Chapter 3 homework (study guide)

Indicate if the following statements about prokaryotes are true or false.

A. They contain a plasma membrane. True B. They contain internal membrane-bound organelles such as a nucleus. False C. They have a cell wall. True D. They have ribosomes. True Prokaryotes do not have internal organelles but they have a plasma membrane, a cell wall, and ribosomes.

Use the labels to draw and annotate a cell membrane. Build the cell membrane across the center of the page. Then, determine the regions of the membrane that are hydrophobic and hydrophilic.

Explanation The fatty acid tails of phospholipids are hydrophobic and arrange away from water. The phosphate heads are hydrophilic and arrange toward water. Refer to figure 3.9.

Drag each statement about cell membranes to the appropriate image. If a statement applies to both images, drag it to the "Both" box; if it applies to neither, drag it to the "Neither" box.

Explanation The membranes of animal and plant cells are bilayers of phospholipids. Cell membranes always help cells maintain homeostasis. Animal cells have cholesterol in their cell membranes. A layer of cellulose surrounds plant cell membranes. Refer to figure 3.10 for a comparison of plant and animal cell membranes.

Using the images or terms, describe how parts of a cell interact to export proteins.

Explanation Review section 3.4

Many features of eukaryotes and prokaryotes differ. Drag and drop each phrase onto the image of the appropriate cell type. If a phrase applies to both cell types, drop it in the box that says "Applies to both."

Explanation Review the differences and similarities between prokaryotes and eukaryotes in section 3.2.

Complete the table by dragging each structure name or description into the appropriate place.

Explanation Review the structure and function of organelles in section 3.4.

Complete the table by dragging each structure name or description into the appropriate place.

Explanation Review the structures and functions of organelles and the cytoskeleton in sections 3.4 and 3.5.

Match the description on the left with the most fitting class of membrane proteins on the right.

Explanation See the functions of membrane proteins in section 3.3.

True or false: Ribosomes use proteins to produce DNA.

False. Explanation Ribosomes use the information encoded in the genetic material to produce proteins.

Suppose a researcher successfully produced a membrane composed of saturated triglycerides rather than from phospholipids. What characteristics would you expect the saturated triglyceride membrane to have? Select all that apply. (Hint: Review saturated fats in section 2.5E.)

Hydrophobic molecules would be attracted to the membrane. The saturated triglycerides would not form a bilayer.

Select all of the following that are found in both animal and plant cells.

Peroxisome Mitochondrion Golgi apparatus Nucleus Endoplasmic reticulum

Select all of the following that correctly describe plant cell membranes.

Plant cell membranes are surrounded by a cell wall made of polysaccharide. Phospholipids form a bilayer in plant cell membranes.

Match each cellular component with the correct cell type: prokaryote, eukaryote, or both.

Prokaryote: Has a nucleoid. Eukaryote: Has a nucleus. Has organelles. Both prokaryotes and eukaryotes: Has a cell membrane. Contains ribosomes. Has cytoplasm.

Which of the following structures are found in all living cells? Select all that apply.

Ribosomes Deoxyribonucleic acid RNA Proteins Cell membrane

Which of the cells below has the largest ratio of surface area to volume? Click the blue box next to the correct answer.

The smallest cell (largest ratio of surface area to volume).

Lysosomes destroy and recycle old organelles.

True.

True or false: All organisms are made of one or more cells, which are the fundamental units of life.

True. Explanation The cell theory states that the cell is the fundamental unit of all life; all organisms are made of one or more cells.e.

The lysosome contains ________ enzymes.

digestive

Select all of the following that are functions of membrane proteins.

transport chemicals into and out of cell provide binding site for cholesterol anchor cell membrane to cytoskeleton Explanation: Review the tutorial and see also section 3.3

What type of body cells might contain the most active lysosomes?

white blood cells