chapter 3
This organelle contains oxidases and catalases.
Peroxisomes
Which of the following is NOT a function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. protein synthesis in conjunction with ribosomes B. breakdown of stored glycogen to form free glucose C. lipid metabolism and cholesterol synthesis D. steroid-based hormone synthesis
answer; A
Ions are transported across plasma membranes using __________, which requires __________. A. channel-mediated facilitated diffusion; chemical energy from ATP B. channel-mediated facilitated diffusion; kinetic energy C. simple diffusion; kinetic energy D. carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion; chemical energy from ATP
answer; B
Which of the following statements is correct regarding RNA? A. There is exactly one specific type of mRNA for each amino acid. B. Messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA play a role in protein synthesis. C. If the base sequence of DNA is ATTGCA, the messenger RNA template will be UCCAGU. D. rRNA is always attached to the rough ER.
answer; B
Which of the following is a function of a plasma membrane protein? A. oxygen transport B. forms a lipid bilayer C. molecular transport through the membrane D. circulating antibody
answer; C
This is an elaborate network of rods and accessory proteins found in the cytosol that support cellular structures and provide the machinery to generate various cell movements, as well as provide the roads for vesicular trafficking.
answer; Cytoskeleton
Which of the following names the three main parts of a human cell? A. cytosol, nucleus, and membrane B. plasma membrane, mitochondria, and nucleus C. mitochondria, lysosome, and centriole D. cytoplasm, plasma membrane, and nucleus
answer; D
Which of the following correctly states the functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum? A. lipid metabolism, cholesterol synthesis, and synthesis of the lipid components of lipoproteins B. absorption, synthesis, and transport of fats C. storage of calcium ions D. synthesis of cellular membrane components
answer; D The rough ER synthesizes all proteins secreted from the cell; it also functions as the cell's "membrane factory" because integral proteins and phospholipids that form part of all cellular membranes are manufactured there.
This organelle modifies, concentrates, and packages the proteins and lipids made at the RER for domestic use or export.
answer; Golgi apparatus
The vast majority of the cell's genetic material is housed here.
answer; Nucleus
The organelle that facilitates peptide bond formation between amino acids.
answer; Ribosomes
True or False. Dividing cells must pass through the phases of mitosis in the following order: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase.
answer; true
True or False. The speed of individual particle diffusion is influenced by temperature and particle size, not by concentration.
answer; true