Chapter 19-Section 1 How the nervous system works
synapse
A junction where information is transmitted from one neuron to the next.
nerve
a bundle of nerve fibers
Stimulus
a change in an organism's surroundings that causes the organism to react
What is the structure of a neuron and what kind of neurons are found in the body?
a neuron has one axon and many dendrites that extend from the cell body sensory, interneuron, motor
interneuron
a neuron that carries nerve impulses from one neuron to another
sensory neuron
a neuron that picks up stimuli from the internal or external environment and converts each stimulus into a nerve impulse
motor neuron
a neuron that sends an impulse to a muscle or gland, causing the muscle or gland to react
axon
a threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body
dendrite
a threadlike extension of a neuron that carries nerve impulses toward the cell body
Response
an action or change in behavior that occurs as a result of a stimulus
neuron
cell that carries messages throughout the nervous system
What are the functions of the nervous system?
sensory input integration motor output
Identify three kinds of neurons that are found in the nervous system.
sensory neuron interneuron motor neurons
How do nerve impulses travel from one neuron to another?
the dendrites
nerve impulse
the message carried by a neuron
Give an example of a stimulus and describe how the nervous system produces a response.
when the pitcher throws the ball at you the response is to move out of the way
Your heart rate is controlled by involuntary actions of the nervous system. What would your life be like if your heartbeat were under voluntary action?
you would half to spend all your time focusing on beating your heart