Chapter 26 : Bleeding

Which of the following splinting devices would be most appropriate to use for a patient who has an open fracture of the forearm with external bleeding? Select one: A. Air splint B. Vacuum splint C. Sling and swathe D. Cardboard splint

A. Air splint

Most cases of external bleeding from an extremity can be controlled by: Select one: A. applying local direct pressure. B. compressing a pressure point. C. packing the wound with gauze. D. elevating the injured extremity.

A. applying local direct pressure.

Bleeding from the nose following head trauma: Select one A. is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped. B. is usually due to hypertension caused by the head injury. C. should be controlled by packing the nostril with gauze. D. should be assumed to be caused by a fractured septum.

A. is a sign of a skull fracture and should not be stopped.

After applying a pressure dressing to a laceration on a patient's arm, you notice that blood is slowly beginning to saturate it. You should: Select one: A. place additional dressings over the wound. B. splint the arm and keep it below heart level. C. replace the dressing with another dressing. D. apply a tourniquet proximal to the wound.

A. place additional dressings over the wound.

The severity of bleeding should be based on all of the following findings, except: Select one: A. systolic blood pressure. B. clinical signs and symptoms C. the mechanism of iniury. D. poor general appearance.

A. systolic blood pressure.

External bleeding from a vein is relatively easy to control because: Select one: A. veins are under a lower pressure. B. veins hold smaller blood volume. C. veins carry deoxygenated blood. D. blood typically oozes from a vein.

A. veins are under a lower pressure.

fractured femur can result in the loss of _ question Select one: A. 2 L B. 1 L C. 250 mL D. 500 mL or more of blood into the soft tissues of the thigh.

B. 1 L

Which of the following organs can tolerate inadequate perfusion for two to three hours? Select one: A. Kidneys B. Skeletal muscle C. Brain D. Heart

B. Skeletal muscle

Which of the following body systems or components is the least critical for supplying and maintaining adequate blood flow to the body? Select one: A. An intact system of blood vessels B. The filtering of blood cells in the spleen C. An effectively pumping heart D. Adequate blood in the vasculature

B. The filtering of blood cells in the spleen

Which of the following findings would be the most significant when assessing a patient with possible internal bleeding? Select one. A. The patient has a history of hypertension. B. The patient takes rivaroxaban (Xarelto). C. The patient has not eaten in 24 hours. D. The patient had a stroke five years prior.

B. The patient takes rivaroxaban (Xarelto).

A 48-year-old male has a suspected open-book pelvic fracture. He is conscious but restless, and his skin is pale and diaphoretic. His respirations are 22 breaths/min and his pulse rate is 120 beats/min. There is no external bleeding noted. The EMT should: Select one: A. elevate his legs, keep him warm, and transport. B. apply a compression device around his pelvis. C. assess his blood pressure to detect hypotension. D. stabilize his pelvis by placing him onto his side.

B. apply a compression device around his pelvis.

A young male was shot in the abdomen by an unknown type of gun. Law enforcement personnel have ensured that the scene is safe. The patient is semiconscious, has shallow breathing, and is bleeding externally from the wound. As you control the external bleeding, your partner should: Select one: A. obtain baseline vital signs. B. assist the patient's ventilations. C. perform a secondary assessment. D. apply a nonrebreathing mask

B. assist the patient's ventilations.

An organ or tissue might better resist damage from hypoperfusion if the: Select one: A. systolic arterial blood pressure is at least 60 mm Hg. B. body's temperature is considerably less than 98.6°F (37.0°C). C. body's demand for oxygen is markedly increased. D. heart rate is maintained at more than 100 beats/min.

B. body's temperature is considerably less than 98.6°F (37.0°C).

The ability of a person's cardiovascular system to compensate for blood loss is most related to: Select one: A. how fast his or her heart beats. B. how rapidly he or she bleeds. C. the part of the body injured. D. his or her baseline blood pressure.

B. how rapidly he or she bleeds.

Hypoperfusion is another name for: Select one: A. cellular death. B. shock. C. hypoxemia. D. cyanosis

B. shock.

Capillaries link the arterioles and the: Select one: A. aorta. B. venules. C. cells. D. veins.

B. venules.

In older patients, the first indicator of nontraumatic internal bleeding might be: Select one: A. a heart rate over 120 beats/min. B. weakness or dizziness C. a low blood pressure. D. diaphoresis and pale skin.

B. weakness or dizziness

Significant vital sign changes will occur if the typical adult acutely loses more than ____ of his or her total blood volume. A. 5% B. 10% C. 20% D. 15%

C. 20%

Which of the following is not considered a basic technique when controlling bleeding? Question 8 Selectone. A. Pack the wound with a hemostatic impregnated gauze. B. Apply a tourniquet to an extremity above the level of the bleeding C. Apply a cervical collar and place the patient on a long backboard. D. Apply direct pressure over the wound with a dry, sterile dressing.

C. Apply a cervical collar and place the patient on a long backboard.

Perfusion is most accurately defined as the: Select one: A. effective removal of carbon dioxide and other metabolic waste products from the body's cells. B. ability of the systemic arteries to constrict as needed to maintain an adequate blood pressure. C. circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body's metabolic needs. D. effective transfer of oxygen from the venules across the systemic capillary membrane walls

C. circulation of blood within an organ in adequate amounts to meet the body's metabolic needs.

Gastrointestinal bleeding should be suspected if a patient presents with Select one: A. dyspnea. B. hemoptysis. C.hematemesis D.nematura.

C. hematemesis

Hypovolemic shock occurs when: Select one: A. the patient's systolic BP is less than 100 mm Hg. B. the clotting ability of the blood is enhanced. C. low fluid volume leads to inadequate perfusion. D. at least 10% of the patient's blood volume is lost.

C. low fluid volume leads to inadequate perfusion.

Internal bleeding into a fractured extremity is most often controlled by: Select one: A. applying a tourniquet. B. keeping the patient warm. C. splinting the extremity. D. applying chemical ice pack.

C. splinting the extremity.

All of the following should be addressed during the primary assessment except: Select one: A. airway obstruction. B. slow, shallow breathing. C. severe hemorrhage. D. capillary bleeding

D. capillary bleeding

In nontrauma patients, an early indicator of internal bleeding is: Select one: A. a decreasing blood pressure. B. a rapid, thready pulse. C. rapid, shallow breathing. D. dizziness upon standing.

D. dizziness upon standing.

Early signs and symptoms of intra-abdominal bleeding include Select one: A. widespread ecchymosis. B. significant hypotension. C. bruising only. D. pain and distention

D. pain and distention

After blunt trauma to the abdomen, a 21-year-old female complains of diffuse abdominal pain and pain to the left shoulder. Your assessment reveals that her abdomen is distended and tender to palpation. On the basis of these findings, you should be most suspicious of injury to the: Select one: A. pancreas. B. kidneys. C. gallbladder. D. spleen.

D. spleen.