Chapter 27 Questions

Gentlemen's Agreement

Agreed to stop the flow of laborers to the mainland by withholding passports

Define Blaine's "Big Sister Policy"

Aimed at rallying Latin american nations behind American leadership and opening Latin American markets to Yankee traders

What were a few of Teddy Roosevelt's personal beliefs and how did he view the power of the presidency

Believed the president should lead boldly. Had no respect for checks and balances. Felt the president may take action in the general interest that is not specifically forbidden by the constitution.

Define the reasons of the Boxer Rebellion and it's outcome

Boxers murdered more than 200 foreigners and thousands of Chinese Christians and besieged the foreign diplomatic community in Beijing because they did not want to be used as a doormat. In the end, 18K soldiers quelled the rebellion and demanded an indemnity of 333 million.

Explain the incidences in Chile and Venezuela and define their significance

Chile: American demands on Chile after the deaths of 2 soldiers caused hostilities. The threat of an attack alarmed the pacific coast until they finally paid. SIGNIFICANCE: The willingness of America to wage war over minor disputes created an aggressive new national mood. Venezuela: Gold was discovered and the British Guinea tried to claim that gold. Richard Olney called it a violation of the Monroe Doctrine and said the US would fight if the British didn't understand the boundary. SIGNIFICANCE: This caused reconciliation between Britain and the US.

Define the provisions of the treaty of paris

Cuba would become independent Spain would give Puerto Rico and Guam to the us us would pay Spain 20 million for the annexation of the Philippine islands

Insurrectos

Cuban insurgents who sought freedom from colonial Spanish rule. Their destructive tactics threatened American economic interests in Cuban plantations and railroads.

State and explain several reasons for American expansionism in the 1890s

Economic: Us needed new markets for its products Political/Military: increase of foreign military powers led US to build up its military Countries claimed the need to spread civilization. Josiah Strong's "our country: it's possible future and it's present crisis" inspired missionaries to look for new people to convert overseas

Why did Teddy Roosevelt receive the Nobel Peace Prize

For achieving the agreement at the Portsmouth conference and for helping to arrange an international conference at Algeciras, Spain.

What were the significances of the Splendid Little War

Further closings of the bloody chasm of the North and South New Martial spirit thrilled America US became a full fledged far eastern power

Why did Americans want Hawaii and what was Cleveland's response? When will it be annexed?

Hawaii was a way station and provisioning point for Yankee shippers, sailors, and whalers and an important center for sugar production. Cleveland withdrew the treaty for annexation because he believed the country wronged queen Liliuokalani. Hawaii was annexed in 1898

Dr. Walter Reed and Col. William Gorgas:

Launched a frontal attack on yellow fever. Preformed experiments to wipe out yellow fever in Havana

Platt Amendment

Limited Cuba's treaty-making abilities, controlled its debt, and stipulated that the US could intervene militarily to restore order when it saw fit

Define the capturing of Manilla, the Battle of San Juan Hill, and the Rough Riders

Manilla: George Dewey sailed into Manilla, trained his guns the next morning, and quickly destroyed the vessels with four hundred Spaniards killed. Rough Riders:Led by Teddy Roosevelt were part of the invading army Embarked at Tampa, FL. The character of the men caused Santiago to surrender. San Juan Hill: 17k men suffered many casualties but closed in on Santiago and he surrendered. Last battle of the Spanish-American War.

Why did McKinley believe that the US must keep the Philippines? Chronicle the rest of this decision to stay in the Philippines and not leave until 1946

Mckinley believed that the Philippines might fall to anarchy if left alone and could result in a war that the US could get sucked into. The results of this action caused the formation of the anti-imperialists league.

Election of 1900-Who ran for the respective parties and what were their positions on the issues of the day

Mckinley: republican. William Jennings Bryan: Democrat

Root Takahira Agreement

Pledged both powers to respect each other's territorial possessions in the pacific and to uphold the Open Door in China.

Define the Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine in Latin America and give examples and explain its impact on relations with Latin American countries

Policy of "preventive intervention" that stipulated that the US would retain a right to intervene in the domestic affairs of Latin American nations in order to restore military and financial order. Ex. When US took over the management of the tariff collecting in the Dominican Republic

What prominent Americans were part of the Anti-Imperialist League and what were their arguments

Presidents of Harvard and Stanford, Mark Twain, Andrew Carnegie, Samuel Gompers. They protested American colonial oversight in the Philippines, believed the Philippinos "thirsted for freedom"; imperialism was costly and unlikely to turn a profit, despotism abroad begets despotism at home, annexation would propel the US into the political and military cauldron of East Asia.

William Randolph Hearst

Publicized a private letter from the Spanish minister in Washington and made up stories to outdo Pulitzer

Sailing of the Great White Fleet

Roosevelt sent out the entire navy fleet to go on a voyage around the world

What were the background events leading to the Open Door policy. Define it.

Russia and Germany began tearing away valuable leaseholds and economic spheres of influence from the Manchu government. The Open Door Policy sought to ensure access to the Chinese market for the US despite the fact that the US did not have a formal Sphere of Influence in China

San Francisco School Incident

San Francisco school ordered the segregation of Chinese, Japanese, and Korean students to free space for whites

According to the Supreme Court were the inhabitants of conquered territories subjects or US citizens

Subjects to American rule that did not enjoy all the American rights

What occurred at the Portsmouth conference and how did it impact relations with Russia and Japan

Teddy Roosevelt guided the warring parties to a settlement that satisfied neither side and left the Japanese especially resentful. Relations with Russia soured and japan felt cheated out of its due compensation and became rivals with the US.

How did the US come to acquire the land for the Panama Canal? What were the significances both economically and diplomatically of the building of the canal?

The Hay-Pouncefote treaty gave US a free hand to build the canal and the right to fortify it. The canal would augment the strength of the navy by increasing mobility, make easier the defense of Puerto Rico, Hawaii, and the Philippines.

USS Maine Incident

The Maine was sent over to Cuba to protect and evacuate Americans but it mysteriously blew up, which was accidental, but Americans blamed the Spanish.

Teller Amendment

Told to the world that when the US had overthrown Spanish misrule, it would give Cuba its freedom. Testified to anti-imperialist designs of the initial war plans

De Lome letter

described president McKinley in unflattering terms. Forced Dupuy's resignation and infuriated the public.

General "Butcher" Weyler

undertook to crush the rebellion by herding many civilizations into barbed wire re-concentration camps where they could not give assistance to insurrectos

Yellow Journalism

using sensationalism in reporting