Chapter 3 Study guide

Common presentation programs include which three of the following?

Keynote for Mac Microsoft PowerPoint Google Slides

The small amount of memory, located within the CPU itself, is referred to as ___ cache.

L1

While there are many reasons to purchase a Macintosh laptop, three reasons to purchase a Windows laptop instead include:

Macintosh laptops tend to be more expensive than Windows laptops. Some Microsoft applications are easier to run on a Windows computer than a Macintosh computer. Some professions, such as those in the medical industry and the military, use Windows-based computers.

Jose uses Windows 10 on his laptop to run the programs he needs to complete his college assignments. Windows OS is owned and maintained by _____ .

Microsoft

Which of the following is a popular OS software program?

Microsoft Windows

Which of the following is commonly-used OS software?

Microsoft Windows

___ can damage a processor if not properly executed. It will also void your warranty.

Overclocking

Which three of the following are common word processing programs?

Pages for Mac Microsoft Word Google Docs

Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top.

Pb, Tb, Gb, Mb, Kb

The graphics adapter inside a digital device is also called the __________ card.

video, graphics, video/graphics, or graphic

If you buy a new computer game that emphasizes graphics, or new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ___.

video/graphics card

Bus __________ is measured in bits. A 64-bit bus can transmit 64 bits of data.

width

The amount of data that can be transmitted at a given time by a bus is called bus _____.

width

The amount of bits a processor can work with at any given time is referred to as __________ size.

word

The number of bits that can be processed at one time during one machine cycle is a processor's _____.

word size

A collection of related worksheets

workbook

Single page in a workbook

worksheet

GB

1 billion bytes

MB

1 million bytes

TB

1 trillion bytes

Place the following steps in order to use the Disk Cleanup app on a Windows computer. Place the first step on top.

1. Click the Cortana icon to open the search window 2. Type Disk Cleanup 3. In the Disk Cleanup dialog box, select the unused files 4. Click OK

What is the correct order of steps to access the snipping tool in Windows 10?

1. Click the Cortana or Search button 2. Type "Snipping Tool" 3. Select the Snipping Tool desktop app 4. Click "New" to start the capture of an image

Jorge wants to check the hard drive capacity of his Windows laptop through the System menu. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top.

1. Click the Windows icon to open the Start menu 2. Click the Settings icon to open the Settings menu 3. Click System 4. Click Storage

Tiffany wants to remove unwanted files from her laptop's hard drive. One of the fastest ways is to use Disk Cleanup. Place the following steps in order with the first step at the top.

1. In the Search Box (on the taskbar- usually the bottom left of your Window), type Disk Cleanup and select the Disk Cleanup App. 2. If necessary, select the drive you wish to clean up. 3. Under Files to delete: Select the files that you wish to remove (such as Temporary Internet Files.) 4. Click OK, then Delete Files.

Put the steps of the information processing cycle in the correct order, with the first step at the top.

1. Input 2. Process 3. Output 4. Store

PB

1000 TB

KB

1000 bytes

This is a ___ connection.

3.5mm

There are many protocols that are used to help streamline the communication of all digital devices. For example, Wi-Fi uses the _____ protocol. This protocol ensures that devices enabled with Wi-Fi can connect to any Wi-Fi network.

802.11

Field

A column in a relational database table.

Which two of the following would be used to store a single bit of data?

A hole in a punchcard A transistor

Record

A row in a relational database table.

Query

A set of criteria used to extract data from a database.

Which two of the following items are commonly included when you purchase a Windows PC laptop computer with a solid-state hard drive?

A universal serial bus (USB) port An operating system

The __________ coding language uses 8 bits to represent a byte of information.

ASCII

Fetch

An instruction is obtained from memory

Which of the following is not part of the boot process?

Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors

Lightning connectors were developed by ___.

Apple

Which three of the following are true about applets?

Applets typically perform less-complex functions. Applets are small application programs Applets are often utility programs designed to help maintain your computer.

A short-distance wireless communications technology, __________, uses relatively short-wavelength radio waves to transfer data between devices like phones, speakers, and headphones.

Bluetooth

The short-range wireless transmission protocol, commonly used with smartphones and many other devices, is called ___ .

Bluetooth

Another name for a computer's processor is the:

CPU

Which computer component found on the motherboard (magnified in the image) is often called the brains of the computer?

CPU

Which two of the following statements are true about the American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) encoding standard?

Can represent a total of 256 characters Capable of representing 26 uppercase and lowercase letters used in the English language, numbers, and many different symbols.

A software license usually answers which 3 of the following questions?

Can the program's source code be viewed? Can the program be copied, modified, or redistributed? Where, how, and how often can the program be installed?

Desktop computer

Choice Designed for power users. Has a relatively large footprint.

Tablet computer

Choice Highly mobile—you can use it while standing or walking around

Laptop computer

Choice Hinged, clamshell-type mobile computer

Store

Choice The results are placed in memory before the next instruction is executed

One way to delete unused files from your Windows hard drive is to use the Disk ___ app.

Cleanup

Which three of the statements are true statements regarding utility programs?

Common utility programs include disk formatting, disk cleanup, and disk defragmenting. Utility programs often perform a specific maintenance type of task. Utility programs are included with both Windows and macOS.

Most word processing software can be used for which three of the following tasks?

Creating documents Very simple desktop publishing Creating very basic Web pages

Reports

Data extracted from a database and structured for printing and data interpretation.

All-in-one computer

Designed to stay on a desk. Provides a large monitor but takes up less space than a desktop computer

Which two of the following are characteristics of the iOS?

Developed by Apple for Apple mobile products Comes with Siri, FaceTime, Safari, and other Apple apps

Memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency

Disk cache

The windows 10 app used remove unwanted files from your computer's hard drive is called __________ Cleanup.

Disk or Hard Disk

Sold in categories such as CAT5e (enhanced) or CAT6, or CAT7 cable is commonly used for connecting devices in a network. These are commonly called __________ cables.

Ethernet

Select two characteristics of a solid-state drive (SSD).

Extremely fast No moving parts

The only major difference between MacBooks and the Dell laptops is their prices.

FALSE

Most tablets have solid-state drive (SSD) capacities measured in terabytes (TBs).

False

The amount of space a device takes up on a desk or table is referred to as its _____.

Footprint

A mathematical operation used to perform calculations

Formula

Intel

Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest designer of computer chips. Its i5, i7, and i9 chips dominate the personal computer market.

AMD

Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside most gaming consoles including the PS5.

Built-in formulas included in a spreadsheet program

Function

Which two of the following are used for measuring typical hard drive capacities for personal computers?

Gigabytes Terabytes

Which of the following is fastest?

Gigahertz

Which three of the following colors are used to create pixels in most output devices?

Green Blue Red

The port/connector combination that is used for nearly all high-definition television or computer monitor connections for video and audio is ___.

HDMI

___ is the standard for video and audio input into televisions today.

HDMI

Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?

Hardware

Which of the following are characteristics of a traditional hard drive?

Has a read/write head to detect magnetic charges. Has physically spinning platters. Uses magnetic charges to store data.

What is equal to one cycle per second?

Hertz

A TV remote usually uses _____ radio waves.

IR (infrared)

T.V. remotes use ___ signals.

Infrared

IrDA stands for the __________ Data Association which establishes the protocols for infrared communication transfer.

Infrared, infrared, or infrared data association

The largest chip designing and manufacturing company in the world is ___

Intel

Memory located directly on the processor itself

L1 cache

Memory located next to the processor

L3 cache

A legal contract between the software manufacturer and the user of an application is called an End-User __________ Agreement.

License

The connector and port developed for Apple devices such as iPhones and iPads is called _____.

Lightning

The port found on most iPhones (prior to the iPhone 15) is referred to as a __ port.

Lightning

Which 3 of the following are the strengths of the Linux OS?

Linux OS has solid security features and is less susceptible to viruses. Linux is an operating system that is free to download and use. Linux is an open-source software that can be modified by users.

Which 2 of the following are true statements about the Linux OS?

Linux is an open-source software. Free for consumers to download and use.

The correct abbreviation for megahertz is:

MHz

This is a ___ connector.

MIDI

The interface and connectivity of digital musical devices to computers is accomplished by using _____.

MIDI (Musical Instrument Digital Interface)

The devices shown in the image (iPod, Chromecast, Roku, etc.) are referred to as Personal ___ Players

Media

Mainframe

More powerful than a server, less powerful than a supercomputer. Not designed to calculate huge formulas, but able to manage thousands of transactions simultaneously. Often operated by businesses such as large banks or credit card companies.

Which two of the following responses best define the term "resolution" in output devices?

Number of pixels in a display Quality of the image

Which three of the following are common spreadsheet application programs?

Numbers for Mac Google Docs (Sheets) Microsoft Excel

Which two of the following are commonly used database programs?

OpenOffice Base Microsoft Access

The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players.

Personal

The Apple iPod, Google Chromecast, Amazon Kindle Fire and Roku are examples of _____ Media Players. (Hint: do not use the name in the image)

Personal

Which of the following are being shown in this image?

Ports

Programs and data currently being used by the processor are placed in the ___.

RAM

The person in the image is installing ____ into a computer.

RAM

A type of interface that enables communication between digital devices, allows data transfer, and for devices to be electrically charged is called Universal __________ Bus.

Serial

A single page in a presentation program

Slide

Stores information about the theme and slide layouts of a presentation

Slide Master

A collection of pages arranged in sequence that contain text and images

Slide Show

Which three of the following devices are computers?

Smartphone Gaming console Laptop

The __ tool is used to capture a screen shot, or snip, of any image on the screen of a laptop or desktop computer,

Snipping

Can be added to a presentation to assist with what you are going to say while you are presenting

Speaker notes

Solid __________ Drives (SSDs) are all-electronic storage devices that are used in a variety of products including smartphones, cameras, and tablet computers. SSDs have no moving parts, which makes them faster and more durable than hard drives.

State

Which two of the following are usually considered the strengths of the macOS platform?

Strong graphics quality and graphical user interface (GUI). Very stable and reliable, few viruses

A computer that is highly mobile, often has a smaller operating system (OS), and uses a touchscreen as the primary input method is called a _____.

Tablet

table

The default view of a relational database. Organized in records and fields.

Primary Key

The field that uniquely identifies each record in a database.

Which three of the following statements are true regarding resolution?

The higher a screen's resolution, the more pixels it contains. Resolution refers to the number of pixels in a display device. Resolution refers to the sharpness and clarity of an image.

Execute

The processor completes the instruction

Checking the hard drive on a device running Windows 10 can be done using the _____ app.

This PC

A coding scheme capable of representing the languages of the world, __________ uses 16 bits to represent information.

UNICODE

This type of connector is the most common for connecting peripherals (printers, monitors, storage devices, etc.) to a computer.

USB

Which of the following is one of the ports shown in the image?

USB

Many computers today use _____, which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character.

Unicode

file server

Used for data storage.

Web Server

Used to control access to resources on the Web.

network server

Used to control access to resources such as printers and applications on a network.

Which of the following are characteristics of a traditional hard drive?

Uses magnetically charged plates to store data Commonly found in desktop computers

This close-up of the side of a laptop computer. To the left of the HDMI port is a(n)___ .

VGA port

This symbol universally stands for _____?

Wi-Fi

Which of the following is a strength of the Windows OS?

Wide availability of software options.

Determining which computer platform (operating system) would be best for a particular student often depends on what the student wants to study and in which industry she or he wants to enter after graduation. Students who plan to study science or engineering or want to focus on business (accounting or finance), as well as those who plan to work for the government should strongly consider the __ platform since it is generally considered the industry standard in those fields.

Windows OS

The most common OS for personal computers is Microsoft __________.

Windows or Windows 10

Which three of the following statements are true about the Snipping tool included in Microsoft Windows 10?

You can capture a snip of any object on your computer screen. The Snipping Tool can be used capture a screenshot or snip. Once you have captured the image you can annotate, save, or share the image

For which of the following two reasons, you might purchase a tablet computer rather than a laptop?

You need a computer that you can use while walking You need a highly mobile computer that works well for reading e-books or Netflix

A stationary (non-mobile) computer that combines the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look is a(n):

all-in-one

If you want a non-mobile computer without the relatively large footprint of a desktop, consider purchasing a(n) ___ computer.

all-in-one

Small application programs that are often utility programs and perform less complex operational functions and are commonly used to execute tasks in the Control Panel of Microsoft Windows are called ___.

applets

Smartphones owe much of their popularity and computing flexibility to ___ .

apps (applications)

Gigahertz means one _____ cycles (instructions) per second.

billion

The smallest unit of storage is called a __________. It is the data held or processed by a single transistor.

bit

A short-range wireless transmission protocol is known as _____.

bluetooth

The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the __________ process.

boot, bootloading, or booting

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a _____.

bus

The three factors that impact a processor's speed are clock speed, word size, and ___ .

bus width

The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .

bus width

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a __________

bus, buses, computer bus, or computer buses

Eight bits combined together equal one ___.

byte

One character of information, for example, a letter or a number consists of one ___.

byte

Memory and __________ hold data used by processors.

caches, disk cache, or cache

Identifies the location of a cell in a worksheet

cell reference

Clock speed, also referred to as _____ _____, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.

clock rate

The amount of data that defines each color in a pixel is called ___.

color depth

A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.

computer

A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a

computer or laptop

To reduce the time it takes to find files on a hard drive it is a good idea to _____ your hard drive.

defragment

As you use your hard drive new files will be deleted and added. This can create a slower, more disorganized hard drive. To speed it up you may want to __________ your hard drive. This process reduces unused disk sectors.

defragment, defrag, or defragmentation

The computer in the image is a ___

desktop

Screen size is measured by the ___.

diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen

Screen size is measured __________ from one corner of the screen to the other.

diagonally or diagonal

A computer that is integrated (is a part of) with a larger device, such as a programmable thermostat, is called a(n) __________ computer. It has a real-time operating system (RTOS).

embedded

This is ___ cable.

ethernet

A protocol commonly used to transfer large files from one server to another on the Internet is the ___.

file transfer protocol (FTP)

Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in _____.

gigabytes

The speed of most modern processors is measured in _____.

gigahertz

The output of visual images created by a computer is known as ____.

graphics

The depiction of image data on a display or output device is called __________.

graphics or graphic

The physical parts of a computer such as the system unit (like the tower unit shown) or a monitor are referred to as computer

hardware

A multicore processor has the ability to execute two or more sets of instructions at the same time. This is called _____.

hyperthreading

Which operating system is found on Apple smartphones and tablets?

iOS

A two-in-one computer combines a large tablet computer with a (usually) detachable ___

keyboard

A mobile hinged computer with an integrated keyboard that uses a full operating system is called a notebook or a ____ computer.

laptop

This personal computer is called a notebook or a __________. It is popular with students because it is relatively affordable and powerful and the integrated keyboard makes it easy to input text.

laptop

A legal contract between the software manufacturer and the user of an application is called an End-User __________ Agreement (EULA).

license or licensing

Determining which computer platform (operating system) would be best for a particular student often depends on what the student wants to study and in which industry she or he wants to enter after graduation. Students who plan to study graphic design or want to focus on photo production or publishing should strongly consider the __ platform since it is generally considered the industry standard in those fields.

macOS

The computer platform known for its graphics capability and stylish design is the ___ .

macOS

An organization that needs to process thousands of simultaneous transactions probably has a ___ computer

mainframe

Laptop computer

matches Choice Designed for those who need a mobile computer but need to enter a large amount of data

Megahertz means one _____ cycles (or instructions) per second.

million

In an all-in-one computer, such as the one pictured in the image, the motherboard is housed behind the _________.

monitor, screen, display, or touchscreen

Two or more complete processors residing on the same chip and capable of executing two or more sets of instructions at a time is called a ____-core processor.

multi

High-Definition __________ Interface is a standard interface for audio-video connectivity which allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals.

multimedia, media, multi media, or multi-media

The actual number of pixels (resolution) in a monitor is called __________ resolution.

native

The actual number of pixels in a monitor is called ___.

native resolution

A computer platform is commonly referred to as a(n) __________ system or OS.

operating, Operating, or operating system

Running the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called _____. This can increase performance and speed, but also can also void the manufacturer warranty.

overclocking

Microsoft __________ allows you to create shapes, lines, and offers a variety of tools to edit and create artwork.

paint, paint 3d, or Microsoft Paint 3D

A hole or slot in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector, is called a ___.

port

Apps designed to make individuals or businesses more efficient are categorized as:

productivity

Software comes in various categories. One category is system software, which provides the instructions that hardware needs to operate (iOS, Android, Windows, etc.). Another category is game software (League of Legends, Hearthstone, Angry Birds, etc.). Another category of software includes applications such as Office 365, iWork, QuickBooks, Googledocs, etc. This software is referred to as ___ software.

productivity

Wi-Fi waves are basically _____ waves.

radio

Digital device manufactures include separate chips of storage (nonvolatile) that contain instructions not designed to be rewritten or removed. An example of these instructions includes the basic input-output system (BIOS). This type of storage is separate from the hard drive and is referred to as __________-only memory (ROM).

read, read-only memory, or read-

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a ___

server

A software license that restricts the use of a program to one user at a time is known as a ___ .

single-user license

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.

slower

A cell phone that allows you to surf the web is called a(n) ___. This is actually a powerful computer capable of accepting input, processing data into information, providing data, and storing data.

smartphone

Which 3 of the following provide data storage?

solid-state drive (SSD) Internal hard drive External hard drive

Devices allowing the retention of data, when your computer has been shut down, for future use are called __.

storage

The four basic functions of a computer are to: 1 - accept data input2 - process data into information3 - present output4 - provide

storage, storing, or ability to store

Most desktop computers come with a traditional hard drive. The purpose of the hard drive is to __________ data.

store or save

Programs that offer the structure and hardware control necessary to run the computer and its peripheral devices are called _____ software.

system

Programs that offer the structure and hardware control necessary to run the computer and its peripheral devices are called __________ software.

system, operating system, or OS

If you plan to become an accountant or major in finance, it is probably best to purchase a computer that uses ___ operating system.

the Windows

One type of storage device is a ___ .

universal serial bus (USB) drive

Programs that perform specific maintenance tasks on computers are commonly referred to as ___ programs.

utility

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between ____.

1-4 gigahertz

Sometimes called a convertible laptop, a type of laptop that has a removable, or concealed keyboard as well as a touchscreen so that it can be used as a tablet is called a(n) ___

2-in-1

Click 3 characteristics of desktop computers.

Desktops use a full OS. Desktops allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion. Desktops are often used in offices since they do not need to be mobile.

Nvidia

Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors.

Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.

Has as a touchscreen Usually has a mobile operating system Is highly mobile

Which three of the following are commonly associated with laptop computers?

Integrated keyboard, monitor, and touchpad Full operating system Mobile

The computer in the image is a ___

Laptop

Not a feature of a tablet computer

Most allow you to upgrade RAM , Choice Include a terabyte (TB) or more of storage.

supercomputer

Most powerful type of computer. Many of these are owned by research universities and government agencies such as the NSA. NASA uses them to determine gravitational fluctuations that might indicate additional planets in the solar system

desktop computer

Not mobile, but allows for relatively easy upgrade and expansion.

All-in-one computer

Not mobile, but since most of its components are housed behind the monitor it takes relatively little space on your desk.

IPOS refers to the four basic computing functions. IPOS stands for Input, ___, Output, and Storage.

Processing

The instructions needed to boot-up a computer, such as the basic input/output system (BIOS), are typically stored in _____.

ROM (Read Only Memory)

Which two of the following are computers?

Smartphone Gaming console

The computer in the image is a ___

Tablet

Tablet computer

Tablet computers are highly portable , Choice Smaller OS (usually) , Choice Touchscreen is primary input

Which two of the following statements are correct regarding the CPU?

The CPU is located on the motherboard of the computer. The CPU is integrated into a chip called a microprocessor.

Which three of the following are correct statements regarding clock speed?

The clock speed is the base speed at which the processor performs the machine cycle each second. Clock speed is sometimes called clock rate. Increasing the clock speed of a processor is called overclocking.

Which three of the following are common types of servers?

Web Server File Server Network Server

Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers

all-in-one

A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called __________.

cache, l2 cache, or l1 cache

Hard drive __________ is the amount of storage you have available to save data and information.

capacity, space, or size

Memory, such as RAM or cache, is __ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

This personal computer is called a notebook or a _________. It is popular with students because it is relatively affordable and powerful and the integrated keyboard makes it easy to input text.

laptop or laptop computer

Fetch, decode, execute, and store are steps of the _____ cycle.

machine

While not designed to solve complex technical formulas, a computer that is more powerful than a server computer, and used by organizations to process large numbers of transactions simultaneously is called a

mainframe

Tablet computer

matches Choice Highly mobile device that can be used while standing or even walking

Decode

matches Choice The instructions are converted into something the computer can understand

The system unit of a computer houses the computer's main circuit board. This circuit board, which holds the CPU, is called the

motherboard or mother board

Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.

much smaller than computer's RAM

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___.

not saved

A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a _________.

server

A processor composed of one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a:

single-core processor

A processor with one control unit and one arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is called a ____.

single-core processor

A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a __________ device.

storage

The most powerful computers, __________, can evaluate complex data very quickly. Many of these computers in the United States are owned by the government or major research institutions and can cost $1 million dollars or more.

supercomputers, super computers, supercomputer, or super computer

This personal computer is a good choice for gamers who want to be able to expand its capabilities and for families with children who might drop a laptop. It's called a __________ computer.

desktop, desktop computer, or desk top

Small computers that are a component of other devices are called ___ computers.

embedded

The computer that can be found inside a programmable coffee pot is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.

embedded

The location of the computer's ___ unit, which houses a computer's motherboard, depends on the type of computer. For example, in this laptop, it is located under the keyboard.

system