Chapter 3 Test

The type of fiber that commercial processors extract from chicory root is called _____. a. inulin b. lignin c. vegetable gum d. cellulose

inulin

Most salts are fortified with _____ to prevent goiter and cretinism. a. sodium b. iodine c. vitamin B12 d. calcium

iodine

What is the word used to describe the process by which water splits a larger molecule into two smaller molecules? a. Hydrolysis b. Fission c. Hydration d. Fusion

Hydrolysis

Plant food sources that are high in fat include a. apples and zucchini. b. avocados and coconut. c. grapes and mushrooms. d. bananas and eggplant.

avocados and coconut.

An alkaline pH contributes to a _____ taste in foods. a. salty b. sweet c. bitter d. spicy

bitter

Sucrose is an example of a(n) __________. a. monosaccharide b. disaccharide c. oligosaccharide d. polysaccharide

disaccharide

All of the following enzymes are used by the food industry to tenderize meat, except a. rennin. b. ficin. c. papain. d. bromelain.

rennin.

Vitamin D is an example of a _____. a. sterol b. saturated fatty acid c. oligosaccharide d. triglyceride

sterol

All living things contain six key elements (or atoms): carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, and _____. a. sodium b. sulfur c. selenium d. strontium

sulfur

Which of the following groups is a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids? a. Meats b. Fruits c. Dairy products d. Most vegetable oils

Most vegetable oils

How many calories of energy per gram does water require to boil and vaporize? a. 540 b. 320 c. 480 d. 207

540

The human body is made up of an average of ______% water. a. 20-30 b. 40-50 c. 60-70 d. 80-90

60-70

Which of the following foods is an example of a complete protein source? a. Egg b. Spinach c. Jell-O d. Carrot

Egg

Which kilocalorie source contains the most kilocalories per gram? a. Carbohydrate b. Protein c. Fat d. Alcohol

Fat

Which of the following foods is an example of a monosaturated fat source? a. Butter b. Steak c. Fish d. Olive

Olive

Which of the following words is used to describe the group of nonnutritive plant compounds that may have protective effects against certain types of cancer? a. Triglycerides b. Vitamins c. Minerals d. Phytochemicals

Phytochemicals

Meat is a good source of all of the following nutrients, except a. iron. b. zinc. c. B vitamins. d. calcium.

calcium

A liquid-in-liquid mixture is an example of a(n) _____. a. gel b. foam c. emulsion d. distillation

emulsion

Orange juice that has had calcium added during processing is considered to be _________ . a. hydrolyzed b. fortified c. enriched d. purified

fortified

The class of enzyme used to break a chemical bond within a molecule by adding a molecule of water is called _____. a. isomerases b. lyases c. hydrolases d. oxidoreductases

hydrolases

Enriched foods have the vitamins thiamin, riboflavin, folate, niacin, and the mineral _____ (and sometimes calcium) added back to levels established by federal standards for breads and cereals. a. iron b. potassium c. selenium d. phosphorus

iron

A carbohydrate that consists of eight monosaccharides linked together is a(n) _____. a. monosaccharide b. disaccharide c. oligosaccharide d. polysaccharide

oligosaccharide