Chapter 27; Cardiovascular and Lymphatics

four separate congenital heart defects

tetralogy of Fallot

The medical assistant who is providing patient education aimed at reducing risk for heart disease should make all of the following statements EXCEPT:

"Eliminate salt from your diet"

The medical assistant realizes that his patient needs further teaching about risks for heart disease when she makes the following statement:

"thank goodness my diabetes won't have any effect on my hypertension"

The medical assistant who is teaching her patient about atrial fibrillation should make all of the following comments EXCEPT:

"the condition often requires surgery"

Ischemia

-can lead to myocardial infarction -blood is held back from an area -can be caused by thrombotic occlusion of a blood vessel -may be a result of coronary artery disease

What is the approximate time for one cardiac cycle?

0.8 sec

What is the universal standard for recording an ECG?

25mm/sec

What is the average heart rate?

72bpm

Disease of the heart muscle:

Cardiomyopathy

Which of the following statements is true regarding hypertension?

It is known as a silent killer because most people are asymptomatic until complications arise

Which is NOT true of the SA node?

It is known as the pacemaker of the heart

All of the following abbreviations are matched to the correct definition EXCEPT:

PCP: percutaneous coronary procedure

All of the following abbreviations are matched to the correct definition EXCEPT:

PT: partial thrombectomy

Saclike membrane surrounding the heart:

Pericardium

Which of the following is the proper conduction sequence?

SA node>AV node> bundle of His> Purkinje fibers

All of the following statements are true regarding aneurysm EXCEPT:

a common examination finding in those with brain aneurysm is a murmur.

patent

closed

Which of the following statements is true regarding heart failure?

Those at greatest risk for developing heart failure include African Americans and elderly

Located between the left upper and lower chamber of the heart:

Tricuspid valve; mitral valve?

Which of the following actions should the medical assistant take if the baseline of an ECG is off center?

adjust the stylus

A local widening of an artery:

aneurysm

Starting with the deoxygenated blood entering the heart via the inferior and superior vena cava, the next step in the flow of blood is??

blood enters into the left atrium

Cyanosis

bluish coloration of the skin

What is the function of veins?

carry deoxygenated blood to the heart

What is the function of arteries?

carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart

Angina

chest pain relieved with nitoglycerin

Blood vessels branching from the aorta to carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle:

coronary arteries

What is erythrocytopenia?

deficiency of red blood cells

Contraction phase of the heartbeat:

diastole

digitalis

drug used to strengthen the heartbeat

depolarization

electrical change in cells in which the inside becomes positive in relation to the outside

Which of the following is the inner layer of the heart?

endocardium

A 67-year-old man presents to the urgent care clinic complaining of a squeezing sensation in his chest and difficulty breathing. The medical assistant should respond in all of the following ways EXCEPT:

escorting him to a treatment room, applying oxygen, and having him rest while waiting his turn to be seen

cardiac arrhythmia

fibrillation

ECHO

high frequency sound waves are transmitted into the chest

the cause of essential hypertension is

idiopathic

endocarditis

infection or inflammation of the valves and inner lining of the heart

Phlebitis:

inflammation of a vein

What does the term thrombophlebitis mean?

inflammation of a vein in the presence of a clot

arrythmia

irregular heart rhythm

Which of the following structures separates the right atrium from the right ventricle?

mitral valve

click-murmur syndrome

mitral valve prolapse

Acute infection with the Epstein-Barr virus, which causes sore throat, fever, fatigue, and enlarged lymph nodes, is known as:

mononucleosis

incision of a vein

phlebotomy

A condition sometimes following deep vein thrombosis in which the individual experiences chronic edema and aching is known as:

postphlebitic syndrome

Which of the following statements is true regarding myocardial infarction?

presenting symptoms may be different in women than in men

phagocytosis

process in which white blood cells engulf and destroy microorganisms, foreign antigens, and cell debris

A blood vessel that carries oxygen-poor blood from heart to lungs:

pulmonary artery

What pulse point is located int the wrist?

radial

anemia

reduction in the mass of circulating red blood cells

CK,LD, and AST(SGOT) are

serum enzymes

Sensitive tissue in the right atrium wall that begins the heartbeat:

sinoatrial node

What does the term arteriole mean?

small artery

petechiae

small, pinpoint hemorrhages

petechiae

small,purplish, hemorrhagic spots on the skin that appear in patients with platelet deficiencies and in many febrile illnesses

What is a hematologist?

specialist in the study of blood

Instrument to measure blood pressure:

sphygmomanometer

Which of the following is NOT a component of the cardiovascular system?

spleen

What does the term angioedema mean?

swelling of a vessel

What are the lower chambers of the heart?

ventricles