chapter 25 quiz

A cation that is essential for muscle contraction, nerve function, and blood clotting is _____.

calcium

Many high school athletic teams host dinners the night before a big sporting event to feed the members of the team. Common meals include spaghetti and pastas. This is a common phenomenon termed _____.

carbohydrate loading

Lipogenesis of fatty acids and steroids generally begins with _____.

acetyl-coA

The vitamins generally associated with vitamin toxicity (hypervitaminosis) are _____.

fat-soluble vitamins

The vitamin that is a coenzyme in amino acid and nucleic acid metabolism is _____.

folacin (B9)

Mary is 18 years old. She is severely underweight, her skin is dry, and there are signs of peripheral edema. Her heart rate and blood pressure are unusually low and she has trouble concentrating on things. She tells her physician that she believes she is overweight and that she needs to diet. Mary probably has _____.

anorexia nervosa

A(n) ________ contains all of the ingredients necessary to maintain homeostasis.

balanced diet

The ________ of the mitochondrion contains large-diameter pores that are permeable to ions and small organic molecules such as pyruvic acid.

outer membrane

In order for glycolysis to occur, ________ is not a factor.

oxygen

The major cation in extracellular fluid that is essential for normal membrane function is _____.

sodium

In oxidative phosphorylation, energy for the synthesis of ATP is provided by _____.

the movement of hydrogen ions through channels in the respiratory enzymes.

The major steps in oxidative phosphorylation include all of the following, except _____.

the rupture of carbon-carbon double bonds

cells must synthesize new organic compounds for all of the following, except ____

to produce water

The vitamin that prevents the destruction of vitamin A and fatty acids is vitamin _____.

E

Inside the mitochondrion, each pyruvic acid molecule _____.

loses a carbon atom

Lipoproteins containing triglycerides manufactured in the liver are transported to peripheral tissues are _____.

very low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs)