Chapter 3 350
People who possess the personality trait of Machiavellianism support delegation of authority, power, and control to subordinates.
FALSE
The concept of Machiavellianism is based on what publication?
The Prince
_________ are superior in technical tasks and problems and inferior in interpersonal learning settings.
convergers
_________ depend on abstract conceptualization and active experimentation in order to learn.
convergers
Jim has the ability to balance anxiety, fear, and anger and still get the job done. Jim possesses which component of emotional intelligence?
managing emotions
People with an internal locus of control, as compared to those with an external locus of control, tend to be ______ socially integrated at work and report ______ favorable relationships with their supervisors.
more, more
Jane is relatively calm, poised, and secure. Jane's boss is more excitable, insecure, and reactive. Jane and her boss differ in their level of which personality trait described in the Big Five personality framework?
Neuroticism
Emotional intelligence includes all of the following EXCEPT
locus of control
General mental ability involves which of the following?
All of these
Which of the "Big Five" personality dimensions refers to being sociable, assertive, talkative, and energetic?
extroversion
George believes that he was promoted and given a raise based upon his hard work on the job. George has
an internal locus of control.
If you accept orders from your supervisor solely because he or she is "the boss," you are highly
authoritarian
Hank has always been a social person, and he enjoys working with people. Pressured by his parents to pick a "real" major, he got a degree in chemistry and now spends every day at work alone in a dank lab. Peter is regretting his decision to go into science as a career because he has very little social contact.
Person-vocation fit
What term refers to the fit between an individual's abilities, values, and personality and her profession?
person-vocation fit
___________ people are detail oriented and want facts.
sensing
A supervisor who experiments with new ideas, takes a chance with new products, and leads his or her department in new directions has high
risk propensity.
John truly believes that he can achieve his goal of selling 10 cars each month. This belief reflects John's
self-efficacy.
If you are proud of your accomplishments yet look forward to achieving higher levels of performance and are confident in your abilities, you have high
self-esteem
If you have the ability to understand how others feel, even without being told, you have the ability to
show empathy
Eighty one percent of bullying behavior is done by whom?
supervisors
Interpersonal intelligence is most important for whom?
teachers
What term refers to a repeated mistreatment of another employee through verbal abuse, conduct that is threatening, humiliating, or intimidating, or sabotage that interferes with the other person's work?
workplace bullying
Agreeableness includes being
all of these
Olga often criticizes others for being "too logical." She believes that logic is a lie people tell themselves to justify making cold, cruel, or outright immoral decisions. When asked to make hard choices, Olga bases her decisions on what is best for the people she cares about.
feeling
Amelia is less interested in facts than in the patterns and relationships among them.
intuition
Hosanna is decisive. In a group, she's usually the first person to take stock of the essential information and formulate a plan.
judging
Lenny prides himself on his adaptability. He hates making final decisions and, as a result, often misses his deadlines.
perceiving
Liang is uncomfortable making an important decision unless he feels that he has all of the facts.
sensing
Bodily-kinesthetic intelligence is most important for whom?
Firefighters
_______________ reflects a tendency to perceive or interpret information marked by vague, incomplete, fragmented, multiple, inconsistent, or contradictory meanings as actual or potential sources of psychological discomfort or threat.
Low tolerance for ambiguity
The ____ is among the most popular personality selection instruments used today in business.
MBTI
What type of personality has been defined as someone who "employs aggressive, manipulative, exploiting, and devious moves to achieve personal or organizational objectives?"
Machiavellian
____ is behavior directed at gaining power and controlling the behavior of others.
Machiavellianism
What term refers to the manner in which individuals process and organize information during learning?
information processing capacity
What term refers to an interpersonal capability that includes the ability to perceive and express emotions, to understand and use them, and to manage emotions in oneself and other people?
emotional intelligence
A/an ___________ locus of control is related to passivity and learned helplessness and a/an __________ locus of control has been positively related to confidence in one's ability to successfully perform tasks.
external, internal
Which term refers to the capacity to rapidly and fluidly acquire, process, and apply information?
general mental ability
Which of Gardner's multiple intelligences refers to self-awareness?
intrapersonal
The motto of a/an ___________ is "ready, aim, aim," whereas the motto of a/an ____________ is "ready, fire, aim."
introvert, extrovert
__________ need quiet time to recharge their batteries
introverts
_________ value fairness, and decide things impersonally based on objective criteria and logic.
thinkers
Alf prides himself on his objectivity and on his ability not to let his emotions get in his way when making decisions.
thinking
Linguistic intelligence is most important for whom?
translators
___________ bullying victims sue or complain to state or federal agencies.
very few
Which of the "Big Five" personality dimensions is associated with being anxious, depressed, angry, and insecure?
neuroticism
People with a high level of ____ are willing to listen to new ideas and to change their own ideas, beliefs, and attitudes in response to new information
openness
Jyoti is very happy with her work team. Everyone supports each other and is responsible about meeting both individual and team goals, making Jyoti enjoy coming to work even though she actually doesn't like many aspects of that job all that much.
person-group fit
What term refers to the fit between an individual and her coworkers and supervisor?
person-group fit
The extent to which the contributions made by an individual match the inducements offered by the organization is referred to as
person-job fit
Google has a strong culture of innovation, which Leila really likes. She previously worked at Microsoft, and although her job there was almost identical, she's much happier now that she's in a less bureaucratic, more innovative environment that supports autonomy and smart risk taking.
person-organization fit
What term refers to the fit between an individual's values, beliefs, attitudes, and personality and the values, norms, and culture of the organization?
person-organization fit
Logical-mathematical intelligence is most important for whom?
statisticians
How many personality types are there according to the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator?
16
What percent of the U.S. workforce reports either being bullied at work or witnessing bullying?
50
_________ rely mainly on active experimentation and concrete experience in order to learn, and they focus on risk taking, opportunity seeking, and action.
Accommodators
_________ tend to deal with people easily and specialize in action-oriented jobs, such as marketing and sales.
Accommodators
_________ tend to focus on the logical soundness and preciseness of ideas, rather than the ideas' practical values; they tend to work in research and planning units.
Assimilators
Workplace bullying can include which of the following?
all of these
Spatial-visual intelligence is most important for whom?
artists
________ depend on abstract conceptualization and reflective observation in order to learn.
assimilators
_________ are superior in generating alternative hypotheses and ideas, and tend to be imaginative and people- or feeling-oriented.
divergers
_________ depend on concrete experience and reflective observation in order to learn.
divergers
Authoritarianism is the belief that power and status differences are not appropriate within hierarchical social systems such as organizations.
FALSE
Openness involves the ability to get along with others on the job.
FALSE
Personality attributes are usually considered to be unstable and fluctuating.
FALSE
The big five personality traits are a set of fundamental traits that are not especially relevant to organizations.
FALSE
A manager with strong emotional intelligence is able to overcome his or her empathy when dealing with others.
FALSE
A person who is upbeat and optimistic, has an overall sense of well-being, and can see things in a positive light is said to possess positive Machiavellianism.
FALSE
A person who tries to gain power and control over others in the workplace scores high in Machiavellianism.
TRUE
A person's locus of control is the extent to which a person believes circumstances are a function of either his/her own actions or of external factors beyond his/her control.
TRUE
A person's self-efficacy is that person's beliefs about his or her capabilities to perform a task.
TRUE
Empathy, managing emotions, and social skill are components of emotional intelligence.
TRUE
Individual differences are personal attributes that vary from one person to another person.
TRUE
Managers with high emotional intelligence are expected to perform well in jobs that require a high degree of interpersonal interaction.
TRUE
People with high neuroticism often experience difficulties when dealing with stress.
TRUE
Person-job fit is the extent to which the contributions made by the individual match the inducements offered by the organization.
TRUE
Which of the following statements regarding assessing employees' "Big Five" personality traits is true?
The "Big Five" personality traits are based primarily on research conducted in the United States.
People who are impatient, competitive, ambitious, and uptight are said to have what personality type?
Type A
People who are relaxed and easy going are said to have what personality type?
Type B
Which of the following best describes the role of circumstances in assessing individual differences?
Whether specific differences that characterize a person are good or bad depends on circumstances.
Which of the "Big Five" personality dimensions is associated with being polite, good-natured, cooperative, forgiving?
agreeableness
Being tolerant of ambiguity is related to which of the following?
all of these
Bullying costs employers through which of the following?
all of these
General mental ability tests examine which of the following?
all of these
Individuals targeted by bullies sometimes suffer from which of the following?
all of these
People who are _______________ seem to be more likely to be bullied.
all of these
What is personality a product of?
both heredity and the environment
Personality affects which of the following?
choice of career
Which of the following is NOT one of the seven universal emotions?
confusion
Research has found that ____ people tend to be higher performers in a variety of jobs.
conscientious
Individuals who score high in ____ tend to take their jobs seriously and act responsibly at work.
conscientiousness
Which of the "Big Five" personality dimensions is associated with being careful, thorough, responsible, organized, hardworking, achievement-oriented, and persistent?
conscientiousness
Managers with a low tolerance for ambiguity tend to be more ________ with their staff and don't empower them to make their own decisions at work.
directive
__________ people like to get things decided quickly while __________ people prefer to stay open to new information and options.
judging, perceiving
___________ people are decisive and like to plan whereas ____________ people are adaptable, spontaneous, and curious.
judging, perceiving
Highly Machiavellian people are ______ ethically sensitive than are lower Machiavellian people and agree ______ with ethical policies or rules of behavior.
less, less
Which term refers to the degree to which a person generally considers herself responsible for the things that happen to her?
locus of control
Mangers should place individuals with a _______ tolerance for ambiguity in well-defined and regulated tasks.
low
High Type As need ______ stimulation than Type Bs and are ______ likely to over-schedule themselves.
more, more
The extent to which personality attributes are inherited from our parents or shaped by our environment is called ____ by psychologists.
nature versus nature
______________ provide both positive and potentially negative information to job candidates.
realistic job previews
Which of the following is NOT one of the dimensions of emotional intelligence?
self-preservation
When situational pressures are _______________, we are better able to be ourselves and let our personalities guide our behaviors.
weak
Mario is one of the top salespeople at a BMW dealership. As a vegan, Mario doesn't like the fact that many of the BMW's he sells have leather seats. Still, he is good at this job and motivated by the opportunity to sell high quality vehicles.
person-job fit