Chapter 27 & 28
When did Jews in Palestine proclaim the state of Israel?
After the British withdrew from Palestine in 1948
How did the Soviet Union and eastern European Communist regimes treat displaced persons returning home from the West after the war?
As politically untrustworthy because of their exposure to Western society
Which characteristics did Communist and Fascist dictatorships share?
Both initiated social engineering projects to replace individualism with a collective will.
Why, at least partially, did Britain adopt a policy of appeasement in its relationship with Hitler?
British conservative leaders underestimated Hitler and saw him as a buffer against the Soviets
As practiced in the 1930s, appeasement was
British policy that aimed to give Hitler whatever he wanted in order to avoid war.
Which countries in August 1939 signed a nonaggression pact that led directly to war?
Germany and the Soviet Union
Which statement accurately describes the "Europe first" policy adopted by the Allied powers during World War II?
Germany would be defeated before the Allies mounted an all-out assault on Japan.
Why did Stalin call for the mass murder of the kulaks?
He believed that as landowners they would eventually embrace conservative capitalism and become great enemies of socialist progress.
Why did Hitler have the leadership of the SA storm troopers, roughly 100 individuals, killed in 1934?
He wanted to win the support of the traditional military, but the SA leaders had expected appointment to top positions in the army.
The target of the first of two atomic bombs dropped on Japan in 1945 was
Hiroshima.
How did the United States respond to the decolonization movement in the first years after the Second World War?
It encouraged European nations to release their former colonies.
Which statement describes the effect of Lenin's 1921 New Economic Policy (NEP)?
It encouraged peasants to sell their surpluses in free markets and permitted private traders and small manufacturers to do business again.
Which statement describes an accomplishment of the Marshall Plan?
It prevented economic collapse in western Europe.
Who was the only Communist leader able to successfully resist Soviet domination?
Josip Broz Tito
The international military tribunal organized by the four Allied powers to try the highest-ranking Nazi military and civilian leaders was held in the city of
Nuremberg
Which battle was the decisive turning point in the clash between the Soviet Union and Germany?
Stalingrad
Which statement best describes the Holocaust?
The Nazi effort to systematically exterminate all European Jews during the Second World War
According to Hitler's New Order, which European race was considered subhuman along with the Jews?
The Slavic race
At the time of the Yalta Conference in 1945, why was the position of the Soviet Union much stronger in negotiations with the United States and Great Britain?
The Soviet army already occupied much of eastern Europe.
The following is an excerpt from Fedor Belov's account of life on a collective farm in the Soviet Ukraine in the early 1930s (Evaluating Written Evidence):"By late 1932 more than 80 per cent of the peasant households in the raion [district] had been collectivized. . . . That year the peasants harvested a good crop and had hopes that the calculations would work out to their advantage and would help strengthen them economically. These hopes were in vain. The kolkhoz workers received only 200 grams of flour per labor day for the first half of the year; the remaining grain, including the seed fund, was taken by the government. The peasants were told that industrialization of the country, then in full swing, demanded grain and sacrifices from them."According to Belov, how did the government justify taking almost all of the peasants' harvest?
The grain was needed to help keep up the pace of industrialization.
How did the Nazis seek to legitimize their racial policies?
They established research institutes and academies that measured and defined racial differences to disguise prejudice as science.
Why did Stalin and his supporters sponsor the first five-year plan?
They feared a gradual restoration of capitalism and, more importantly, wanted to catch up with the West and overcome traditional Russian "backwardness."
Which statement describes the duties of the German Einsatzgruppen (Special Task Forces)?
They followed the German army into central Europe, systematically murdering "undesirables" as they moved from town to town.
Khrushchev's "secret speech" at the Twentieth Party Congress in 1956 was
a condemnation of Stalin, his cult of personality, and his crimes.
The Allies adopted the principle of the unconditional surrender of Germany and Japan in order to
further encourage mutual trust among the Allies.
In the Lateran Agreement, how did Mussolini resolve the status of the Catholic Church in Italy?
he Vatican was recognized as an independent state and received heavy support from the Italian state.
The ultimate goal of the plan for an international organization to coordinate coal and steel production in Europe in the 1950s was to
prevent war between its members.
Germany's goal in the 1940 Battle of Britain was to
provide a warning to the United States against entering the war.
Which statement describes the purpose of the Enabling Act in 1933?
t gave Hitler dictatorial powers for four years.
The regimes of Joseph Stalin in the Soviet Union, Benito Mussolini in Italy, and Adolf Hitler in Germany were all
totalitarian
Britain and France finally threatened Hitler with war when he
used the pretext of German minorities in Danzig to threaten Poland.