Chapter 3
"Abnormal behaviors—indeed, all behaviors—are acquired through learning." Which model of abnormality does this quote MOST closely represent? A) behavioral B) psychodynamic C) cognitive D) humanistic-existential
A
"Thoughts, as well as overt behaviors, are acquired and modified by various forms of conditioning." The orientation of the author of this quote MOST likely would be: A) cognitive-behavioral. B) humanistic-existential. C) psychodynamic-Gestalt. D) self-efficacious.
A
A child is bitten by a vicious dog in front of a park. The child is later very afraid of the park. According to classical conditioning, the park is a(n): A) conditioned stimulus. B) unconditioned stimulus. C) unconditioned response. D) conditioned response.
A
A woman has had an abortion for which she feels very guilty and as a result takes a strong pro-life stance. The defense mechanism that BEST explains her behavior is: A) reaction formation. B) denial. C) regression. D) projection.
A
Abnormal chemical activity in the body's endocrine system relates to the release of: A) hormones. B) neurotransmitters. C) neurons. D) genes.
A
According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, at birth the child is in the: A) oral stage. B) anal stage. C) phallic stage. D) latency stage.
A
According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, ineffective interaction of the id, ego, and superego can lead to entrapment at a developmental level. This is called: A) fixation. B) neurosis. C) repression. D) displacement.
A
According to Freud, a woman's pleasure from nursing her baby is reflected in which part of the personality? A) id B) ego C) superego D) ego ideal
A
An important factor to consider in using drugs for the treatment of abnormality would be that: A) some people do not benefit from drug treatments. B) drugs cannot be combined with other forms of treatment. C) drugs are not very effective in the treatment of schizophrenia. D) drugs should not be used unless surgery has been unsuccessful.
A
Barney's mother is taking cookies out of the oven. Which of the following would suggest most strongly that the id is firmly in control of Barney's behavior? A) Barney grabs some of the cookies and runs. B) Barney wants the cookies desperately but asks his mother for a couple. C) Barney waits for his mother to leave the room, takes a few cookies, and runs away. D) Barney asks for some cookies in a whiney voice and throws a tantrum when he is denied.
A
Behavior therapy: A) can be tested in the lab. B) cannot explain the origin of abnormal behavior. C) does not have associated therapeutic techniques. D) is not based on research.
A
If a patient is being guided to challenge irrational thinking and to try out new interpretations, the patient is MOST likely being treated by a follower of: A) Beck. B) Freud. C) Bandura. D) Wolpe.
A
If someone is isolated and lacks social support or intimacy in his or her life, that person is MORE likely to ______ than someone who has social support and intimacy. A) become depressed when under stress B) become depressed even when not under stress C) become depressed, but recover more quickly D) be a carrier of depression to later generations
A
Jamal observed his parents' generous behavior throughout his childhood. As a result, he developed a positive and generous attitude toward the world. According to the behavioral model, Jamal has acquired his lifestyle through the process of: A) modeling. B) self-actualization. C) operant conditioning. D) classical conditioning.
A
One who believes the multicultural perspective is the correct way to think about abnormality comes from which of the following paradigms? A) sociocultural B) biocultural C) psychocultural D) cognitive-cultural
A
The ______ operates in accord with the pleasure principle. A) id B) superego C) erogenous zone D) ego
A
The model MOST likely to predict that transference will occur during therapy is the ______ model. A) psychodynamic B) cognitive C) humanistic-existential D) behavioral
A
The model MOST likely to suggest using free association to uncover unconscious processes is the ______ model. A) psychodynamic B) cognitive C) humanistic-existential D) behavioral
A
The model MOST likely to use terms such as "resistance" and "transference" is the ______ model. A) psychodynamic B) behavioral C) humanist-existential D) sociocultural
A
The model of abnormality that cites physical processes as being the key to behavior is the: A) biological model. B) sociocultural model. C) psychodynamic model. D) humanistic-existential model.
A
The model of abnormality that concentrates on thinking is the: A) cognitive model. B) behavioral model. C) sociocultural model. D) psychodynamic model.
A
The model of abnormality that focuses on learning is the: A) behavioral model. B) sociocultural model. C) psychodynamic model. D) humanistic-existential model.
A
The term for the form of psychotherapy pioneered by Carl Rogers is: A) client-centered. B) insight. C) Gestalt. D) existential.
A
Therapists who often deliberately frustrate and challenge their clients, and who often use role playing and a "here and now" orientation, are: A) gestalt. B) neo-Freudian. C) cognitive-behavioral. D) humanistic.
A
Which of the following would be MOST likely to use skillful frustration as a part of therapy? A) Fritz Perls B) Joseph Wolpe C) Abraham Maslow D) Karen Horney
A
"That's all right. You are doing your best, don't worry. I am here for you." A therapist who would say this as a primary part of the therapy process would MOST probably be following the ______ tradition. A) cognitive B) humanistic C) psychodynamic D) rational emotive
B
"Understanding a person's unconscious processes is critical in explaining abnormality." Which model of abnormality does this quote MOST closely represent? A) behavioral B) psychodynamic C) cognitive D) humanistic-existential
B
"When I was young, I met a large dog. I wasn't afraid of the dog, but as I tried to pet it, the dog snarled and jumped at me. I have been afraid of dogs ever since." A therapist who assumes that this sentence describes a phobia acquired from classical conditioning MOST likely favors which model of abnormality? A) humanistic-existential B) behavioral C) cognitive D) psychodynamic
B
"When we try to establish how abnormality develops, we need to consider how individuals deal with the meaning of life, and with the value they find in living." A psychologist from which background would agree MOST strongly with this statement? A) cognitive-behavioral B) humanistic-existential C) psychodynamic D) cognitive
B
A previously neutral environmental event that becomes associated with the unconditioned stimulus is called a(n): A) learned stimulus. B) conditioned stimulus. C) unconditioned stimulus. D) discriminative stimulus.
B
A primary focus of the community treatment approach to abnormality is: A) using drugs along with psychotherapy. B) prevention. C) homeostasis. D) rejecting all conventional forms of explaining abnormality.
B
A therapist who believes people often hide from their responsibilities, and therefore often feel alienated, depressed, inauthentic—empty—would MOST likely be: A) humanistic. B) existential. C) psychodynamic. D) cognitive.
B
According to psychoanalytic theory, which of the following is TRUE regarding dreams? A) They are without real importance. B) They reflect our unconscious desires and needs. C) They are a means of reprocessing information necessary for survival. D) They are the brain's attempts to understand abnormal electrical activity.
B
An assumption of determinism is that abnormal behaviors: A) are learned. B) are not accidental. C) have physiological bases. D) are due to unconscious conflicts.
B
Animals and humans learn without reinforcement. They learn just by watching. This form of learning is called: A) shaping. B) modeling. C) operant conditioning. D) classical conditioning.
B
Colin is asked to "free associate" about his mother's new husband and he responds by changing the subject. A psychodynamic therapist would consider this an example of: A) catharsis. B) resistance. C) transference. D) countertransference.
B
Critics of the evolutional perspective of abnormal behavior cite all of the following EXCEPT: A) It is difficult to research this perspective. B) The perspective is overly precise. C) It requires leaps of faith to believe in this perspective. D) The perspective rests on an interaction of genes and environment.
B
Evidence that supports the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapies has come from: A) longitudinal experimental studies. B) individual case studies. C) controlled correlational studies. D) carefully controlled experiments.
B
Freud believed that the source of energy that fuels the id: A) is defense mechanisms. B) is the libido. C) is conscious. D) is learned.
B
Gestalt therapy is similar to mindfulness techniques in its emphasis on: A) using I language. B) focusing on the here and now. C) role-playing. D) frustrating the client.
B
Humanists would say that an individual who cares about others, is spontaneous, courageous, and independent is: A) authentic. B) self-actualizing. C) role playing. D) experiencing catharsis.
B
Huntington's disease, which has psychological as well as physical aspects, results from loss of cells in the: A) corpus callosum. B) basal ganglia. C) hippocampus. D) amygdala.
B
Identifying which genes help cause various human disorders rests with the ability to: A) clone individuals. B) map or sequence genes. C) insert RNA into genes. D) control mutations.
B
If a therapist advised you to pay attention to how you were communicating with family members and to change harmful patterns, the therapist would MOST likely to be practicing: A) structural family therapy. B) conjoint family therapy. C) feminist therapy. D) self-help therapy.
B
If you close your eyes and imagine biting into a big, sour lemon, you are likely to salivate. The salivation to this imagery is an example of a(n): A) conditioned stimulus. B) conditioned response. C) unconditioned stimulus. D) unconditioned response.
B
If you recognize your worth as a person, Carl Rogers would say that you have developed: A) spontaneity. B) unconditional self-regard. C) unconditional positive regard. D) conditions of worth.
B
Imagine that you subscribe to the sociocultural model of abnormality. Which of the following would be a part of your paradigm? A) the humanistic-existential model B) the family-social perspective C) the cognitive model D) the psychodynamic model
B
In mindfulness-based therapy techniques, you would be MOST likely to find clients: A) focusing on setting goals for the future. B) letting their thoughts flow, without judgment. C) rejecting thoughts that are not rational. D) trying to figure out the source of their troublesome thoughts.
B
Infants tend to do things that feel good. This is in accord with what Freud called: A) reflex. B) the pleasure principle. C) primary process thought. D) secondary process thought.
B
Multicultural theorists would explain the higher levels of mental illness among poor people as MOST likely due to: A) genetic make-up. B) social factors leading to stress. C) irrational patterns of thinking. D) fixation at a lower level of ego functioning.
B
Research on the relationship between religious beliefs and psychological health shows that people: A) without any religious belief are the healthiest. B) who are devout and see God as caring and helpful are the healthiest. C) who are devout and see God as cold and unresponsive are the healthiest. D) who are not religious cope better with life stressors like war and illness.
B
So-called "new wave of cognitive therapy" differs from traditional cognitive therapy in that it emphasizes: A) challenging irrational cognitions. B) accepting problematic thoughts. C) working to change unacceptable thoughts. D) researching the effectiveness of the therapy.
B
Teresa has been told that her course of therapy is likely to take a year or more because it involves the reshaping of her personality and that takes many sessions. Her therapy is MOST likely: A) client-centered therapy. B) psychodynamic therapy. C) cognitive-behavioral therapy. D) existential-humanistic therapy.
B
The MAIN concern with the various forms of cybertherapy that are currently being used is: A) confidentiality on the Internet. B) the quality of the treatment. C) technological issues with the use of computers. D) the availability of the services.
B
The model MOST likely to emphasize the importance of one's history of conditioning as the source of depression is the ______ model. A) psychodynamic B) behavioral C) humanist-existential D) sociocultural
B
The model of abnormality that examines the effects of society and culture is the: A) behavioral model. B) sociocultural model. C) psychodynamic model. D) humanistic-existential model.
B
The model with its roots in the philosophical idea that people are dynamic beings, giving meaning to their existence through their actions, is the: A) humanistic model. B) existential model. C) cognitive model. D) behavioral model.
B
The part of the personality that guides us to know when we can and cannot express our impulses is the: A) id. B) ego. C) superego. D) libido.
B
The role of the unified personality is a central theme of: A) ego theory. B) self theory. C) psychoanalytic theory. D) object relations theory.
B
The social upheaval and soul searching of the 1960s and 1970s in Western society gave rise to which of the following approaches to therapy? A) psychodynamic B) humanistic and existential C) behavioral D) cognitive
B
The view that religious views are defense mechanisms created by people to make life tolerable is MOST characteristic of: A) current thinking in the mental health profession. B) classic Freudian psychotherapy. C) conclusions drawn by research scientists. D) the way in which the mental health profession is moving.
B
Theory focused on learned responses to the environment is usually described as: A) psychoanalytic. B) behavioral. C) sociocultural. D) psychodynamic.
B
What we would call "conscience" is MOST like what Freud would call the: A) defense mechanism. B) superego. C) ego. D) erogenous zone.
B
When a young child yells and throws toys ("temper tantrum"), the parents give the child a good deal of attention. As time goes on, the temper tantrums become more and more common. A behavioral psychologist would say that the temper tantrums result from: A) unresolved intrapsychic conflict. B) operant conditioning. C) unconditional positive regard. D) neurotransmitter imbalances.
B
A general term used for theories such as Freud's, Adler's, and Jung's is: A) psychiatric. B) biological. C) psychodynamic. D) psychophysical.
C
Which of the following is TRUE of psychological conflicts according to psychoanalysis? A) They are always sexual in nature. B) They are tied to experiences early in life. C) They are only a problem when they reach consciousness. D) They are unconscious, and therefore not a factor in conscious experience.
B
You blame your poor performance on a test that you didn't study for on all the other work you had to do. The defense mechanism that BEST explains your behavior is: A) denial. B) rationalization. C) intellectualization. D) sublimation.
B
"Humans are born with freedom, yet do not 'naturally' strive to reach their full growth potential." The psychologist who would MOST closely agree with this statement would be: A) behavioral. B) humanistic. C) existential. D) psychodynamic.
C
A client in a totally relaxed state vividly imagines formerly anxiety-arousing situations without feeling any lingering anxiety. MOST likely, that client has just completed what type of therapy? A) Freudian psychoanalysis B) family systems C) systematic desensitization D) cognitive therapy
C
A feminist therapist would MOST likely focus on: A) a woman's personal responsibility for her own situation. B) the role that biology plays in psychological functioning. C) how prejudice and discrimination impact women. D) the ways in which women express their femininity
C
A patient participates in weekly therapy for several years, gradually becoming aware of the impact of early life events on present functioning. The form of psychotherapy the patient is receiving is called: A) cognitive therapy. B) drug therapy C) psychodynamic therapy. D) behavior therapy.
C
A patient's initial reaction to being told she has an STI is to insist that the nurse made a mistake with the test. The defense mechanism that BEST explains this behavior is: A) regression. B) sublimation. C) denial. D) rationalization.
C
According to Freud's psychodynamic theory, the part of the personality that is the conscience is the: A) id. B) ego. C) superego. D) ego ideal.
C
All of the following statements would be appropriate criticisms of the sociocultural model EXCEPT: A) Just because there is a relationship between culture and a particular disorder does not mean that culture causes the disorder. B) It might be that the disorder causes dysfunction in the family rather than the dysfunctional family causing the disorder. C) Cultural factors might create a climate favorable for the development of certain disorders. D) It's hard to predict which people who share the same culture will develop a particular disorder.
C
Current research suggests that schizophrenia may be related to: A) bacterial infections at the time of puberty. B) a resistance to antibiotics. C) viral infection in utero. D) hormonal imbalances.
C
David Rosenhan sent "pseudopatients" to a mental hospital, where they pretended to be disturbed. The results led him to conclude that ______ greatly impacts mental illness. A) an actual symptom B) the community mental health system C) labeling D) communication
C
Depression has been linked to which neurotransmitter abnormality? A) low activity of GABA B) absence of dopamine C) low activity of serotonin D) excessive activity of norepinephrine
C
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used MOST often in the treatment of: A) schizophrenia. B) anxiety disorders. C) depression. D) bipolar disorder.
C
Henry goes into a fit of depression and self-abuse when anyone criticizes or expresses disapproval. Much of what he does is for the purpose of getting people to like him. Cognitive theorists would say that Henry's depression results in large part from: A) modeling. B) self-efficacy. C) illogical thinking. D) unconscious feelings of loss.
C
If a mother seems excessively involved in her child's life such that the two do not seem to be independent people, their relationship is said to be: A) externalized. B) cultural. C) enmeshed. D) disengaged.
C
If you are being encouraged to see the link between the way you interpret your experiences and the way you feel, and to question the accuracy of your interpretations, you are probably receiving: A) humanistic therapy. B) existential therapy. C) cognitive therapy. D) psychoanalytic therapy.
C
If you believe that you can master and perform needed behaviors whenever necessary, Bandura would say that you had a positive sense of: A) overgeneralization. B) classical conditioning. C) self-efficacy. D) modeling.
C
If you imagine biting into a big, juicy, sour lemon, you are likely to salivate. The lemon is an example of a(n): A) conditioned stimulus. B) conditioned response. C) unconditioned stimulus. D) unconditioned response.
C
In explaining why women are diagnosed with anxiety disorders and depression twice as often as men, multicultural therapists would focus on: A) the biological differences between men and women. B) the different patterns of communication displayed by men and women. C) prejudice and discrimination faced by women. D) the level of rationality in the thought patterns of women.
C
In science, the perspectives used to explain phenomena are known as: A) facts. B) theories. C) paradigms. D) hypotheses.
C
One who takes an evolutionary perspective with respect to abnormal behavior would be MOST likely to agree that: A) genome mapping is a waste of time. B) the evolution of adaptive and maladaptive behavior is fundamentally different. C) at one time what is now often seen as abnormal helped us survive. D) people can inherit physical but not mental capacities.
C
Providing treatment as soon as it is needed, so problems that are moderate or worse do not become long-term, is called: A) primary prevention. B) secondary prevention. C) tertiary prevention. D) quaternary prevention.
C
Regarding the finding that there are more seriously disturbed people among those who are poor, a multicultural theorist would focus on the way in which: A) personal responsibility is related to dysfunction. B) irrational thoughts contribute to one's feelings. C) poverty is a stressor that contributes to dysfunction. D) early life experiences shape one's later behavior.
C
Research would lead you to believe that students who have the MOST Facebook friends have: A) an average number of real friends. B) only surface relationships with their real friends. C) many real friends and good relationships with them. D) the fewest real friends, because it is easier for them to connect on line
C
Systematic desensitization has been shown to be especially effective in the treatment of: A) bipolar disorders. B) schizophrenia. C) phobias. D) substance abuse disorders.
C
That many people with severe disturbances are not being treated appropriately is MOSTLY a problem with which level of prevention? A) primary B) secondary C) tertiary D) meta
C
The diathesis-stress model of abnormality emphasizes that: A) stress is the primary factor leading to abnormality. B) a biological predisposition is the primary factor leading to abnormality. C) abnormality arises from an interaction between stress and predisposition. D) only one factor—stress or predisposition—is necessary for abnormality to occur.
C
The form of therapy that helps clients recognize errors in logic, and to try out new interpretations of events, is: A) psychodynamic. B) Gestalt. C) cognitive. D) humanistic.
C
The model of abnormality that pays particular attention to a client's family structure, societal norms, and a client's roles in society is: A) existential. B) cognitive-behavioral. C) sociocultural. D) humanistic.
C
The model or paradigm an investigator uses influences: A) the symptoms of a particular disorder. B) the treatment that is most effective for a disorder. C) the questions and observations the investigator uses. D) the culture in which the disorder is found.
C
The model that proposes that humans strive to self-actualize is the ______ model. A) psychodynamic B) cognitive C) humanistic-existential D) behavioral
C
The only time that Timmy gets attention is when he misbehaves in a bizarre way. This is an example of: A) shaping. B) modeling. C) operant conditioning. D) classical conditioning.
C
Today, ______ clinical psychology is the MOST popular theoretical orientation among professional psychologists. A) behavioral B) psychodynamic C) cognitive D) interpersonal
C
What is libido? A) the same as the id B) the source of pleasure C) the sexual energy of the id D) the sum of the id's instinctual needs
C
When José did not get the job, he was sure that everything was going wrong, that his life was completely off track. This thought is an example of: A) depression. B) selective perception. C) overgeneralization. D) unconditional negative regard.
C
Which of the following is NOT an example of diathesis in the diathesis-stress explanation of abnormality? A) a genetic history of mental illness in one's family B) growing up in an unhealthy, enmeshed family C) experiencing a severe psychological trauma D) living in a high-crime, impoverished area
C
Which of the following phrases would one be MOST likely to hear in a self-help group. A) "I don't have any idea what you should do." B) "The therapist will tell us what to do." C) "Try this. It worked for me." D) "Let's talk about our dreams."
C
"The force that operates on the 'reality principle' is an independent, powerful force in human functioning." The kind of theorist who would agree MOST strongly with this statement would be a(n) ______ therapist. A) classical Freudian B) self C) object relations D) ego
D
Evidence of the effectiveness of psychodynamic therapy: A) is research based. B) comes from pharmaceutical companies. C) comes from double-blind studies. D) is limited to case studies.
D
A therapist listens carefully to a client's words, then attempts to show accurate empathy and genuineness. The hope is that the client will self-examine with acceptance and honesty. MOST likely, the therapist is: A) behavioral. B) cognitive-behavioral. C) psychodynamic. D) humanistic.
D
According to Freud, another term for the symbolic meaning of dreams is: A) positive transference. B) negative transference. C) manifest content. D) latent content.
D
According to ______, the self-actualization motive plays an important part in human functioning. A) cognitive theorists B) behaviorists C) psychoanalysts D) humanists
D
According to family systems theory, families that show "disengagement" are characterized by: A) members who are overinvolved in one another's lives. B) parents who have a "laissez-faire" parenting style. C) children who very seldom fight. D) rigid boundaries between family members.
D
An athlete who is in fact well-prepared nevertheless thinks just before a contest, "I can't do this! I need to be perfect, and I know I'm going to fail!" The theorist who would focus on the athlete's illogical thinking process as a key factor in his subsequent poor performance MOST likely would support which model of abnormality? A) psychodynamic B) behavioral C) existential D) cognitive
D
Current multicultural perspectives are MOST likely to focus on: A) the inferiority of particular cultural groups. B) the cultural deprivation that is characteristic of some groups. C) the limitations of a focus on ethnicity. D) the special external pressures faced by members of a culture.
D
During the preclinical phase of a drug study, researchers are: A) figuring out safe dosages of the drug in people. B) looking for long-term and unexpected side effects. C) submitting the drug to the FDA for approval. D) testing the drug on animals.
D
Evidence in support of the psychodynamic model has come primarily from: A) lab-based human experimentation. B) experiments carried out in "real-world" settings. C) surveys. D) case studies.
D
Freud believed that the three central forces that shape the personality were the: A) instincts, the ego, and the self. B) biological forces, culture, and learning. C) consciousness, unconsciousness, and instincts. D) instinctual needs, rational thinking, and moral standards.
D
If a client-centered therapist were treating a very anxious woman, the therapist would try to: A) point out her misconceptions. B) give insightful interpretations of her statements. C) identify the client's unreasonable ideas and feelings. D) show unconditional positive regard for her statements.
D
If a patient chose a dynamic focus for therapy, the patient would MOST likely be receiving: A) relational psychoanalytic therapy. B) psychoanalysis. C) extended psychoanalytic therapy. D) short-term psychodynamic therapy.
D
If a patient relives past repressed feelings, that patient is said to have experienced ______, according to psychoanalysts. A) repression B) transference C) resistance D)
D
Messages moving from neuron to neuron must cross tiny spaces called: A) dendrites. B) axons. C) neurotransmitters. D) synapses.
D
Regarding attitudes toward therapy, people are MOST likely to agree with which of the following statements? A) "I have negative feelings when I find out an acquaintance is seeing a therapist." B) "I have particularly positive feelings when I find out an acquaintance is seeing a therapist." C) "It's better to seek drug therapy than psychotherapy." D) "It's a good idea to seek therapy for a problem before it gets out of hand."
D
The first step in using the treatment called "systematic desensitization" is to: A) construct a fear hierarchy. B) construct a list of useful reinforcers. C) confront the client with the feared stimulus or thought. D) teach the skill of relaxation over the course of several sessions.
D
The model emphasizing the importance of conditioning in determining human actions is the ______ model. A) psychodynamic B) cognitive C) humanist-existential D) behavioral
D
The model of abnormality that focuses on the role of values and choices in behavior is the: A) cognitive model. B) sociocultural model. C) psychodynamic model. D) humanistic-existential model.
D
The model of abnormality that focuses on unconscious internal processes and conflicts in behavior is the: A) cognitive model. B) behavioral model. C) sociocultural model. D) psychodynamic model.
D
The motivation to form relationships with others is a central theme of: A) ego theory. B) self theory. C) psychoanalytic theory. D) object relations theory.
D
The paradigm or model adopted by people in the Middle Ages to explain abnormal behavior would have been: A) sociocultural. B) biological. C) cognitive. D) demonological.
D
The proper conclusion from research studies that show a relationship between devout religious people who see God as warm and caring and psychological health is that: A) religion causes people to deal better with the challenges of life. B) psychologically healthy people have more time and energy for religion. C) people who have a religious community to support them are healthier. D) people who are more devout are also psychologically healthier.
D
When a subject is participating in the final testing phase of a drug study, which of the following is taking place? A) The drug is being tested on animals. B) The subject is being asked about any unexpected long-term effects. C) The safety of the drug is being assessed by the subject. D) The subject is helping to determine the drug's efficacy and side effects.
D
Which model of abnormality would focus on factors such as norms, family structure, and support systems, in particular? A) behavioral B) cognitive-behavioral C) gestalt D) sociocultural
D
Which of the following dreams is the MOST common? A) being a child again B) flying in the air C) being on the verge of falling D) being chased or pursued
D
Which of the following statements about couple therapy is MOST accurate? A) Only about 10 percent of those who receive couple therapy eventually divorce. B) Most people who receive couple therapy report no real improvement in their functioning. C) There is a decreasing need for couple therapy based on current divorce rates. D) There is no one theoretical approach used in couple therapy.
D
Which of the following statements is the BEST example of the biopsychosocial perspective? A) There is one legitimate approach to understanding mental disorders. B) Abnormality is best explained by sociocultural stresses a person experiences. C) Eclectic approaches fail to take interactions of various models into account. D) Abnormality results from the interaction of genetic, emotional, and cultural influences.
D
Which one of the following forms of therapy would you NOT currently expect to find in cybertherapy? A) use of avatars B) use of e-mail therapy C) use of skype therapy D) use of tweet therapy
D
With its emphasis on abstract human values and responsibility, the humanistic-existential model does all of the following EXCEPT: A) resonate with many people who are eager to explore these issues. B) support the ideas of positive psychology. C) emphasize health. D) lend itself easily to research.
D