Chapter 27 World War I

How many people died in World War I

8.5 million

What do most historians believe about World War I?

All parties were to blame for the war

The alliance of France, Britain, and Russia

Allies

Which new technology helped create a stalemate on the Western Front

Automatic machine guns

The assassination of Archduke Francis Ferdinand took place in

Bosnia

The alliance of Germany and Austria-Hungary

Central Powers

Wilson's Fourteen Points called for self-determination for

Eastern Europe

The Allies included

France, Great Britain, Italy, and Russia

__________ was assassinated in Sarajevo in 1914.

Franz Ferdinand

__________, a member of the revolutionary group the Black Hand, assassinated an archduke

Gavrilo Princip

Why did the British feel threatened by Germany?

German factories outproduced British factories

The Central Powers included

Germany, Austria Hungrary , Ottoman Empire, Bulgaria

What effort did Alfred Nobel make toward peace?

He created a peace prize

Why were some colonized peoples unhappy with the terms of the peace conference?

Imperial rule was not ended

What move towards lasting peace was made by the First Universal Peace Conference?

It formed a world court to settle disputes between nations

The establishment of the __________ was Wilson's most important goal at the peace conference.

League of nations

Followers believed that all Slavic peoples shared a common nationality

Pan Slavism

What country gained its independence following World War I?

Poland

How did the map of Europe change between 1914 and 1920

Poland was reestablished as a nation

Which power had the largest standing army in 1914

Russia

Who was (were) angered by Archduke Ferdinand's visit to Bosnia?

Serbian revolutionaries

How did the Germans first respond to the assassination of the archduke?

They urged Austria-Hungary to stand firm against Serbia

The Germans resented the terms of the

Treaty of Versailles

Which of the following was true of women during the war

Women played a critical role in the war effort

Which of the following was a leading cause of international tension in the early 1900s?

aggressive nationalism

What was one result of militarism?

an arms race

Which of the following helped to start WWI?

an assassination

An agreement to end fighting

armistice

Horrible acts against innocent people

atrocity

How did Germany respond when Russia began to mobilize for war?

by declaring war on Russia

How were American soldiers the most help to the Allied effort?

by providing a morale boost

What brought France and Germany twice to the brink of war in the early 1900s?

competition for colonies

Which of the following was imposed on Germany by the Treaty of Versailles?

limits on the size of its military

In theory, ___________ were to be modernized until they could "stand alone."

mandates

Glorification of the military

militarism

When Austria refused to soften its demands, Russia began to __________, or prepare its military for war

mobilize

__________ is a policy of supporting neither side in a war

neutrality

The spreading of ideas to promote a cause or damage an opposing cause

propaganda

How did governments pay for the war?

raising taxes and borrowing money

The _______ imposed by the Allies on Germany totaled over $30 billion.

reparations

Why did women give up their jobs at the end of the war?

returning soldiers wanted the jobs

Which of the following was a cost of WWI?

the deaths of 8.5 million people

What did conservatives fear would happen in the chaotic climate after the war?

the spread of communism

What was the main intention of the alliances formed among European nations?

to discourage outside attacks

Why did governments censor the press during the war?

to prevent discouraging news from reaching the public

Why did the British declare war on Germany?

to protect Belgium

What promise did Vladimir Lenin make and keep when he came to power in Russia?

to pull Russia out of the war

What goal for the postwar peace was shared by the British and French leaders?

to weaken Germany and make it pay for the war

The channeling of a nation's entire resources into a war effort

total war

After the assassination, Austria sent Serbia an ____________, or final set of demands.

ultimatum

Which of the following helped to persuade Americans to enter the war?

unrestricted submarine warfare