Chapter 23 Part 1

Which long-held U.S. territory was granted independence in 1946?

Philippines

Why were American diplomats particularly dismayed that the Soviets had installed a procommunist government in Poland in 1945?

Stalin had promised Winston Churchill and Franklin Roosevelt at Yalta that he would allow a democratic government in Poland.

Why did France and other Europeans understand NATO as a form of double containment?

The pact would guard them against Soviet aggression as well as against the resurgence of a powerful Germany.

How did the United States respond to Joseph Stalin's blockade around Berlin?

Truman ordered that supplies be brought to Berlin via an airlift.

According to the policy of containment, as laid out by George Kennan:

United States was committed to preventing the spread of communism.

The Freedom Train was:

a traveling exhibition of over 100 historical documents.

NSC-68:

called for a massive increase in U.S. military forces.

The Truman Doctrine:

committed the United States to fighting communism anywhere.

The Korean War:

ended in a stalemate.

The movements for colonial independence:

generally had U.S. support.

In 1948, the Soviets began the Berlin Blockade:

in response to the creation of West Germany.

In 1949, Mao Zedong:

led a successful communist revolution in China.

After World War II ended, Japan:

received economic assistance from the United States.

The Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO):

replaced NATO in Europe.

The "Iron Curtain":

separated the free West from the communist East.

The first confrontation of the Cold War took place in:

the Middle East, when Soviet troops occupied northern Iran seeking access to oil fields.

After World War II, the only nation that could rival the United States was:

the Soviet Union

What set a precedent for American assistance to anticommunist regimes throughout the world, no matter how undemocratic?

the Truman Doctrine

The Marshall Plan:

was a United States-Soviet program to rebuild Europe.

Japan's constitution, which Americans had written, provided for the first time in Japanese history:

women's suffrage.