Chapter 21 - Biotechnology

What areas have knockout mice been useful for ?

-obesity -Inherited disorders -heart disease -cancer -diabetes

A cloned gene becoming integrated into the genome by non homologous recombination is called gene ...

addition

The use of living organisms or their products to alleviate plant diseases is called ...

biological control

The use of living organisms or the materials they produce in the development of goods or processes that are beneficial to humans is called ...

biotechnology

Gene knocking are used to study the effects of ...

consistent gene expression

Altering the sequence of a gene, such as with the CRISPR-Cas system, is known as ...

gene modification

The cells that construct our bodies from a fertilized egg are called ... cells

stem

How can microorganism's be used in biological control of plant disease and insect pests?

-By producing a toxin that inhibits pathogenic microorganism's or insects -By competing with pathogenic strains for nutrients or space

In biotechnology, what is used to benefit humans?

-Living organsims -Materials produced by living organisms

What problems are exhibited by cloned mice?

-Many genes are not expressed normally in cloned mice -Cloned mice die at a younger age

What are the common uses or microorganism's that fall under the application category of biological control?

-Symbiotic nitrogen fixation -Control of plant diseases, insect pests and weeds -Prevention of frost formation

Considering a diploid cell, how many copies of a gene already present in the genome would be present immediately following a gene addition

3

True or False: Reproductive cloning can only occur as a result of laboratory manipulations?

False - occasionally occurs in nature; identical twins are genetic clones that began from the same fertilized egg

Gene knockout allows researchers to study ...

how the loss of normal gene function affects an organism

The possibility of human cloning raises many ethical questions. Some people feel it could be a new way to offer ... couples a chance at reproduction. Others are concerned that human cloning is ... wrong

infertile ; ethically

A gene ... is a gene ... in which a gene of interest has been added to a particular site in the mouse genome

knockin ; addition

In a type of gene replacement called gene ..., a cloned gene is rendered inactive and replaces a normal gene at its chromosomal location

knockout

What organisms are commonly used to benefit humans via the production of medicines, food fermentation, biological control, and bioremediation

microorganism's

The process of gene ... aims to alter the sequence of a gene

modification

Mice have been developed with genetic modification that make them develop symptoms of Alzheimer's disease. These mice are an example of a ...

mouse model

Microorganism's can exert control against plant pathogens or insects by competing with pathogens for ... or space or producing a ... that inhibits pathogens or insects

nutrients ; toxin