Chapter 2: Theories and Therapies

A cognitive therapist would help a client restructure the thought "I am stupid!" to which statement? "What I did was stupid." "I am not as smart as others." "Things usually go wrong for me." "Things like this should not happen to anyone."

"What I did was stupid"

Using Maslow's model of needs, the nurse providing care for an anxious client identifies which intervention as being a priority? Assessing the client's ability to fulfill appropriate developmental level tasks Assessing the client for strengths upon which a nurse-client relationship can be based Planning one-on-one time to assist in identifying the fears trigger the client's anxiety Evaluating the client's ability to learn and retain essential information regarding their current condition

Assessing the client for strengths upon which a nurse-client relationship can be based

Role-playing is associated with which type of psychotherapy? Psychoanalysis Modeling Operant conditioning Systematic desensitization

Modeling

Which nursing intervention demonstrates the theory behind operant conditioning? Rewarding the client with a token for avoiding an argument with another client Showing the client how to be assertive without being aggressive Demonstrating deep breathing techniques to a group of clients Explaining to the client the consequences of not following unit rules

Rewarding the client with a token for avoiding an argument with another client

A client states, "I will always be alone because nobody could ever love me." The nurse recognizes that the client is expressing what cognitive-behavioral concept? Emotional consequence Schema Actualization Aversion

Schema

Which theorist is associated with behavioral therapy? Freud Skinner Sullivan Peplau

Skinner

The nurse is working with a client experiencing depression stemming from low self-esteem. The client is distrustful of unit staff and "just wants to go home." Initially what is the nurses priority? Making the client feel physically and emotionally safe Teaching the client effective coping skills Identifying the client's positive traits Focusing on preparing the client for a speedy discharge

making the client feel physically and emotionally safe

Consider both Sullivan's term security operations and Freud's term defense mechanisms. Which statement suggests that the client's specialized treatment goal has been successfully met? "I really think I can succeed in school now." "I'm experiencing much less anxiety about school now." "Going back to school is hard and I'll need support." "I know that I'm not the only person who has a difficult time in school."

"I'm experiencing much less anxiety about school now."

How does Harry Stack Sullivan Interpersonal Theory view anxiety? An emotional experience felt after the age of 5 years. A sign of guilt in adults. A painful emotion arising from social insecurity. The result of trying to go beyond experiences of guilt and pain.

A painful emotion arising from social insecurity

According to Freud, a client experiencing dysfunction of the conscious as part of the mind will have problems with which aspect of memory? Recent memory Long-term memory All memories Painful memories

All memories

What is the premise underlying behavioral therapy? Behavior is learned and can be modified. Behavior is a product of unconscious drives. Motives must change before behavior changes. Behavior is determined by cognitions; change in cognitions produces new behavior.

Behavior is learned and can be modified

Freud believed that individuals cope with anxiety by implementing which mechanism? The superego Defense mechanisms Security operations Cognitive distortions

Defense mechanisms

Which client problem would be most suited to the use of interpersonal therapy? Disturbed sensory perception Impaired sensory perception Medication noncompliance Dysfunctional grieving

Dysfunctional grieving

The nurse is planning care for a 14-year-old. The nurse demonstrates an understanding of the developmental task appropriate for this client by providing which experience? Spending one-on-one time with staff to establish trust Providing them with the opportunity to select which unit activities they will participate in to gain autonomy Encouraging them to talk about their school plans to help achieve identity Assign them to help clean up the dayroom to develop a sense of industry

Encouraging them to talk about their school plans to help achieve identity

The nurse providing anticipatory operant conditioning guidance to the mother of a toddler should advise that childhood temper tantrums are best handled by which intervention? Giving the child what he/she is asking for Scolding the child when he/she displays tantrum behaviors Spanking the child at the onset of the tantrum behaviors Ignoring the tantrum and giving attention when the child acts appropriately

Ignoring the tantrum and giving attention when the child acts appropriately

A nurse expresses an exclusive belief in the biological model for mental illness when stating "it's the only one I really believe." What conclusion should be drawn from this statement? The biological model is the oldest and most reliable model for explaining mental illness. The biological model has been proven to be successful in finding the cause of most symptoms of mental illness. The biological model is the most popular theory among leading psychiatrists and therefore the one that should be fully embraced. In believing only in the biological model, other influences on mental health including cultural, environmental, social, and spiritual influences are not taken into account.

In believing only in the biological model, other influences on mental health including cultural, environmental, social, and spiritual influences are not taken into account.

The nurse is caring for an adult client who experienced severe physical abuse from age of 2 through 12. What information should the nurse provide the client concerning the function of the "Id" and the ability to function as an adult? It has control over the emotional frustration felt as an adult. It is the source of one's survival instincts. It is severely damaged by abuse experienced before the age of 5 years. It provides an individual with the ability to differentiate believed and real experiences.

It is the source of one's survival instincts

A nurse is providing care to a 28-year-old patient diagnosed with bipolar disorder who admitted in a manic state. According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, the nurse should identify which patient symptom as having priority? Rapid, pressured speech Grandiose thoughts Lack of sleep Hyperactive behavior

Lack of sleep