chapter 24/25

Which of the following statements regarding the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor is FALSE? A)The State Department assumed the Japanese would never attack American interests. B)The American aircraft carriers escaped the attack. C)Few American authorities believed Japan was capable of an attack on Pearl Harbor. D)The Japanese suffered light losses in the attack. E)More than 2,000 American soldiers and sailors died in the attack.

A)The State Department assumed the Japanese would never attack American interests.

In 1940, the "lend-lease" plan A)allowed the U.S. to loan weapons to England, to be returned or paid for when the war was over. B)saw England agree to allow jobless Americans to enlist in the British military. C)saw England allow the construction of American military bases in British territory. D)saw the U.S. lend funds to the Allies so they could lease war supplies from the U.S. E)was extremely controversial and barely passed the Senate.

A)allowed the U.S. to loan weapons to England, to be returned or paid for when the war was over.

In July 1940, opinion polls showed the clear majority of the American public A)believed Germany posed a direct threat to the United States. B)were strongly against any involvement by the United States in the war. C)thought the United States should immediately declare war on Germany. D)believed it would be a waste to aid England, as that nation would soon fall to Germany. E)believed Japan was a greater threat to the United States than the war in Europe.

A)believed Germany posed a direct threat to the United States.

All of the following groups were part of the New Deal political coalition EXCEPT A)big-business owners. B)the working class. C)urban blacks. D)western and southern farmers. E)liberals and progressives.

A)big-business owners.

Following the outbreak of war in Europe in 1939, President Franklin Roosevelt A)declared the United States would remain neutral. B)declared the United States would be the "arsenal of democracy." C)sent American military advisers to England. D)ordered a "preparedness" campaign much like Woodrow Wilson had in 1916. E)was unsure whether a majority of Americans supported Germany.

A)declared the United States would remain neutral.

The Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933 A)sought to raise crop prices by paying farmers not to plant. B)set minimum prices for retailers purchasing farm products. C)provided farmers with free seed and fertilizer. D)offered financial incentives to farmers who improved their production yields. E)created government warehouses where farmers could store their crops and use them as collateral.

A)sought to raise crop prices by paying farmers not to plant.

The America First Committee A)was a powerful lobby against U.S. involvement in the war. B)was strongly opposed by both major political parties. C)called for increased U.S. assistance to England without any actual intervention. D)was made up largely of Democrats who favored diplomacy to end the war. E)tried and failed to enlist the support of Charles Lindbergh.

A)was a powerful lobby against U.S. involvement in the war.

Germany began World War II in Europe days after A)Germany's occupation of additional areas of Czechoslovakia. B)a nonaggression pact was signed between Germany and Russia. C)France promised Poland it would provide military support if attacked. D)Germany and Austria were unified. E)Hitler's violation of the Munich agreement.

B)a nonaggression pact was signed between Germany and Russia.

President Franklin Roosevelt's decision in 1940 to give fifty American destroyers to England A)was cancelled by Congress. B)circumvented the cash-and-carry provision of the Neutrality Acts. C)was in response to requests by the U.S. ambassador to London. D)both circumvented the cash-and-carry provision of the Neutrality Acts and was in response to requests by the U.S. ambassador to London. E)None of these answers is correct.

B)circumvented the cash-and-carry provision of the Neutrality Acts.

The Social Security Act of 1935 A)initially only offered a pension for retired workers. B)did not begin making payments to participants for years. C)covered all full-time working American citizens. D)was opposed by President Franklin Roosevelt as being too costly. E)originally included a program for universal health-care.

B)did not begin making payments to participants for years.

The National Labor Relations Act of 1935 A)ended the labor practice of a "closed shop." B)gave government the authority to force employers to accept labor unions. C)enforced the labor practice of an "open shop." D)resulted in the Supreme Court's striking down of the Wagner Act. E)invalidated Section 7(a) of the National Industrial Recovery Act.

B)gave government the authority to force employers to accept labor unions.

In 1935, Senator Huey Long Multiple choice question. A)advocated a "flat tax" plan. B)had proposed a national wealth-sharing plan that involved heavily taxing the wealthiest Americans. C)had as much popular support as Franklin Roosevelt, according to opinion polls. D)declared he would seek the Democratic nomination for president in 1936. E)advocated a $200 monthly pension for all Americans over the age of 60.

B)had proposed a national wealth-sharing plan that involved heavily taxing the wealthiest Americans.

During President Franklin Roosevelt's early days in office, A)he believed the Depression was largely over. B)he promised to take drastic, even warlike, action against economic conditions. C)the American people concluded the economy was not as bad off as they once had believed. D)he attempted to hold the Hoover administration accountable for the economic crisis. E)he showed a relative lack of interest in taking on the economic crisis directly.

B)he promised to take drastic, even warlike, action against economic conditions.

The "Second New Deal" was launched partly in response to the A)president's sympathy toward the ideas of Senator Long. B)persistence of the Great Depression. C)Supreme Court's decision to strike down the National Industrial Recovery Act. D)political challenges of Senator Long and the Supreme Court's decision to strike down the National Industrial Recovery Act. E)All these answers are correct.

B)persistence of the Great Depression

The Civilian Conservation Corps A)was racially integrated. B)put the unemployed to work on rural and wilderness areas. C)included women. D)mostly employed the jobless rural poor. E)passed Congress despite Roosevelt's ambivalence about the project.

B)put the unemployed to work on rural and wilderness areas.

During the 1920s and 1930s, interest in pursuing an isolationist foreign policy A)led the United States to give up its membership in the World Court. B)seemed to grow in the U.S. as it became apparent that Italy would invade Ethiopia. C)led the U.S. Senate to assert that no single nation was a threat to world peace. D)was strongly supported by President Franklin Roosevelt. E)declined after the investigations chaired by Senator Gerald Nye of North Dakota.

B)seemed to grow in the U.S. as it became apparent that Italy would invade Ethiopia.

In 1934, Dr. Francis Townsend attracted widespread national support for a plan that A)offered medical insurance for the poor and elderly. B)was strongly supported by Congress. C)helped pave the way for the Social Security system. D)guaranteed all able-bodied Americans over age 21 a full-time job. E)provided below-cost health care to children and pregnant women.

C)helped pave the way for the Social Security system.

In response to the breakout of the civil war in Spain, the U.S. government joined with Britain and France in an agreement to A)support the republican side. B)support Franco's regime. C)offer no help to either side. D)use the conflict as a means of establishing military positions in Spain. E)offer help to whichever side would repudiate any diplomatic contact with Hitler's regime.

C)offer no help to either side.

Beginning in 1933, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation A)offered financial protection for stock investors. B)gave the government authority to transfer the funds of failing banks to strong banks. C)protected the assets of bank depositors. D)protected banks from failing. E)prevented banks from speculating irresponsibly.

C)protected the assets of bank depositors.

Under the New Deal, African Americans A)were generally treated equally with other races. B)received no significant appointments in the Roosevelt White House. C)received more sympathy than under most previous administrations. D)were able to challenge many patterns of race discrimination effectively. E)found the government hostile to black aspirations.

C)received more sympathy than under most previous administrations.

One long-term consequence of the New Deal was that A)the government effectively redistributed the wealth among the American people. B)it brought about a massive, long-term increase in federal power. C)the national government assumed responsibility for the basic welfare of the people. D)the influence of the government on the economy became greater than that of private businesses. E)the government substantially transformed the distribution of power within American capitalism.

C)the national government assumed responsibility for the basic welfare of the people.

The National Recovery Administration of 1933 did all of the following EXCEPT A)establish a minimum wage for labor. B)make child industrial labor illegal. C)set a standard for the maximum hours one could work in a week. D)increase competition between companies. E)set price and wage floors for most major industries.

D)increase competition between companies.

In 1941, the Atlantic Charter A)was signed in Washington, D.C. B)was completed by senior military officials in the United States and England. C)saw President Roosevelt agree to an eventual invasion of Europe to drive out the Nazis. D)saw the United States and England claim to share common principles. E)gave American merchant ships the authority to fire on German submarines.

D)saw the United States and England claim to share common principles.

The Munich agreement of 1938 A)was the result of negotiations involving the League of Nations. B)put most of Poland under German control. C)ended further German aggression until World War II began. D)was supported by President Franklin Roosevelt. E)was signed by Joseph Stalin despite misgivings about German intent.

D)was supported by President Franklin Roosevelt.

In 1934, strong criticism of the New Deal came from A)the political far right. B)the political far left. C)dissident populists such as Huey Long. D)both the political far right and the political far left. E)All these answers are correct.

E)All these answers are correct.

In 1941, prior to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, A)Japanese troops attacked the Philippines. B)the Japanese developed a new, unbreakable communication code. C)Japan tried to repair relations with the United States in order to restore their flow of supplies. D)President Franklin Roosevelt ordered Japan's diplomats to leave Washington. E)President Franklin Roosevelt froze all Japanese assets in the United States.

E)President Franklin Roosevelt froze all Japanese assets in the United States.

Which of the following statements about the rise of Adolf Hitler in Germany is FALSE? A)His rise was partially precipitated by ruinous inflation. B)Hitler displayed a pathological anti-Semitism and a passionate militarism. C)Hitler believed in the genetic superiority of the Aryan people. D)Hitler argued in favor of extending German territory for the purpose of Lebensraum. E)Upon coming to power in 1933, Hitler called his new government "the Weimar Republic."

E)Upon coming to power in 1933, Hitler called his new government "the Weimar Republic."

In 1933, two days after he took office, President Franklin Roosevelt A)took the country off the gold standard. B)ended prohibition. C)sent the National Industrial Recovery Act to Congress. D)presented to Congress a relief plan for the unemployed. E)closed all banks for a short period

E)closed all banks for a short period

In 1937, President Franklin Roosevelt's call to expand the Supreme Court came from A)complaints by several justices that they were being overworked. B)a desire not to have to choose between two different popular candidates for chief justice. C)a Democratic plan to gain for the party permanent control of the federal government. D)his opinion that the Court needed to review a larger number of cases. E)his desire to change the ideological balance of the Court.

E)his desire to change the ideological balance of the Court.

The Neutrality Act of 1935 A)sought to protect America's international trade agreements. B)prevented Americans from traveling on ships of warring nations. C)did not prevent the United States from intervening when Italy invaded Ethiopia. D)was passed by Congress with recent acts of Nazi aggression in mind. E)included a mandatory arms embargo of both sides during any military conflict.

E)included a mandatory arms embargo of both sides during any military conflict.