Chapter 2 : Hardware

recommended amount of GHz

2.5 GHz

monitor contains a light source and a screen of special crystals placed in the monitor between the user and the light source.

An LCD (liquid crystal display

The most fundamental unit of computing is the _______which is typically represented as an on (1) or off (0) value.

Bit

is simply a collection of eight bits. It is the amount required to store a single character

Byte

Responsible for organizing and carrying out instructions to produce a desired output.

CPU, brands(intel,AMD)

refers to a form of high-speed memory that stores a small, frequently used set of instructions and data in the CPU.

Cache

Optical Storage

Cd,dvds, blur-ray

Main processor of a computer

Cpu

Input

Digital/Video Cameras, (Fingerprint, Face recognition, voice recogntion

specialize in scanning large quantities of documents in a short amount of time.

Document scanners

, which date to the 1970's, create output by striking an inked ribbon against paper using metal pins. They are the only printers that can produce carbon-copy or pressure-sensitive forms.

Dot matrix printers

The devices that can read, write, and erase data are called

Drives

printers use a process where by colored dyes are heated and then diffuse on specialty paper or other materials.

Dye-sublimation (dye-sub)

Solid State Drive

Flash drives

can enhance audio or video output from computers to make them more relevant or noticeable.

Haptic technology

Input

Keyboard, mouse, microphone, wireless deivces, touchscreen, stylus, scanners, RFID

, which also use liquid crystals, are lit by a grid of tiny electronic lights called light emitting diodes (LEDs)

LED monitors

HDD= Permanent Storage

MKMGT

a general term for electronic chips that store data and program instructions that can be accessed quickly by the CPU

Memory

Output

Monitor:Mega pixels, size,resolutions 720 P, 1080P, Full HD, 4k 2160P

These devices use lasers to read data from or write data to the reflective surface of an optical disc.

Optical storage

Output

Plasma/CRT,video cards, printers

These devices issue commands in the form of various types of clicks, scrolling, or gestures

Pointing devices

is a small chip on MB that contains device-specific information. The instructions on this chip are known as firmware, and they handle a computer's basic functions when it is powered on.

ROM

Holds the instructions for the Cpu. 6GB+ is recommend ampount

Ram

a device that uses optical technology to convert objects that it analyzes into a digital format

Scanner

A computer's __________ is a circuit board that converts sound from analog to digital form, and vice versa, for recording or playback

Sound card

The physical locations where things are stored are known as

Storage media

is a stationary pointing device that works like an upside-down mouse. The touchpad is a stationary, rectangular pointing surface that is typically found on laptop computers.

Trackball

is not actual memory, but rather a portion of your hard drive that is being used as RAM when the situation demands it.

Virtual Memory

scanners are used to scan the barcode labels that uniquely identify most products sold today.

barcode

Act as traffic directors

chipsets

have a glass surface that allows you to scan almost any object, from a page in a textbook to an old photo album.

flat bread

(also known as the hard disk), is the primary storage device of a personal computer.

hard drive

create output by using a laser that is aimed at a rotating drum. Toner (ink powder) then sticks to the drum.

laser printers

Clock Rate (in GHz)

measures the processor's speed

is an electronic display device, or screen, used to output text and graphics to the user.

monitor

is the most common pointing device for desktop computers. It senses movement, and contains buttons and a scroll wheel.

optical mouse

A monitor's screen is divided into millions of tiny dots, called

pixels

Motherboard usually contains a collection of

plugs or ports, that allow you to connect external devices

of a monitor refers to the number of pixels that it can display on the screen

resolution

Many hard drives now use flash memory instead of the more traditional magnetic technology. These are known as

solid state drives (SSDs).

The main component of a desktop computer is

the system unit, which is the case that houses the computer's critical parts ( the processing and storage devices.)

apply heat to special thermal paper, turning select areas black to produce text and basic graphics.

thermal printers

is a device that can capture television signals for viewing on a computer.

tv tuner

an intermediary device between the CPU and the monitor. It contains a processor (GPU), video-dedicated memory, and other circuitry necessary to process and send information to the monitor.

video card