Chapter 19 - Quiz
b.
Acid deposition has impacted: a. Adirondacks of New York State b. all of these choices are correct c. tree health in the Appalachian Mountains d. the Washington Monument in Washington, D.C. e. the Black Forest of southwestern Germany
b.
Air pollution has been linked to all of the following human health problems except: a. inflammation of the respiratory tract b. increased susceptibility to West Nile c. potential development of emphysema and chronic bronchitis d. impaired reflexes and increased drowsiness e. suppression of the immune system
c.
Air pollution is a greater health threat to children than adults because: a. children need more oxygen than adults b. children's lungs are still developing c. all of these choices are correct d. children have a higher metabolic rate than adults e. children breathe more air per pound of body weight than adults
d.
Chlorofluorocarbons such as CFC-12 are released into the atmosphere by: a. smoke stacks b. car exhaust c. pesticides d. leaking air conditioners and old refrigerators. e. nuclear power plants
e.
Electrostatic precipitators, and scrubbers in smokestacks, are used primarily to remove which air pollutant? a. particulate matter b. oxygen c. ozone d. carbon dioxide e. sulfur dioxide
a.
Forest decline can be caused by all of the following EXCEPT: a. radon b. ozone c. insects d. lead e. acid deposition
d.
Harm to humans from radon is greatest: a. in cities b. in high-rise office buildings c. outdoors d. in well-insulated homes e. near nuclear power plants
e.
In the absence of air pollution control devices, which of the following is the most significant source of sulfur dioxide? a. fertilizers b. refrigeration and air conditioning c. fire retardants d. motor vehicles e. coal-burning power plants
d.
Lead in the atmosphere has decreased significantly since the 1970s primarily due to: a. the invention of the catalytic converter b. new CAFE standards for automobiles c. increased use of scrubbers in coal-fired power plants d. replacing leaded gasoline with unleaded gasoline e. the phasing out of leaded paint in buildings
c.
The difference between primary and secondary air pollutants is that primary air pollutants: a. only affect plants, while secondary pollutants affect plants and animals b. are smaller, primary molecules c. enter the atmosphere directly, whereas secondary pollutants form from other substances released into the atmosphere d. are not harmful to humans, whereas secondary air pollutants may be toxic to humans e. are the direct result of natural processes, whereas secondary air pollutants are the result of human activity
a.
The two atmospheric gases most important to humans and other organisms are: a. carbon dioxide and oxygen b. hydrogen and oxygen c. oxygen and argon d. carbon monoxide and oxygen e. carbon dioxide and nitrogen
d.
The two main human sources of primary air pollutants are: a. incineration and transportation b. industry and incineration c. agriculture and residential sources d. industry and transportation e. agriculture and industry
a.
Urban areas receive less sunlight than rural areas, partly as a result of greater quantities of __________ in the air. a. particulate matter b. sulfur oxides c. hydrocarbons d. ozone e. nitrogen oxides
e.
Which of the following air pollutants is correctly paired with one of its major effects? a. carbon oxides — corrosion of metal b. particulate matter — production of photochemical smog c. hydrocarbons — reduced visibility d. nitrogen oxides — blocks UV radiation e. sulfur oxides — acid precipitation
e.
Which of the following is NOT an effect of acid deposition? a. decline in aquatic animal populations b. destruction of monuments and buildings c. forest decline d. decreased hatching success in some birds e. mutations and skin cancer