Chapter 3 PREPU Health, Wellness and Health Disparities

The nurse should identify the need for further teaching when the client with diabetes who is taking daily insulin and follows a strict diet makes which statement?

"I cannot possibly ever be considered as healthy."

The nurse is planning care for several clients in an outpatient clinic. Which client requires follow-up care due to a chronic condition?

A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who is wheezing and coughing

A nurse provides interventions for clients in a long-term care facility to help them meet their intellectual needs. Which nursing actions promote these needs?

A nurse provides education about foot care to a client with diabetes. A nurse explains to an obese client the benefits of following a healthy diet. A nurse shows residents a video discussing modified activities for older adults.

A community health nurse has noticed a large number of women in the community are not getting regular mammograms. This is a rural community with limited access to health care. Which action would be the most appropriate for the nurse to pursue to promote compliance in getting annual mammograms?

Arrange for a mobile mammography unit to come to the community several days a month.

Which nursing intervention is an example of tertiary preventive care?

Assisting with speech therapy a client with a traumatic brain injury

Which nursing activity reflects care given on the tertiary level of healthcare delivery?

Assisting with transplant surgery

An older adult client has been recently diagnosed with vascular dementia. Because the client lives alone and has poorly controlled hypertension, the client has begun to receive home healthcare. This new aspect of the client's care is characteristic of which stage of illness?

Assuming a dependent role

Why are health promotion and illness prevention a key responsibility of nurses?

Chronic illnesses are the leading health problem in the world.

What is a misconception about chronic disease?

Chronic illnesses cannot be prevented.

A rapid onset of symptoms that lasts a relatively short time indicates which condition?

An acute illness

An exacerbation refers to the reactivation of a disease. Which condition is associated with exacerbation?

Chronic illness

A nurse is planning a health fair in the community to highlight promotion and prevention of the leading cause of death in the United States. Which disease process should the nurse address?

Coronary artery disease

An adolescent client reports having diarrhea before every test in school. The nurse recognizes that this client needs to focus on which dimension of health?

Emotional dimension

A client has been admitted to the hospital for the treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis, with a random blood glucose reading of 575 mg/dL (31.91 mmol/L), vomiting, and shortness of breath. This client has experienced which phenomenon?

Exacerbation

Which are factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.

Family Culture Community Society

When providing care to a client, the nurse integrates knowledge that a client's beliefs and actions are related and influenced by the client's personal expectations in relation to health and illness. The nurse is demonstrating an understanding of which health model?

Health belief model

Which is the most accurate definition of health?

Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.

The nurse is working in an acute care setting and performs primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention. Which activity performed by the nurse is classified as tertiary prevention?

Instructing a client on how to use crutches

A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?

It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.

Which behaviors are necessary for a person to successfully adapt to a chronic illness?

Learn to live as normally as possible Maintain a positive self-concept Maintain a sense of hope

The nurse is giving a talk to a local community group on the harms of smoking. The nurse tells the group that a risk factor is something that increases a person's chances for illness or injury. What type of risk factor is smoking?

Modifiable

The nurse is preparing to talk to a local community group regarding chronic illness. The nurse informs the group that both external and internal factors influence a person's health. When discussing the fact that the male client has a higher chance of developing lung cancer due to his gender, which dimension is the nurse referring to?

Physical dimension

A nurse is immunizing children against measles. This is an example of what level of preventive care?

Primary

The nurse's community outreach class is giving a presentation on seat belts and child safety seats at the local firehouse every weekend in October. Which level of health promotion is this an example of?

Primary

Which are characteristics of chronic conditions?

Require lifelong management Have a prolonged course Are rarely curable

The nurse is holding a cholesterol screening at a local pharmacy this Saturday morning. What level(s) of health promotion is this screening an example of?

Secondary

Consultation and diagnostic tests are included in which level of health care?

Secondary care

Which lifestyle factor is associated with an increased risk for chronic diseases?

Smoking

The nurse recognizes that the client who makes the decision to accept a new diagnosis and follow the prescribed treatment plan is in which stage of an illness?

Stage 3-Assuming a dependent role

A nurse is caring for a client who has COPD, a chronic illness of the lungs. The client is in remission. Which statement best describes a period of remission in a client with a chronic illness?

Symptoms are not experienced.

Which nursing activity provides an example of primary prevention?

Teaching a family how to recognize and avoid environments containing lead paint

The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. This admission is the client's third admission within 90 days. The nurse educates the client with the goal of preventing readmission. Which nursing activity for this client would represent tertiary level prevention?

Teaching about adhering to a low-sodium diet

A nurse is caring for a 17-year-old client whose left leg was amputated after being crushed in a motor vehicle accident. Which intervention might the nurse perform to address the client's intellectual dimension?

Teaching her how to care for the stump and explaining the rehabilitation program

A client has had a total knee replacement and is receiving care that includes learning to walk with a walker. What level of prevention is most applicable to this client?

Tertiary prevention

Which model is most useful in examining the cause of disease in an individual, based upon external factors?

The Agent-Host-Environment Model

A nurse observes that a client who has pneumonia is in the recovery and rehabilitation stage of the illness. Which statement describes the client response that the nurse would expect at this stage of the illness?

The client gives up the dependent role.

A client arrives at a health care facility complaining of pain in the abdomen and diarrhea. The health care provider diagnoses the client with colitis, an acute illness. Why is colitis considered an acute illness?

The onset is sudden.

What have the models of health promotion and illness prevention been used for?

To help health care providers understand health-related behaviors.

The nurse in a free clinic caring for clients uses the Health Belief Model, which is based on three components. What is the main focus for this model?

What people believe to be true about their health

To be an effective change agent for wellness, the nurse must:

consume a healthy diet.

An older adult client who has been hospitalized due to a stroke is about to be discharged from a rehabilitation center where the client had to relearn how to perform activities of daily living, including feeding and dressing. The client has often voiced a desire to be as active as possible. The client now expresses a strong desire to go home. The nurse recognizes that these statements made by the client indicate that the client is:

giving up the dependent role.

When chronic illnesses and disabilities are present, individuals benefit most from activities that:

help them maintain independence.

The recognition of health as an ongoing process toward a person's highest potential of functioning is defined as:

high-level wellness.

The nurse instructor has completed a session detailing major factors differentiating exacerbations from remissions. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students point out which factor(s) can contribute to exacerbations?

immune system is functioning poorly sleep has been disrupted due to family issues client is facing a potential eviction

A community health nurse in a rural area is concerned that the community needs better health care promotion after reading the statistics published by the state health department. Which factor should the nurse find alarming in the report?

increased use of emergency departments for nonemergency issues

A mammogram represents which level of prevention?

secondary prevention

Chronic illness may be characterized by periods of remission. Remission is best defined as:

the presence of a disease with the absence of symptoms.