chapter 26 prep u patho (disorders of blood flow and blood pressure regulation)

Which client is at greatest risk for orthostatic hypotension?

A 66-year-old postoperative client on bed rest

In which situation is blood most likely to be rapidly relocated from central circulation to the lower extremities?

A client is helped out of bed and stands up.

The nurse suspects a client has stage 2 systolic hypertension. What systolic pressure would confirm the nurse's suspicion?

140 mm Hg or higher

Select the response that best describes the pressure-sensitive receptors that respond to changes in the stretch of the vessel wall.

Baroreceptors

A pregnant female client is at risk for the development of preeclampsia-eclampsia. Select the most important data to assess.

Blood pressure 160/100 mm Hg and proteinuria during the 30th week of pregnancy

Which vascular changes can occur in older adults because of the increase in blood pressure during the aging process?

Decreased elasticity in arterial connective tissue

The client has been diagnosed with impaired blood flow in the deep venous channels of her legs. The nurse explains that the most common cause of this condition is:

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

A client presents to the emergency department with a sudden onset of acute pain in his left lower leg. The practitioner is unable to palpate pedal pulses and finds the client to be in atrial fibrillation. Which test will the practitioner order to find the source of the emboli?

Echocardiogram

The nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who is experiencing angina. Which finding might be expected in a client with dyslipidemia?

Elevated total cholesterol

A client has been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. Which lab result would the practitioner expect?

Elevation of triglycerides

Which intervention by the client will decrease overall cardiovascular risk?

Higher levels of fitness and exercise

The health care provider is teaching a client about modifiable risk factors for atherosclerosis. The most appropriate information to provide would be:

Hypertension

A teenager is diagnosed with hypertension. The nurse knows that risk factors for hypertension in children and adolescents include which of these? Select all that apply.

Inactive lifestyle High salt consumption Obesity

The student attends a health fair and has his serum cholesterol checked. He has a high lipoprotein level (LDL). He understands which of the following about LDL cholesterol?

It is believed to play an active role in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesion

The nurse's brother is not convinced that he should quit smoking. He asks his sister (the nurse) to demonstrate for him the more immediate effects of smoking on his health. Which of the following could be used to help convince the brother to stop smoking?

Measure his blood pressure and show him how much higher it is when he is smoking.

Which of the following are characteristic signs of acute arterial embolism?

Pallor, pulselessness, and pain

A client presents to the emergency department reporting bilateral cyanosis and pallor of the fingers after being out in the cold weather for 5 minutes. The toes are of normal color. What is a potential diagnosis for this client?

Raynaud disease

A client asks why his blood pressure pills seem to make him go to the bathroom to urinate frequently when they are not water pills (diuretics). Which physiologic process explains the long-term regulation of blood pressure most accurately?

Renal monitoring and adjustment of extracellular fluid volume

A client is pregnant for the first time and is considered to be at high risk for preeclampsia. The care team should prioritize which intervention?

Vigilant blood pressure monitoring

The nurse is developing a plan of care for a postsurgical client. A major goal is to prevent the formation of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which nursing intervention should the nurse implement?

apply sequential pneumatic compression devices to lower extremities

An older adult client is newly diagnosed with hypertension. Which vascular changes in the aging adult can lead to hypertension?

decreased elasticity of the aorta and large arteries