chapter 3 questions
Which of the following are appropriate food intake recommendations for women who are pregnant or breastfeeding?
- Do not eat tilefish, shark, swordfish, and king mackerel because they may contain high amounts of methylmercury. - Consume 8 to 12 ounces of seafood per week from a variety of seafood types. - Consume foods rich in iron or take an iron supplement.
Which two government agencies collaborate every five years to publish the Dietary Guidelines for Americans?
- U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) - USDA
The Dietary Reference Intakes help people to______.
- plan a nutritious diet - evaluate nutritional adequacy - evaluate nutritional deficiency
Dietary Reference Intakes are intended to help people______.
- reduce their risk of nutrient deficiencies - achieve optimal health - lower disease risk
The Tolerable Upper Intake Level is the maximum chronic daily intake of a nutrient _____.
- that is unlikely to cause health effects in almost all people - above which toxicity effects are likely
What are the appropriate uses of the DRI standards?
- to reduce the risk of nutrient deficiencies - to achieve optimal health - to ensure that one specific nutrient is not overconsumed - to prevent disease
The standard serving size in the fruit group is equivalent to _______cup fruit or fruit juice OR _____cup of dried fruit.
1 1/2
In the vegetable group, the standard serving size is equivalent to:
1 cup cooked vegetables 1 cup 100% vegetable juice 1 cup raw vegetables
According to MyPlate, which of the following is equivalent to a standard serving in the protein foods group?
1 egg 1 ounce of meat 1/4 cup of cooked dry beans
Choose the seven standards that make up the Dietary Reference Intakes.
1. Adequate Intake 2. Estimated Average Requirements 3. Estimated Energy Requirement 4. Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range 5. Tolerable Upper Intake Level 6. Recommended Dietary Allowance 7. Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intake
Choose the five major food groups.
1. dairy products 2. vegetables 3. protein 4. grains 5. fruits
Which of the following is an appropriate food intake recommendation for women who are capable of becoming pregnant?
- Consume iron rich food or take an iron supplement if recommended by a health care provider. - Consume 400 mcg of folic acid/day
To establish the RDA for a nutrient, first scientists determine the nutrient's ___ and then add a "margin of safety" so that the RDA meets the nutrient needs of 97% to 98% of healthy individuals.
EAR
If you consume 2000 kcal per day, you should limit your added sugars to less than
200 kcal
When there isn't enough research to establish a RDA, a(n) _______ is set.
adequate intakes
All of the following are protein rich foods that make good substitutes for meat EXCEPT:
avacdo
The RDAs are standards for recommending the _____ of several nutrients.
daily intakes
When selecting foods from the fruit group, choose more _____.
frozen fruits fresh fruits
Which food group has wheat flour as a main ingredient?
grains
the Estimated Energy Requirement is based on the needs of individuals who are______.
healthy
When choosing dairy products, the recommendation is to choose dairy products that are _____
low fat or fat free
Scientist record eating patterns of a group of healthy people and if this group shows no signs of a nutrient deficiency disorder, the average intake of the nutrient evaluated becomes the _____.
Adequate Intake (AI)
Choose the accurate AMDR.
Carbohydrate 45-65%
"Adults should limit their sodium intake to less than 2300 mg/day to reduce the risk of chronic disease" is an example of the______.
Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intakes
Which Dietary Reference Intake sets a nutrient intake level that reduces chronic disease risk within a healthy population?
Chronic Disease Risk Reduction Intakes (CDRR)
Match the recommendation with its complete definition.
Consume a variety of vegetables --> Choice Includes dark green, red, and orange; beans, lentils and pea; and starchy Consume grains --> At least half should be whole grains Eat a variety of protein foods --> Choice Includes seafood, lean meats, and poultry, eggs, legumes, nuts, seeds, and soy products
What are some examples of empty calorie foods?
Cookies Ice cream Alcohol
Standards for planning nutritious diets for groups of people are called ________.
DRI
Match the food with the food group with which it belongs.
Dairy --> Yogurt Protein-rich--> Legumes Grains --> Rice pilaf Vegetables--> V8 juice
Which is true about the role of diet in health?
Diet is only one aspect of lifestyle that affects health.
To prevent disease, achieve optimal health, and reduce the risk of nutrient deficiencies, nutrition experts have established the______.
Dietary Reference Intakes
Standards for planning nutritious diets for groups of people are called __________________.
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs)
A nutrient intake value that is estimated to meet the requirement of half the healthy individuals in a group is called the ____.
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
A(n) ____ is the amount of the nutrient that should meet the needs of 50% of the healthy people who are in a particular life stage/gender group.
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
If you frequently eat less than the _____ for a nutrient, you may be at risk for developing the nutrient's deficiency disorder.
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR)
The basic premise of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans includes which of the following statements?
The Dietary Guidelines are designed to promote good health and reduce the risk of major nutrition-related chronic health conditions.
What is the maximum chronic daily intake level of a nutrient that is unlikely to cause adverse health effects in most people?
Tolerable Upper Intake Level
The ___________ is the standard representing the highest average amount of a nutrient that is unlikely to be harmful when consumed daily.
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
The highest average amount of a nutrient that is unlikely to harm most people is called the _____.
Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
Match the following nutrient standards to their descriptions. UL EER AI RDA
UL --> highest amount of daily nutrient intakes unlikely to cause adverse health effects EER --> Choice estimation of calorie needs based on gender, age, height, weight, and physical activity level AI --> Choice nutrient intake recommendation set when research is not sufficient to determine RDA RDA --> Choice nutrient intake recommendation set to meet the needs of nearly all individuals of a given age and gender
In the protein-rich food group, choose foods that are classified as protein-rich AND non-meat.
eggs, beans, and nuts. tofu and seeds.
_______ calorie foods are ones that are high in solid fats and/or added sugar. They provide calories, but few to no nutrients. Some examples are cookies, cakes, sodas, pizza, and candy.
empty
In addition to diet, what other lifestyle habit is essential for good health?
exercise
True or false: If your diet meets the RDA or AI values, your food intake is unlikely to be nutritionally sound.
false
Which of the following Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges is incorrect?
fat, 20-25% of total energy intake
Which of the following foods are included in the fruit group?
grapes kiwi
The RDA is established by adding _____ to the EAR.
margin of safety
Good sources of plant proteins include
nuts. beans. peas.
Plant foods in the protein foods group include _____.
nuts. lentils. navy beans.
Examples of whole grains recommended by the dietary guidelines include:
oats wild rice whole wheat
In the fruits group, the standard serving size is equivalent to
one cup of fruit. half cup raisins.
In the meat and beans group, one-ounce equivalent is equal to
one egg. 1/4 cup cooked dry beans. one ounce of meat, poultry, or fish.
A ___________ is the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health.
requirement
The smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health is called a _____.
requirement
The USDA food guide created in the late 1980s was illustrated using a(n) ______ shape.
triangle
Which of the following best describes Dietary Reference Intakes? Multiple choice question.
umbrella term for various nutrient recommendations set by the Food and Nutrition Board
Dietary guidelines recommend that people should consume foods made with which of the following types of grain?
whole
In the grains group, one slice of bread is equivalent to:
1 serving of a grain food. 1/2 cup cooked pasta. 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal.
Which of the following foods are included in the grain group?
Breads Rice Pasta Cereals Crackers
Limit added sugars to less than _____ of daily calories
10%
In the vegetable group, cup(s) of raw uncooked leafy greens is equivalent to one standard serving.
2
According to MyPlate, 1 cup of cooked rice is equivalent to
2 servings from the grains group.
When there isn't enough research to establish a RDA ________ a(n) is set.
AI
When a nutrient still requires more research in order to set a DRI standard, a(n) ______ standard is set.
Adequate Intake
The average daily energy intake that meets the needs of a healthy person maintaining his weight is the______.
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
What value would you look at to determine the calorie intake a person should consume each day to maintain body weight?
Estimated Energy Requirement (EER)
Choose the foods that are part of the dairy group on MyPlate.
Fat-free milk. Low-fat cottage cheese
Your diet is likely to be nutritionally adequate if your average daily intake for each nutrient meets the nutrient's _____ or AI value.
RDA
Match the following DRI standards with their respective method of formulation. RDA AI EER UL
RDA = nutrient recommendation backed by extensive research AI = estimated from average daily nutrient intake from population studies EER = based on physical activity level, height, weight, age, gender, and life stage UL = nutrient with known toxicity levels or adverse effects
Which nutrient standard is set to meet or exceed 97.5% of the requirement for nearly all healthy Americans?
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)