Chapter 2-9: Structures of Photosynthesis

ATP Synthetase (2-9)

A chemical complex that is embedded in the thylakoid membranes. Energy from the sun is converted to the energy of ATP molecule in the chemical complex. (2-9)

Granum (2-9)

A stack of thylakoids in a chloroplast. (2-9)

mesophyll cells (2-9)

several layers of these cells can be found underneath the epidermis. Some of these cells are tall and stacked against each other while others are more cubical and loosely packed. These cells contain the main structures that carry photosynthesis (2-9)

Stroma (2-9)

the fluid portion of the chloroplast. Not only does it contain the enzymes necessary for carbon fixation, it also manages the chloroplast response to cellular stresses and signaling between various organelles. It plays an important role in both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. (2-9)

palisade layer (mesophyll) (2-9)

the layer of mesophyll cells where the mesophyll cells are all and stacked against each other. (2-9)

Spongy layer (mesophyll) (2-9)

the layer of mesophyll cells where the mesophyll cells are cubical and loosely packed. (2-9)

Epidermis (2-9)

the outermost, protoderm-derived layer of cells covering the stem, root, leaf, flower, fruit, and seed parts of a plant. these cells and its waxy cuticle provide a protective barrier against mechanical injury, water loss, and infection. (2-9)

leaf (2-9)

the principal lateral appendage of the vascular plant stem, usually borne above ground and specialized for photosynthesis. (2-9)

Thylakoid space (lumen) (2-9)

the space between the thylakoid membranes (2-9)

photosynthetic pigments (2-9)

Pigments embedded in the thylakoid membrane. These pigments include chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b. These pigments play an important role in photosynthesis. (2-9)

light-dependent reaction (2-9)

The first stage of photosynthesis is to convert solar energy into chemical energy in the form of NADPH and ATP, which are used in light-independent reactions and fuel the assembly of sugar molecules. (2-9)

chloroplast (2-9)

These organelles are found abundantly in mesophyll cells. Chloroplasts help in the process of photosynthesis (2-9)

leaf(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'A' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

cuticle(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'B' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

Epidermis(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'C' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

mesophyll cells(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'D' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

Nucleus(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'E' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

Chloroplast(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'F' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

Stroma(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'G' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

Granum(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'H' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

Thylakoid(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'I' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

Thylakoid space (lumen)(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'J' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

photosynthetic pigments(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'K' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

ATP synthetase(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'L' to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

Stomates(stomata)(p) (2-9)

What is the letter 'M' pointing to? Picture link: https://bit.ly/2VoYlHj (2-9)

thylakoid (2-9)

a disc-shaped membranous structure inside a chloroplast where the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place using chlorophyll embedded in the membranes. A stack of these makes up the granum. (2-9)

stomata(es) (2-9)

a pore, found in the epidermis of leaves, stems, and other organs, that controls the rate of gas exchange. The pore is bordered by a pair of specialized parenchyma cells known as guard cells that are responsible for regulating the size of the opening. (2-9)

Cuticle (2-9)

a thin waxy layer that covers the surface of the leaf. It provides protection against desiccation and external environmental stresses. (2-9)