Chapter 23 Digestive System

Which of the following is not contained in saliva? A. bicarbonate buffer B. bactericidal enzymes C. enzymes that initiate the digestion of carbohydrates D. enzymes that begin the digestion of proteins

enzymes that begin the digestion of proteins

The pancreas is both a(n) __________ gland and a(n) __________ gland.

exocrine / endocrine

The lesser omentum directly attaches the stomach to the posterior abdominal wall.

false

Which of the following organs is an accessory digestive organ? esophagus gallbladder pharynx duodenum

gallbladder- empties bile into alimentary canal

The parietal cells in the stomach produce

intrinsic factor and HCl.

Which of the following is not an accessory digestive organ? spleen liver salivary gland teeth

spleen

What is the function of the gallbladder?

storage of bile

There are __________ layers of smooth muscle in the muscularis externa.

three

The splenic flexure is the boundary between the

transverse and descending colon.

The portion of the large intestine closest to the liver is the

transverse colon.

Which of the following applies to the small intestine? A. It is where carbohydrates and fats but not proteins are digested. B. Its walls secrete most of the digestive enzymes that are active in its lumen. C. It is where foodstuffs first encounter protein-splitting enzymes. D. Breakdown products of fats enter its lacteals.

D. Breakdown products of fats enter its lacteals.

Which of the following statements about the large intestine is false? A. It has haustra. B. It exhibits external muscular bands called taeniae coli. C. It has no villi. D. It is longer than the small intestine.

D. It is longer than the small intestine.

Digestion of which of the following would be affected the most if the bile-secreting liver were severely damaged? A. carbohydrates B. nucleic acids C. proteins D. lipids

D. lipids

Chief cells of the gastric glands secrete pepsinogen.

True

The vermiform appendix is suspended from the cecum.

True

Of the basic digestive processes, the one in which nutrients enter capillaries is called

absorption.

Smooth muscle constriction between the ileum and cecum.

ileocecal valve

The terminal portion of the small intestine is the

ileum.

The largest salivary gland is the ____________.

parotid

Which of the following is not a characteristic of the large intestine? A. It is the main site of nutrient absorption. B. It includes the ascending, transverse, and descending colon. C. It contains an abundant bacterial flora. D. It absorbs much of the water and salts remaining in the wastes.

A. It is the main site of nutrient absorption.

Which of the following statements about the duodenum is false? A. It is shorter than either the ileum or jejunum. B. It is the site of action of liver and pancreas secretions. C. It is more movable than the ileum or jejunum, which are retroperitoneal. D. It receives chyme from the stomach.

C. It is more movable than the ileum or jejunum, which are retroperitoneal.

Which statement best describes the composition of the blood in the portal vein?

Oxygen-poor and nutrient-rich blood drained from the digestive tract. Blood in the portal vein comes from the digestive tract while being carried to the liver for nutrient processing and toxin removal.

The stomach: a. churns food into a paste by mechanical means. b. dehydrates food materials before passing them to the small intestine. c. absorbs most of the nutrients in food. d. stores food for later use in the form of fat.

churns food into a paste by mechanical means.

The union of the cystic and common hepatic ducts is ______________

common bile duct

Junction of the transverse and ascending colon.

hepatic flexure

The pancreas contains all of the following regions except a

hilum

Secretions of the parotid gland empty

lateral to the upper molars.

The lesser omentum extends between the

lesser curvature of the stomach and the porta hepatis of the liver.

Attaches the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach.

lesser omentum

All of the following structures have all four tissue layers in their walls except the

mouth.

What layer is present in the mucosa of the stomach and intestines, but not in the mucosa of the mouth and pharynx?

muscularis mucosae

All of these organs contribute to mechanical digestion EXCEPT ? -teeth -tongue -submandibular, sublingual and parotid salivary glands -small intestines

submandibular, sublingual and parotid salivary glands