Chapter 3 American govt Review question

What are the main functions of federal and state governments?

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Which statement is most accurate about the sources of revenue for local and state governments?

.Between 30 and 40 percent of the revenue for local and state governments comes from grant money.

What does it mean to refer to the carrot of grants and the stick of mandates?

Congress forcing states to adopt certain laws in order to receive federal funds. It's like holding a carrot in front of a horse to lead him somewhere. The national government dangles money in front of the states to get what they want..

Which is not a merit of cooperative federalism?

Cooperative federalism respects the traditional jurisdictional boundaries between states and federal government.

Describe the disadvantages of federalism.

Federalism can trigger a race to the bottom, leading states to reduce workplace regulations and social benefits for employees; it can obstruct federal efforts to address national problems; and it can deepen economic and social disparities among states.

Which of the following is not a benefit of federalism? a. Federalism promotes political participation. b. Federalism encourages economic equality across the country. c. Federalism provides for multiple levels of government action. d. Federalism accommodates a diversity of opinion.

Federalism encourages economic equality across the country.

Which statement about federal and unitary systems is most accurate?

In a federal system, the constitution allocates powers between states and federal government; in a unitary system, powers are lodged in the national government.

What were the implications of McCulloch v. Maryland for federalism?

The McCulloch decision established the doctrine of implied powers, meaning the federal government can create policy instruments deemed necessary and appropriate to fulfill its constitutional responsibilities. The case also affirmed the principle of national supremacy embodied in Article VI of the Constitution, namely, that the Constitution and legitimate federal laws trump state laws.

What key constitutional provisions define the scope of authority of the federal and state governments?

The following parts of the Constitution sketch the powers of the states and the federal government: Article I, Section 8; the supremacy clause of Article VI; and the Tenth Amendment. The following parts of the Constitution detail the limits on their authority: Article I, Sections 9 and 10; Bill of Rights; Fourteenth Amendment; and the civil rights amendments.

What does venue shopping mean?

a strategy in which interest groups select the level and branch of government they calculate will be most receptive to their policy goals

13. Which statement about immigration federalism is false? a. The Arizona v. United States decision struck down all Arizona's most restrictive provisions on illegal immigration. b. Since the 1990s, states have increasingly moved into the policy domain of immigration. c. Federal immigration laws trump state laws. d. States' involvement in immigration is partly due to their interest in preventing illegal immigrants from accessing public services such as education and welfare benefits.

a. The Arizona v. United States decision struck down all Arizona's most restrictive provisions on illegal immigration.

Which statement about federal grants in recent decades is most accurate? a. The federal government allocates the most grant money to income security. b. The amount of federal grant money going to states has steadily increased since the 1960s. c. The majority of federal grants are block grants. d. Block grants tend to gain more flexibility over time.

b.The amount of federal grant money going to states has steadily increased since the 1960s.

Which statement about the evolution of same- sex marriage is false? a. The federal government became involved in this issue when it passed DOMA. b. In the 1990s and 2000s, the number of state restrictions on same-sex marriage increased. c. United States v. Windsor legalized same-sex marriage in the United States. d. More than half the states had legalized same-sex marriage by the time the Supreme Court made same-sex marriage legal nationwide in 2015.

c. United States v. Windsor legalized same-sex marriage in the United States.

Which statement about unfunded mandates is false? a. The Unfunded Mandates Reform Act has prevented Congress from using unfunded mandates. b. The Clean Air Act is a type of federal partial preemptive regulation. c. Title VI of the Civil Rights Act establishes crosscutting requirements. d. New federalism does not promote the use of unfunded mandates.

d. New federalism does not promote the use of unfunded mandates.

Which statement about venue shopping is true? a. MADD steered the drinking age issue from the federal government down to the states. b. Anti-abortion advocates have steered the abortion issue from the states up to the federal government. c. Both MADD and anti-abortion proponents redirected their advocacy from the states to the federal government. d. None of the statements are correct.

d. None of the statements are correct.

Which statement about new federalism is not true? a. New federalism was launched by President Nixon and continued by President Reagan. b. New federalism is based on the idea that decentralization of responsibility enhances administrative efficiency. c. United States v. Lopez is a Supreme Court ruling that advanced the logic of new federalism. d. President Reagan was able to promote new federalism consistently throughout his administration.

d.President Reagan was able to promote new federalism consistently throughout his administration.

What are the main differences between cooperative federalism and dual federalism?

dual federalism a style of federalism in which the states and national government exercise exclusive authority in distinctly delineated spheres of jurisdiction, creating a layer-cake view of federalism cooperative federalism a style of federalism in which both levels of government coordinate their actions to solve national problems, leading to the blending of layers as in a marble cake

Describe the advantages of federalism.

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In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court invoked which provisions of the constitution?

necessary and proper clause and supremacy clause