Chapter 25
How does inbreeding affect the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? It results in a higher level of either dominant or recessive homozygotes. It results in a higher level of heterozygotes. It has no effect on the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. It results in higher levels of both recessive and dominant homozygotes at the same time.
A
In a given population of Drosophila, curly wings (c) is recessive to the wild-type condition of straight wings (c+). You isolate a population of 35 curly winged flies, 70 flies that are heterozygous for straight wings, and 45 that are homozygous for straight wings. What is the total number of alleles in the gene pool? 300 230 2 150 None of these choices are correct
A
Microevolution is defined as changes in the gene pool from one generation to the next. the ability of different genotypes to succeed in a particular environment. morphological changes that occur from one generation to the next. changes in gene flow from one generation to the next.
A
The formula p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1 is associated with which of the following? hardy-Weinberg equilibrium calculations of recombination frequencies degrees of freedom calculations of heterozygosity None of these choices are correct.
A
The prevalence of the allele for sickle cell anemia in some populations is an example of which of the following? balancing selection nonrandom mating non-Darwinian selection inverted selection heterogeneous environments
A
The term for a group of individuals from the same species that can interbreed with one another is population. kingdom. community. species. race.
A
A SNP would best be described as a gene that comes in multiple different alleles. a single nucleotide difference between two DNA sequences. a balanced polymorphism system. the least frequent type of mutation. None of these choices are correct
B
Horizontal gene transfer occurs between prokaryotic species only. within and between species of eukaryotes and prokaryotes. between eukaryotic species only. only from prokaryotes to eukaryotes.
B
Migration of a random few individuals from one population to a new area to establish a new population is an example of mutation. founder effect. selection. bottleneck effect.
B
A natural disaster that resulted in the loss of genetic diversity in a population would be an example of a genetic drift. founder effect. bottleneck effect. natural selection.
C
Genetic drift has the greatest influence on allele frequencies for which population size? Genetic drift has the same impact on both large and small populations. large small Genetic drift has no effect on the allele frequencies
C
Natural selection can be defined as man-made conditions resulting in the selection of individuals whose phenotypes are best suited for the environment. random events resulting in the selection of individuals whose phenotypes are best suited for the environment. environmental conditions resulting in the selection of individuals whose phenotypes are best suited for the environment.
C
Which of the following is NOT an assumption of the Hardy-Weinberg equation? There is no mutation in the gene being studied. The population is large. There is nonrandom mating. There is no migration into or out of the population. There is no selection against a given genotype.
C
In the equation p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1, what does the term 2pq represent? the genotypic frequency of homozygous dominant individuals the sum of the phenotypic frequencies in the population the genotypic frequency of homozygous recessive individuals the genotypic frequency of heterozygous individuals None of these choices are correct.
D
Mutations represent advantageous changes to genes. deleterious changes to the fitness of an individual. a minor part of microevolution. an essential part of microevolution.
D
Repetitive sequences are useful for DNA fingerprinting since they are unique to every individual and change from generation to generation. are not inherited and so are unique to every individual. never undergo mutation. are inherited and can show significant variability between individuals.
D
The mechanism that results in a change in alleleic variation due to random processes is known as natural selection. migration. nonrandom mating. genetic drift.
D
The term for the mating for two genetically unrelated individuals is disassortative mating. assertive mating. inbreeding. outbreeding
D
Which of the following types of selection favors one extreme of a phenotypic distribution? stabilizing selection balancing selection disruptive selection directional selection
D
Which type of selection would lead to two distinct phenotypes? stabilizing selection directional selection phenotype selection disruptive selection fitness selection
D
