Chapter 27 : Soft Tissue Injuries

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 35-year-old patient? Select one: A. Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest B. Superficial burn covering 50% of the body surface area C. Full-thickness burn to 5% of the body surface area D. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area

A. Circumferential partial-thickness burn to the chest

A closed soft-tissue injury characterized by swelling and ecchymosis is called a(n): Select one: A. contusion. B. abrasion. C. crush injury. D. hematoma

A. contusion

According to the rule of palm method for estimating the extent of a patient's burns, the palm of the patient's hand is equal to of his or her total body surface area. Select one: A. 4% B. 1% C. 2% D. 6%

B. 1%

In which of the following patients should you remove an impaled object? Select one: A. A semiconscious patient with an ice pick impaled in the chest B. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back C. An apneic patient with a shard of glass impaled in the abdomen D. A conscious and alert patient with a fishhook impaled in the eye

B. A pulseless and apneic patient with a knife impaled in the back

What layer of the skin forms a watertight, protective seal for the body? Select one: A. Dermis B. Epidermis C. Muscular layer D. Subcutaneous layer

B. Epidermis

In addition to severe bleeding, the most life-threatening complication associated with an open neck injury is: Select one: A. nerve fiber damage B. an air embolism. C. an ischemic stroke. D. a spinal fracture.

B. an air embolism.

You have applied a dressing and roller-gauze bandage to a laceration on the arm of a young female. During transport, she begins to complain of numbness and tingling in her hand. You should: Select one: A. carefully manipulate her arm until the symptoms subside. B. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed. C. remove the gauze bandage and replace it with an elastic one. D. remove the bandage and dressing and apply another one.

B. assess distal circulation and readjust the bandage as needed.

An injury that separates various layers of soft tissue, resulting in complete detachment or a flap of skin, is called a(n): Select one: A. incision. B. avulsion. C. amputation. D. laceration.

B. avulsion.

When caring for a patient whose arm is covered with a dry chemical, you should Select one: A. quickly irrigate the arm with large amounts of water. B. brush away the chemical before flushing with water. C. deactivate the chemical with a 5% vinegar solution. D. use forceful streams of water to remove the chemical.

B. brush away the chemical before flushing with water.

Functions of dressings and bandages include all of the following, except. Select one: A. prevention of contamination. B. immobilization of the injury. C. control of external hemorrhage. D. protection from further injury.

B. immobilization of the injury.

A utility worker was trimming branches and was electrocuted when he accidentally cut a high-power line. He fell approximately 20 feet and is lying unresponsive on the ground; the power line is lying across his chest. You should: Select one: A. manually stabilize his head as your partner assesses for breathing. B. rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live. C. apply insulated gloves and assume manual control of his cervical spine. D. quickly but carefully move the patient away from the power line

B. rapidly assess the patient after ensuring that the power line is not live.

You are assessing a 30-year-old woman with multiple large bruises to her chest and abdomen that she experienced during an assault. She is conscious but restless, and her skin is cool and pale. You should be most concerned with: Select one: A. assessing the bruises that overlie major organs in the chest and abdomen. B. the fact that her clinical signs could indicate that she is bleeding internally. C. performing a detailed secondary assessment to locate all of her injuries D. obtaining a complete set of vital signs to rule out the possibility of shock

B. the fact that her clinical signs could indicate that she is bleeding internally.

Functions of the skin include all of the following, except: Select one: A. sending information to the brain. B. the production of key antibodies. C. maintenance of water balance. D. regulation of body temperature.

B. the production of key antibodies.

Which of the following areas of the body has the thinnest skin? Select one: A. Scalp B. Back C. Ears D. Soles of the feet

C. Ears

Which of the following statements regarding the rule of nines is correct? Select one: A. The anterior arm in the adult is equal to 9% of the total body surface area. B. The posterior of a child's leg is equal to 13.5% of the body surface area. C. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the body surface area. D. A child's head is equal to 14% of his or her total body surface area.

C. The anterior trunk of an adult is equal to 18% of the body surface area.

In contrast to animal bites, the bite of a human: Select one: A. typically results in a minor infection that is slow-spreading. B. is usually less severe because the human mouth is cleaner. C. carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria and viruses. D. is associated with a much higher incidence of rabies infection.

C. carries with it a wide variety of virulent bacteria and viruses.

Burns are classified according to: Select one: A. location and pain. B. degree and location. C. depth and extent. D. extent and location.

C. depth and extent.

A partial-thickness burn involves the outer layer of skin and a portion of the: Select one: A. muscle fascia. B. epidermis. C. dermal layer. D. fatty layer.

C. dermal layer.

In addition to external bleeding, the most significant risk that an open soft-tissue injury exposes a patient to is: Select one: A. hypothermia. B. vessel damage. C. infection. D. nerve damage.

C. infection.

A hematoma develops when: Select one: A. severe swelling compromises arterial circulation. B. cells and small vessels in the dermis are damaged. C. large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged. D. small amounts of blood leak into the epidermis.

C. large blood vessels beneath the skin are damaged.

All of the following body structures are lined with mucous membranes, except for the: Select one: A. nose. B. mouth. C. lips. D. anus.

C. lips.

During the normal wound-healing process, bleeding might occur from even a minor injury because: Select one: A. histamines released by the immune system constrict the blood vessels, which increases the pressure within them. B. bacteria and other microorganisms invade the wound site and damage the capillaries, which makes them more prone to bleeding. C. new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries D. there is a substantial decrease in the number of platelets in and around the wound, which increases the risk of bleeding

C. new capillaries that stem from intact capillaries are delicate and take time to become as stable as the preexisting capillaries

When assessing a patient with a closed soft-tissue injury, it is most important to: Select one: A. assess circulation distal to the site of the injury. B. manipulate the injury site for signs of a fracture. C. remain alert for more severe underlying injuries. D. recognize that the integrity of the skin is broken.

C. remain alert for more severe underlying injuries.

A burn that is characterized by redness and pain is classified as a Select one: A. full-thickness burn. B. partial-thickness burn. C. superficial burn. D. second-degree burn.

C. superficial burn.

Which of the following is a severe burn in a 65-year-old patient? Select one: A. Full-thickness burn to 1% of the body surface area B. Superficial burn to 30% of the body surface area C. Second-degree burn covering 10% of the body surface area D. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area

D. Partial-thickness burn to 20% of the body surface area

When treating a partial-thickness burn, you should: Select one: A. immerse the affected part in warm water. B. rupture any blisters to prevent an infection. C. cover the burn with a moist, sterile dressing. D. avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics.

D. avoid the use of creams, lotions, or antiseptics.

A 30-year-old male experienced a crushing injury when his forearm was trapped between the back of a truck and a loading dock. Upon your arrival, the man's arm has been freed. Your assessment reveals that his arm is obviously deformed and swollen and is cold and pale. Further assessment reveals an absent radial pulse. You should be most concerned that this patient has: Select one: A. a severe closed fracture. B. damage to the radial nerve. C. internal hemorrhage. D. compartment syndrome.

D. compartment syndrome.

An abdominal evisceration: Select one: A. often causes severe hypothermia because of heat loss. B. should be covered with bulky dry, sterile dressings. C. is most commonly the result of blunt force trauma. D. occurs when organs protrude through an open wound.

D. occurs when organs protrude through an open wound.

Burns to pediatric patients are generally considered more serious than burns to adults because: Select one: A. most burns in children are the result of child abuse. B. pediatric patients have a proportionately larger volume of blood. C. pediatric patients are more prone to hyperthermia. D. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.

D. pediatric patients have more surface area relative to total body mass.

A 56-year-old male has an incomplete avulsion to his right forearm. After controlling any bleeding from the wound, you should: Select one: A. carefully remove the avulsed flap and wrap it in a moist, sterile trauma dressing. B. thoroughly irrigate the wound with sterile water and cover it with a sterile dressing C. carefully probe the wound to determine if the bleeding is venous or arterial. D. replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing.

D. replace the avulsed flap to its original position and cover it with a sterile dressing.