Chapter 2 Creativity, innovation, opportunities and entrepreneurship

Incremental and Radical

Creativity is about breaking through to radical new ideas, new ways for framing the problem and new directions for solving it. Includes the hard work of refining these breakthroughs. Creativity and innovation often come in incremental flashes of inspiration followed by long periods of incremental improvement around those ideas

Development during entrepreneurial process

Creativity stage innovation stage and entrepreneur stage

Motivation

Determine what the person will do Two types of motivation exist intrinsic and extrinsic motivation

Divergent and Convergent Thinking

Divergent Thinking = if many correct answers are possible; ex. brain storming Convergent Thinking = if there is only one correct answer, narrowing choices so that only one answer remains; ex. process of elimination on multiple choice tests

Individual and group creativity

Diverse nature of a combination of people's personality's, experiences, and approaches, means we see problems and solutions from different perspectives. Combining our approaches, sparking ideas off each other and building on shared insights are allpowerful ways of amplifying creativity

Three features of social networking

Diversity, affective strength, structural equivalence

market feasibility- is it viable

Does anyone want it? Has product any features that someone values and ready to pay for

knowledge

Encompasses everything a person knows and can do Can come in the form of formal education practical experience interactions

Factors Influencing creativity

Encouragement of creativity, autonomy, resources, pressures(constraints) mental block

Forced Analogy

A synthetics technique that compares a problem with something totally unrelated

Two distinct forms of pressure

Excessive workload + pressure of challenges

Developing group level creativity

Advantages diversity volume of idea elaboration rich variety or prior experience Disadvantages group think social pressures conform lack of focus group dynamic and hierarchy and political behaviour people following different agendas

Creativity to entrepreneurship :screen opportunities

Creativity innovation entrepreneur process entail identifying and evaluating opportunities. Business idea assessed to determine if represent an entrepreneurial opportunity eg. Sustainable value and wealth

incremental innovation

Improvements to existing products, services or pterm-0rocess . These sustain profits and increase share of existing markets. Eg. Cadbury and gillette

autonomy

Individuals teams have high autonomy in work conduct where sense of ownership thus leading to more creativity in the process

Validation

Insight becomes refined and developed where it is prototyped

Entrepreneurship stage

Knowledge embedded in product or service sold

Innovation Stage

Knowledge further refined initial idea passed feasibility test

Creativity Stages

Knowledge present raw form

mental blocks to creativity

Prejudice, functional fixed Ness,

Creativity techniques

Problem reversal, forced analogy attribute listing mind map brainstorming

Three critical issues

Product feasibility, market feasibility, economic feasibility

Creative Model Process

Recognition/preparation, incubation, insights, validation/refinement

Recognition/preparation

Recognize problem to solve then explore dimensions

incubation

Refers to the subconscious processing that leads to a solution to a problem after a break from conscious thought about the problem

Problem Reversal

Reframing the problem, take the problem and think of the opposite approach

Resources to creativity

Resource allocation is linked to creativity

Developing and disseminating knowledge through social networks

Social networks- catalyst for the developement and disseminating of knowledge both from emerging and established organisations. Network impacts on social emotional and mental support availa to entrepreneurs

Components of creativity 3)

Creative thinking skills Expert Knowledge Motivation

process

Associated with convergent and divergent thinking

Creating is a combination of

Association, incremental and radical, divergent and convergent thinking, left and right thinking patterns individual and group creativity

Attribute Listing

Attribute listing identifies the key attributes of a product or process and then enables designers to think of ways to change, modify or improve each attribute.

Challenges in creativity

Breaking rules changing perspectives see thinks differently - can set tensions between person coming up with new way of seeing and rest of world seeing the old view. Eg. Galileo astronomer prisoned because he proposed a different view for the way the sun and planets operate

Economic Feasibility

Can product be developed manufactured and distributed while generating profit

Product feasibility- is it real?

Can product be made or service delivered using currently available technology? Technically feasible-is the product fit for purpose?

Left and Right Brain Thinking

Left side: 'logical thinking process' / Right: Associations patterns and feelings. Both hemispheres are involved and play different roles. This has important implications for developing the skills of creative thinking

insights

Light bulb moment yet there is often a st ong emotional change where it had been partially clear.

Mind maps

Mapping information to stimulate generation and analysis of it

Developing personal skills

Motivation and communication feeling comfortable with taking risks

intrinsic motivation

Motivation based on internal factors such as enjoyment work

Encouragement of creativity

Organisational encouragement - risk taking behaviour valuing innovation and fair evaluation of new ideas Supivsors encouragement- indicates project management or direct supervisors can promote creativity in workplace Group=diverse team members constructive challenging and shared commitment

Pressures(constraints) to creativity

Paradox influence': some degree of pressure can lead to positive influence

Brainstorming

a conference technique of solving specific problems, amassing information, stimulating creative thinking, developing new ideas, etc., by unrestrained and spontaneous participation in discussion.

Radical Innovation

creation of products, services, or technologies that replace existing ones

Creative thinking skills

encompasses personality characteristics associated with creativity, the ability to use analogies, and the talent to see the familiar in a different light

extrinsic motivation

motivation that involves external incentives such as financial rewards