increase. d. Birth and death rates decrease .

Birth and death rates decrease .

Which racial group has a greater number of poor, higher rates of infant mortality, and shorter life expectancies than White Americans?

Blacks

Cash crops are best defined as which of the following? a. Crops used by farmers b. All nonfood crops c. Crops sold for profit d. Crops used locally

Crops sold for profit

Which of the following has caused the world population explosion? a. Births have decreased. b. Deaths have increased. c. Deaths have decreased. d. Births have increased.

Deaths have decreased

What is NOT a reason for starvation in the world? a. Overpopulation in some areas plays a role. b. The United States has encouraged underdeveloped nations to grow non-food crops. c. Developed nations withhold food. d. Intensive farming has caused the land to deteriorate rapidly.

Developed nations withhold food.

In which of the following geographical locations is population density greatest? a. China b. The United States c. Europe d. Africa

Europe

All EXCEPT which of the following could be a potential problem for poor nations if birth rates were lowered? a. Families would be put in jail. b. Parents would be deprived of security in their old age. c. Families would be deprived of extra hands to support them. d. The use of unsafe contraceptives would be encouraged.

Families would be put in jail.

What is true about acid rain? a. It kills wildlife and fish. b. It is being reduced by increased timber farming. c. It is beneficial to modern water treatment facilities. d. It has not yet proven to be harmful.

It kills wildlife and fish.

What did some people believe during the Great Depression in the 1930s?

It was important to postpone having kids until they could afford to.

The United States contains most illegal immigrants originally from ______.

Latin America

What does Malthusian theory state?

Population increases geometrically.

Demography studies which of the following types of statistics? a. Educational statistics b. Economic statistics c. Healthcare statistics d. Population statistics

Population statistics

Thomas Malthus's theory of population argued for which of the following? a. Population would increase much more rapidly than the food supply. b. Starvation is caused by inequality and not a shortage of food. c. The species would die out as the birth rate fell. d. Increasing population would spur rapid development to solve problems.

Population would increase much more rapidly than the food supply.

Disputes over which of the following leads to world conflict related to population problems? a. Political power over potential armies of people b. Political ideologies between different populations c. Immigration and naturalization d. Scarce natural resources for existing populations

Scarce natural resources for existing populations

According to Karl Marx, which of the following will occur? a. The population will increase much more rapidly than the food supply. b. Starvation is caused by inequality and not a shortage of food. c. The species will die out as the birth rate falls. d. Increase in population will spur rapid development to solve problems.

Starvation is caused by inequality and not a shortage of food.

All EXCEPT which of the following statements about the census are correct? a. Smaller censuses are made yearly, and large ones are made every 10 years. b. Census data is collected through questionnaires and in person interviews. c. It is often criticized for underreporting the population. d. The first U.S census was completed in 1870.

The first U.S census was completed in 1870.

Which of the following is the term Harter gave the generation following the 1920s baby boom? a. The hard times cohort b. The big wave generation c. The young Turk generation d. The good times cohort

The good times cohort

Which of the following is defined as the effect of an imbalance between the number of males and females in the prime marriage ages? a. The age-sex composition b. The marriage squeeze c. The demographic transition d. The fecundity rate

The marriage squeeze

Which of the following best defines fecundity? a. The number of children a woman is capable of having b. The number of children a woman actually has c. The number of children a woman is forced to have d. The number of children a woman expects to have

The number of children a woman is capable of having

Which of the following is true about Europeans that migrated to the United States at the turn of the twentieth century? a. It is difficult to say because they all migrated illegally. b. There were hundreds c. There were thousands d. There were millions

There were millions

The number of men and women in the population along with their ages is called _____.

age-sex composition

An official count of the number of people in a given area is called _____.

census

A change from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a society transitions to a modern industrial state is called _____.

demographic transition

A push factor in migration includes which of the following? a. Migration of all kinds b. Famine c. Immigration d. Emigration

emigration

What is movement out of an area called?

emigration

A population with many women in their 20s and 30s will have about the same fertility rate as the same size population with many older women in it. T/F

false

Acid rain is being reduced by increased timber farming. T/F

false

Americans born between 1975 and 1979 can be considered a hard time cohort. T/F

false

Deaths, mortality, and morbidity are the three ways population size can change. T/F

false

Demography studies economic statistics. T/F

false

Fertility is a study of population and how it changes. T/F

false

Most illegal immigrants in the United States are from Europe. T/F

false

Population density is greatest in Asia. T/F

false

The United Nations has encouraged developing world nations to grow cash crops, especially nonfood items, by lending them money to plant such crops. T/F

false

The Unites States population growth rate is larger than that of the vast majority of countries. T/F

false

The number of children born is related to psychological disorders. T/F

false

Zero population growth is maintained by recommending that parents have fewer than five children. T/F

false

A measure of the rate at which people are being born is called _____.

fertility

Which of the following is measured by the crude birth rate? a. Fertility b. Migration c. Mortality d. Age-sex composition

fertility

Wealthy people tend to have _____ children than poor people.

fewer

The number of children born is NOT related to which of the following? a. Government laws b. The environment c. Social norms d. The wealth of a society

government laws

What is movement into an area called?

immigration

Which of the following is true about the United States population growth rate? a. It is more than zero. b. It is about zero, but increasing rapidly. c. It is larger than that of the vast majority of countries. d. It is less than zero

it is less than zero

A pull factor in migration includes which of the following? a. Bad climate b. War c. Famine d. Jobs

jobs

Changes in the size of a population is NOT caused by _____.

marriage

The movement of people into or out of an area is called _____.

migration

Vital statistics do NOT include _______.

migration

The number of Africans forcibly moved to the United States in the early years of the republic was in the _____.

millions

The rate at which people are dying is measured by _______.

mortality

Countries that have fewer births generally are _____.

richer

The country that does NOT have one of the longest life expectancy is _____. a. the United States b. Andorra c. China d. Japan

the United States

A census usually records the age and sex of a population. T/F

true

Cash crops are only sold for money. T/F

true

Demographers generally assume women are fertile from age 15 to 49. T/F

true

Fecundity is the number of children a woman is capable of having. T/F

true

Fecundity rates are based on women aged 15 to 49. T/F

true

Malthus believed that population increases geometrically. T/F

true

One argument for why there is starvation in the world is because of American multinational corporations that encourage farmers in developing countries to produce cash crops not food crops. T/F

true

Pull factors for migration includes employment. T/F

true

Records of births, marriages, deaths, and causes of deaths is called vital statistics. T/F

true

Social class has little impact on life expectancies. T/F

true

World population has increased enormously in the past 200 years because of the decrease in the number of deaths. T/F

true

To reach zero population growth, parents have _____.

two children

Like fertility, what causes a variance in mortality?

wealth