Chapter 2

The body is over ____ percent water.

60

is useful for the growth and development of strong bones and teeth.

Calcium

is/are used by the body to synthesize Vitamin D, maintain the proper functioning of nerve cells, keep skin soft and supple, and transport fat to cells.

Cholesterol

carbohydrates require a prolonged process of digestion in order to be broken down into glucose and help maintain proper blood sugar levels.

Complex

Your body composition can be changed by altering two factors, .

Diet and exercise

are short and stout.

Endomorphs

Regular exercise will enable you to perform daily tasks with an increased amount of:

Energy Enthusiasm

In addition to nutrition, is an important means of maintaining your health.

Exercise

A "well-rounded" exercise program should include either anaerobic or aerobic exercises, but not both.

False

Excess fat, whether saturated or unsaturated, is stored as in the body.

Fat

Vitamins A, D, E, and K are dependent upon for their absorption by cells.

Fats

are organic acids that aid in the transportation and breakdown of cholesterol.

Fatty acids

demonstrates the possible range of motion of muscles, joints, and ligaments.

Flexibility

During digestion, carbohydrates are converted by enzymes into .

Glucose

The consumption of fats causes the rise of low-density lipoprotein in the blood.

Saturated

fats are found in animal products and some vegetables.

Saturated

carbohydrates do not take long to digest and cause blood sugar levels to rise quickly.

Simple

Which kind of muscle fibers enable the muscles to exert force for a long period of time?

Slow twitch

Condiments are meant to enhance the flavor of food and should be eaten in amounts.

Small

Carbohydrates are found in foods that contain:

Starch Sugar

Anorexia nervosa is an eating disorder whereby a person:

Starves oneself

The ability of a muscle to exert force is:

Strength

How many days can the body survive without water?

2-3

No more than percent of a person's total calorie intake should consist of fat.

30

The body loses approximately _____ pints of water a day through sweat, urine, and exhalation.

5-6

is/are the body's primary and immediate source of energy.

Carbs

Physical fitness involves the proper functioning of which body systems?

Circulatory Respitory Muscular

To maintain a healthy _____, people must follow recommended levels of calories, fat, and portion sizes.

Diet

have bodies that are tall and thin.

Ectomorphs

Which of the following identifies how professions have become obesogenic in recent decades?

Fewer agricultural jobs today

Foods with a lot of are good sources of Vitamins C, B6, and E, and are also linked to the reduction of cancer-causing agents.

Fiber

Basis for physical fitness is

Good eating habits

remove the build-up of cholesterol on the walls of arteries.

HDLs

There are 13 used by the body to maintain health.

Minerals

What is the scientific definition of "nutrition"?

The proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, and energy.

Why are vitamins essential to good health?

They help the body convert carbohydrates into energy; they aid in the repair and construction of cells; they facilitate normal bodily functions.

are needed by the body in small amounts.

Trace elements

Evaluating your fitness level will help you establish attainable fitness goals.

True

Hunger is the body's way of telling you that it is in need of essential nutrients.

True

Increasing the intensity of an exercise will increase the strength of a muscle.

True

Muscles and joints that can move through their full range of motion are more powerful, more coordinated, and less likely to be injured.

True

How many minutes must the target heart rate be maintained in order for aerobic exercise to be beneficial?

Twelve

The consumption of fats causes the rise of high-density lipoprotein in the blood.

Unsaturated

Meat is a rich source of:

Vitamin B-12 B-complex vitamins protein iron

Which of the following exercises should be included during warm-up and cool-down times?

Walking Stretching

________ is the basis of good nutrition because it is essential to all forms of metabolism in the body.

Water

Which of the following are reasons why vitamins are essential to good health?

Without vitamins the body could not grow. Without vitamins the body could not repair damaged tissue. Without vitamins the body could not produce energy. Without vitamins the body could not protect itself from infection.

Which of the following guidelines are given in regards to intensity and frequency, to improve muscular strength?

Workout sessions should be limited to twice a week for 15-30 minutes. During each workout session, several different muscle groups should be worked. Increase the weight only when you are able to complete three sets of 10 repetitions with ease.

The ability of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems to efficiently transfer oxygen and nutrients to skeletal muscles is known as:

cardiorespiratory fitness

From what types of foods should you get most of your calories?

foods that are high in vitamins and minerals foods that are low in fats and sugars

Eating regular meals will:

help you to establish healthy eating habits and keep you energized throughout the day

To improve cardiorespiratory fitness, a person should:

participate in aerobic exercise of moderate intensity for 30 minutes three to four times a week

Which of the following identifies ways people can fight obesity with lifestyle changes?

physical activity and portion control

What information do food labels provide?

the percentage of U.S. Recommended Daily Allowances of essential nutrients and minerals a list of ingredients

The best way to regulate your eating habits is:

to eat only when you are hungry

The average adolescent should consume no more than grams of fat per day.

65-70

What is a "balanced diet"?

A diet in which the various food groups are consumed in the right proportion

Dairy products provide a source of:

Calcium Protein Vitamin A Vitamin D

A is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of water 1 degree Celsius.

Calorie

Grain products are a good source of and .

Carbs Vitamin B complex

Which of the following are means of measuring physical fitness?

Cardiorespiratory Muscular Endurance Flexibility Composition

Which option identifies the obesity factor at work in the following scenario? Clarissa and her family live in a poor area of town and often struggle with getting dinner every night. When they can, they eat at all-you-can-eat restaurants and fast food places with large servings.

Demographics

The best way to get the proper balance of vitamins and minerals is to:

Eat a variety of foods

______________ chemically alter the make-up of nutrients, changing them into a form that can be readily used by cells.

Enzymes

Meat is the best source of protein because it does not provide the body with all the essential amino acids.

False

The best source of water is soda with caffeine.

False

Vitamins stored in fats cells; they do not have to be ingested daily: Vitamins that are stored in the body for a short time; they should be ingested daily:

Fat-soluble vitamins Water-soluble vitamins

A growing adolescent needs the equivalent of __________ glasses of milk a day in order to get the right amount of calcium.

Four to five

Which option distinguishes why Djimon is gaining weight in the following scenario? Djimon moved to the United States from France, where portion sizes are much smaller. He found that after six months, he had gained thirteen pounds even though he only ate what he was served.

He does not understand serving sizes

Body composition is examined with regards to mass in proportion to body .

Lean Fat

are needed by the body in large amounts in order to maintain good health.

Macro-elements

are "well-built" for their height.

Mesomorphs

Which of the following identifies how weight and health care costs are related?

More people were treated for weight-related diseases, increasing health care costs.

Why is it important to eat foods each day from each of the five food groups?

No food or food group can supply the body with all the essential nutrients needed for good health.

Chemical substances that are absorbed by the body through the process of digestion are called:

Nutrients

The proper supply of nutrients essential for growth, reproduction, repair, immunity, and energy.

Nutrition

In order for breakfast to keep you energized throughout the day, it must consist mainly of:

Protein

Select the FIVE categories of My Plate.

Proteins Fruit Vegtables Grains Dairy

What guidelines are given in regards to intensity and frequency, to improve flexibility?

Stretch each muscle group slowly until a feeling of slight discomfort is felt. Hold the position for 20 seconds. Repeat a stretch at least three times