Chapter 31 Adrenergic Blocking Antagonists PrepU
Propranolol is used in the treatment of which disorders?
All of the above (HTN, angina, arrhythmias)
When caring for a patient who has been digitalized for his heart failure, the nurse observes that the patient is experiencing bradycardia. Which drug should be administered to patients who develop bradycardia?
Atropine
A patient who experiences panic attacks in social situations has been prescribed an antianxiety medication. Which of the following should the nurse check before administering the drug?
Blood pressure
Which agent would the nurse identify as available only in oral form?
Carvedilol
A 96-year-old client is receiving digoxin (Lanoxin) and furosemide (Lasix). In the morning, the client reports a headache and nausea. What will the nurse do first?
Check the client's laboratory values and vital signs
A nurse is caring for a patient receiving cholinergic-blocking drug therapy. The patient complains of impaired comfort due to severe mouth dryness. What nursing intervention should the nurse perform when caring for this patient?
Check the oral cavity daily for soreness or ulcerations
The pharmacology instructor is discussing anti-adrenergic drugs with the nursing students. What drug would the instructor explain to the students has agonist effects at presynaptic Alpha2 receptors in the brain?
Clonidine
A nurse is planning an in-service program for a group of staff nurses about heart failure and its treatment. The nurse would identify which agent as the most commonly used drug for treatment?
Digoxin
After teaching a class of students about heart failure and drug therapy, the instructor determines that the teaching has been successful when the students identify which drug as most often used as treatment?
Digoxin
Which would the nurse identify as a cardiac glycoside?
Digoxin
Adrenergic blockers are often called sympathomimetic agents.
False
Nonselective beta blockers are the drugs of choice for treating hypertension in patients who smoke.
False
The nurse is teaching a female patient about newly prescribed digoxin. The patient tells the nurse that she occasionally uses herbal therapies. The nurse should caution the patient against using therapies that involve which herbs?
Ginseng
A nurse is caring for a patient on metaraminol therapy. The patient is also to be administered bretylium under close supervision. Which of the following risks will this maximize?
Increased risk of arrhythmias
A patient has been prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) for depression. During the initial interview with the patient, the nurse understands that the patient is also receiving an adrenergic agent. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the effect of interaction between MAOIs and adrenergic agents?
Increased risk of cardiac arrhythmias
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed an opiate. What nursing intervention should the nurse perform as a part of the ongoing assessment?
Inquire about the pain experienced by patient
A nurse is assigned to care for a patient who is to be administered a cholinergic-blocking drug. Which of the following pieces of patient-related information should the nurse obtain to understand that the drug has to be used cautiously in this patient?
The patient has a decreased liver function.
A client has been prescribed the nonselective beta-adrenergic blocker, timolol for for the treatment of open angle glaucoma. What instructions should the nurse provide to assure the effectiveness of the medication?
The proper method for instilling eye drops
Most nonselective adrenergic blockers are used to treat hypertension.
True
A nurse is caring for a client in the critical care unit. Phentolamine (Regitine, OraVerse) has been ordered for the management of tissue necrosis caused by extravasation of parenterally administered drugs. Before administering this drug, the nurse will check the client's chart for indications of:
history of acute myocardial infarction
Beta-1 selective blockers have what as an effect?
reduction in arrhythmia
A patient is receiving sotalol. Which instruction would be most important for the nurse to provide to the patient to ensure maximum effectiveness of the drug?
"Be sure to take the drug on an empty stomach."
A pregnant woman has severe hypertension and the provider orders a beta blocker. The client wants to know if it is safe for the fetus. How should the nurse respond?
"Beta blockers are recommended for pregnant women because the risk to the fetus is less than with other drugs."
A male client diagnosed with bone cancer has an order for clonidine on his chart. The nurse is concerned that this may be a mistake and asks another nurse why clonidine would be ordered for this client. What would be an appropriate response from the second nurse?
"Clonidine is sometimes prescribed for severe pain in cancer clients like this client."
A male client diagnosed with bone cancer has an order for clonidine on his chart. The nurse is concerned that this may be a mistake and asks another nurse why clonidine would be ordered for this client. What would be an appropriate response from the second nurse?
"Clonidine is sometimes prescribed for severe pain in cancer clients like this client." Clonidine is prescribed to treat severe pain in clients with cancer. Clonidine does not have an effect on cancer cells. A nurse should not blindly follow orders. Clonidine is given for hypertension, not hypotension.
A male client has been prescribed an alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agent to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) 2 weeks ago. Which assessment question should the nurse ask to evaluate for the expected result of this medication therapy?
"Has your urine stream improved since beginning the medication?"
A male client has been prescribed an alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agent to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) 2 weeks ago. Which assessment question should the nurse ask to evaluate for the expected result of this medication therapy?
"Has your urine stream improved since beginning the medication?" Alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking agents are used to treat hypertension and are often used to treat BPH because of their relaxing effects on the bladder and prostate. Reporting a better urine stream would indicate the medication therapy has achieved its therapeutic goal. None of the other options assess an expected outcome for alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking medication therapy.
Which patient statement indicates the need for additional teaching about propranolol?
"I can stop the drug once my blood pressure is controlled."
A nurse is caring for a 55-year-old client who is receiving sustained-release metoprolol. What statement by the patient would lead the nurse to believe that the client needs additional instruction?
"I can take any over-the-counter pain reliever while on metoprolol."
The nurse has provided teaching for a client who has a new order for nadolol (Corgard) to treat hypertension. What statement by the client concerning nadolol (Corgard) would indicate that the teaching has been effective?
"I should never stop taking this drug abruptly, but will taper the doses gradually."
A nurse is giving medication instruction to a client who is taking metoprolol (Lopressor). Which statement by the client would indicate that teaching has been effective?
"I should never stop taking this drug abruptly."
The male client is prescribed prazosin (Minipress) for hypertension. He asks the nurse how the medication works. What is the nurse's best response?
"It works by making your blood vessels dilate."
A 75-year-old male client was admitted to the unit with angina. The client was started on nadolol (Corgard). The client asks why this medication was prescribed since the client does not have high blood pressure. What is the nurse's best response?
"Some beta blockers are approved as anti-anginal agents."
A patient is to receive metoprolol. What would the nurse include in the teaching plan for this patient?
"Take this drug with food to help promote its absorption."
A female client has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. She asks the nurse why she is taking a medication that decreases her blood pressure like her grandmother takes. What is the nurse's best response when teaching her about the action and use of propranolol (Inderal) in the treatment of hyperthyroidism?
"The administration of propranolol will decrease your heart rate." The administration of propranolol (Inderal) to a client who has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism will allow for decreased heart rate. It is not administered to promote bronchodilation, prevent respiratory depression, or decrease systolic blood pressure.
A female client has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. She asks the nurse why she is taking a medication that decreases her blood pressure like her grandmother takes. What is the nurse's best response when teaching her about the action and use of propranolol (Inderal) in the treatment of hyperthyroidism?
"The administration of propranolol with decrease your heart rate."
A client is asking how alpha adrenergic blocking medications work. Which is the nurse's best response?
"They relax the smooth muscle of blood vessels by vasodilatation."
A client is hospitalized for heart failure and is being treated with a beta blocker. What client teaching should the nurse include about side effects? Select all that apply.
"You may feel light-headed and dizzy when you stand up, so ask for assistance prior to getting out of bed." "Your heart rate will decrease so, your blood pressure could become low, too. Notify the nurse if you feel like you are lightheaded."
A nurse should observe which clients more carefully during the use of propranolol (Inderal) due to the increase likelihood of adverse reactions? (Select all that apply.)
-Clients with asthma -Clients with diabetes -Clients with peptic ulcer disease
The instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of students that describes nonselective beta adrenergic blockers. What would the instructor address? (Select all that apply.)
-Nebivolol -Pindolol -Timolol
A nurse would administer phentolamine to a client for which conditions? (Select all that apply.)
-Preoperative hypertension -Treatment of dopamine extravasation tissue damage -Pheochromocytoma-induced hypertension
The oldest and most extensively studied beta-blocker, propranolol, is used to treat a wide variety of conditions. What is an indicated condition for propranolol use? (Select all that apply.)
-Prevention of migraine headache -Palpation and tremor associated with stage fright
The client has been ordered a non-selective beta-blocking agent called propranolol, PO. Propranolol is used in the treatment of which disorders?
-hypertension -arrhythmias -angina
Assessment has identified that a client with a history of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAO) therapy has also been taking an adrenergic drug for several days. What assessments should the nurse focus on to monitor the possible adverse reaction of the combination of medications? Select all that apply.
-level of consciousness -respiratory distress -cardiac dysrhythmia -seizure
The nurse identifies the therapeutic range for digoxin as:
0.8 to 2 ng/mL.
After administering the oral form of labetalol to a patient, the nurse would monitor the patient for a peak drug effect at which time?
1 to 2 hours
A patient is experiencing an acute myocardial infarction. The physician orders metoprolol to be given as an intravenous bolus injection. The patient responds, and the physician then orders metoprolol oral therapy. The nurse would expect to administer the first oral dose at which time after the last intravenous bolus dose?
15 minutes
A nurse caring for a patient with atrial fibrillation who is started on digitalis is required to monitor plasma digitalis levels in the patient's blood. Which plasma level of digitalis indicates that the nurse should report to the practitioner?
2.2 ng/ml
A client experiences nausea and visual disturbances when taking digoxin (Lanoxin). The nurse would anticipate the client's digitalis level to be:
2.7 nanograms/mL
A client is receiving furosemide. When monitoring daily laboratory values, what should the potassium level be for this client?
3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
In what client is propranolol (Inderal) contraindicated?
35-year-old post-MI female with heart rate 42
A patient receives intravenous labetalol. The nurse would expect this drug to exert its maximum effectiveness within which time frame?
5 minutes
Which of the following are classified as dopaminergic drugs? Select all that apply:
A - Amantadine (Symmetrel) B - Bromocriptine (Parlodel) D - Carbidopa (Lodosyn)
Parkinsonism may result from which of the following? Select all that apply:
A - Drugs D - Encephalitis
Which of the following are true about the enzyme acetylcholinesterase?
A - makes the parasympathetic nervous system function differently. E - activity results in the prevention of nerve synapses to continue nerve impulses
In which patient is metoprolol mostly likely contraindicated?
A 35-year-old post-MI female with a heart rate of 42 bpm
The nurse is preparing medications for administration on the unit. In which client is metoprolol mostly likely contraindicated?
A 35-year-old post-MI female with a heart rate of 42 bpm
A client has been prescribed labetalol. What assessment evaluates the effectiveness of the medication?
A decrease from baseline blood pressure. Labetalol is an adrenergic blocking agent prescribed to lower blood pressure. Monitor patient response to the drug by documenting improvement (lowering) in blood pressure. Cardiac arrhythmias and orthostatic hypotension are side effectives of the medication. Abrupt withdrawal of the medication can induce an MI with the associated chest pain.
A nurse is monitoring a patient with Alzheimer's disease for initiation of tacrine HCL therapy. In which of the following patients is the administration of tacrine contraindicated?
A patient with asthma.
Which of the following represents a pharmacokinetic phase? Select all that apply.
Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion
A patient has been prescribed dopamine. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform during the drug regimen?
Administer dopamine only via IV route
First-dose effect occurs when the client experiences marked hypotension and syncope with sudden loss of consciousness with the first few doses of the sympatholytic. Which intervention might be helpful for the nurse to do to decrease the risk for first-dose effect?
Administer the dose at bedtime The nurse can administer the dose at bedtime to decrease the risk of first-dose effect. The nurse should never administer half the prescribed dose, or at longer intervals than prescribed, any modifications must be ordered by the health care provider. Administering any drugs with food must be approved as food can delay absorption and may be contraindicated.
When administering sotalol to a patient, which would be most appropriate?
Administer the drug before meals.
Which of the following ethnic groups would benefit from atenolol/chlorthalidone (Tenoretic) over lisinopril (Prinivil) for the treatment of hypertension? (Choose one)
African Americans
Propranolol is used in the treatment of which disorders?
All the above (Arrhythmias, Hypertension, and Angina)
Which of the following are examples of benzodiazepine antianxiety drugs? Select all that apply:
Alprazolam (Xanax) Chlordiazepoxide (Librium) Lorazepam (Ativan)
A patient has recently been prescribed a drug that treats his hypertension by blocking the sympathetic receptors in his sympathetic nervous system. This action is characteristic of:
An adrenergic antagonist.
A client has been diagnosed with pheochromocytoma and has severe hypertension. The nurse knows that the client would be prescribed which type of medication?
An alpha-adrenergic blocker
Propranolol (Inderal) is used extensively as treatment for what condition?
Angina The beta-adrenergic blocking agents are used to treat cardiovascular problems (hypertension, angina, migraine headaches) and to prevent reinfarction after MI. These drugs are widely used today and include: carteolol (Cartrol), nadolol (Corgard), nebivolol (Bystolic), penbutolol (Levator), pindolol (Visken), propranolol (Inderal), sotalol (Betapace, Betapace AF), and timolol (Blocadren, Timoptic). The prototype drug, propranolol, was in fact the most prescribed drug in the country in the 1980s. Propranolol does not prevent first MIs and it is not used for hypotension or cluster headaches.
The nurse observes that after administration of a drug the patient has developed swollen eyelids, lips, and mouth. What is this kind of drug reaction called?
Angioedema
A patient with dementia of Alzheimer's disease is prescribed tacrine HCL. Which of the following adverse effects associated with the administration of cholinesterase inhibitors should the nurse assess for when caring for the patient?
Anorexia and nausea
What is the most accurate method for preventing adverse effects associated with the use of digoxin?
Assess the client's heart rate and hold administration if it is less than 60.
A patient has a history of smoking. Which agent would the nurse most likely expect to be ordered?
Atenolol Atenolol is a beta-1 selective adrenergic blocker. This agent would be preferred for the patient who smokes because the drug does not usually block beta-1 receptor sites. Subsequently, it does not block the sympathetic bronchodilation that would be important for this patient. Timolol, pindolol, and nadolol are nonselective beta-adrenergic blockers that would block this sympathetic bronchodilation.
A female client presents to the emergency department with nausea, vomiting, and a heart rate of 45 beats per minute. Her husband states that she takes digoxin, Lasix, and nitroglycerin for chest pain. Laboratory results confirm digoxin toxicity. The nurse would expect the health care provider to order what medication to treat the bradycardia?
Atropine
A patient has been prescribed Didrex. Which of the following precautions should the nurse take while administering the drug?
Avoid administering antidepressants.
A patient is admitted to a local health care facility for chronic insomnia. The physician prescribes eszopiclone. What should the nurse teach the patient when administering eszopiclone?
Avoid drinking alcohol
A nurse is caring for a patient with dementia of Alzheimer's disease. The patient's family believes that the use of ginseng will help improve the patient's condition. Which of the following dietary instructions should the nurse provide to the patient's family when using ginseng?
Avoid stimulants containing caffeine.
Which of the following are classified as sympatholytic drugs? Select all that apply
B - Alpha-adrenergic blockers C - Beta-adrenergic blockers
Which of the following are true in regards to cholinesterase inhibitors? Select all that apply:
B - inhibits the breakdown of acetylcholine C - slows neural destruction
The nurse is caring for a client who suddenly stopped taking a chronically prescribed beta-adrenergic blocking drug prescribed for hypertension. The client's blood pressure (BP) ranged from 110/70 to 130/70 mm Hg and heart rate (HR) ranged 60 to 90 beats per minute while taking the drug. The nurse would predict which assessment findings to support the expected beta-adrenergic responsiveness?
BP: 200/100 mm Hg; HR 110
A patient is experiencing urinary retention. He has been prescribed terazosin (Hytrin). What condition contributes to the urinary retention?
Benign prostatic hypertrophy
Which are classified as sympatholytic drugs? (Select all that apply.)
Beta-adrenergic blockers Alpha-adrenergic blockers Alpha- and beta-adrenergic blockers are classified as sympatholytic drugs.
The nurse knows that which class of drugs prevents epinephrine and norepinephrine from occupying receptor sites on the cell membranes?
Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs prevent epinephrine and norepinephrine from occupying receptor sites on cell membranes. Beta-adrenergic drugs stimulate epinephrine and norepinephrine release so that they can occupy more of the receptor sites. Beta Blocking agonist cause epinephrine to bind to sites causing airways to open. There is no such thing as beta-helping drugs.
A 71-year-old black woman with a history of diabetes for a follow-up appointment after visiting ED for increased angina. As a beta2 receptor blockade has been prescribed to better control the chest pain, what other teaching is very important about this pharmacological intervention?
Beta2 receptor blockade use results in less effective glucose metabolism, especially when accompanied with anti-diabetic medications
Which agent would be the most likely drug of choice for an older adult patient with hypertension who requires an adrenergic blocker?
Bisoprolol
A nurse is caring for a 60-year-old patient with a peptic ulcer. The patient is administered belladonna alkaloids by the nurse. Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor for when caring for this patient?
Blurred vision
Which of the following are examples of nonbenzodiazepine antianxiety drugs? Select all that apply:
Buspirone(Buspar) Hydroxyzine(Atarax)
A patient with cortical focal seizures has been prescribed phenobarbital. What adverse reaction should the nurse monitor for in the patient?
CNS Depression
A client has been admitted to the cardiac unit for heart failure and has been ordered carvedilol (Coreg). The client's blood pressure is 80/50. What should the nurse do?
Call the provider and advise them of the client's blood pressure prior to administering the medication
A client has been admitted to the cardiac unit for heart failure. The nurse is going to administer carvedilol (Coreg). The client's blood pressure is 80/50. What should the nurse do?
Call the provider and advise them of the client's blood pressure prior to administering the medication.
A nurse is caring for a patient undergoing glaucoma treatment. The nurse knows that which of the following combinations of drugs need to be administered to the patient to produce an additive effect on the treatment?
Carbachol and Pilocarpine
A patient has been administered dobutamine HCL. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor for in the patient?
Cardiac arrhythmias
A patient has been prescribed edrophonium for myasthenia gravis. Which of the following can the nurse monitor as a general adverse reaction in the patient?
Cardiac arrhythmias
Understanding that beta-blockers are used mainly for cardiovascular disorders, which is not an indication for beta-blocker use?
Cardiac bradydysrhythmia
A client has come to get lab results at the cardiology clinic. The nurse notes that the digoxin level is elevated. The nurse knows that what other medication may be responsible for the increase in digoxin level?
Carvedilol
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about adrenergic blockers. The students demonstrate understanding when they identify which as an example of an alpha/beta-adrenergic blocking drug?
Carvedilol Carvedilol is an example of an alpha/beta-adrenergic blocking drug. Metoprolol is a beta blocker. Prazosin is a peripherally acting antiadrenergic drug. Reserpine is a peripherally acting antiadrenergic drug.
A patient is prescribed opioid analgesic. During the initial interview with the patient, the nurse understands that the patient chronically drinks alcohol. Which of the following effect of the interaction between opioid analgesic and alcohol should the nurse monitor for in the patient?
Central nervous system depression
A nurse is caring for an elderly patient who is to be administered isoproterenol. Which of the following changes monitored in the patient should the nurse report immediately to the primary healthcare provider?
Changes in pulse rate
A nurse has administered drugs to a patient as per the physician's orders. Which of the following activities should the nurse perform after administering a drug to the patient?
Check for adverse drug reactions
A patient is prescribed memantine for the treatment of dementia of Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor in the patient?
Confusion
A client has been prescribed a beta blocker. The nurse knows that beta blockers can have which effect on the heart?
Decrease the heart rate
A client has been prescribed a beta blocker. The nurse knows that beta blockers can have which effect on the heart?
Decrease the heart rate Beta blockers decrease (not increase) heart rate and dilate blood vessels (not the heart itself). Beta blockers do not prevent normal sinus rhythm.
A patient is being administered nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and beta-adrenergic blocker drugs. What effect should the nurse monitor for when a patient is given both of these medications?
Decreased effect of the beta blocker
A patient is undergoing lithium therapy at a health care facility. The patient informs the nurse that he is taking antacids for heartburn. Which of the following is a possible effect of the interaction of lithium with antacids?
Decreased effectiveness of lithium
What would a nurse expect to assess in a patient who is receiving a nonselective adrenergic agent?
Decreased renin levels
A nurse is caring for a patient with depression. The patient has been prescribed amitriptyline, a tricyclic antidepressant. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the effect of this antidepressant on the patient's body?
Decreased reuptake of norepinephrine
A patient has been prescribed an adrenergic blocking drug for glaucoma. Which nursing intervention should the nurse follow while educating the patient?
Demonstrate the technique of eye drop instillation.
A nurse is working with a patient who is taking an adrenergic blocking agent. While assessing the patient's medication history, the nurse discovers that the patient takes several alternative therapies. What herb is the nurse concerned may interact with the adrenergic blocking agent and affect the patient's blood glucose level?
Di huang
What conclusion should the nurse draw when a client's digoxin level is reported to be 2.2 ng/mL?
Digitalis toxicity is a possibility
A 58-year-old man is admitted to the emergency department. A diagnosis of severe digoxin toxicity is made. Bradycardia is present, and an electrocardiogram (ECG) confirms toxicity. The nurse will administer which drug?
Digoxin immune fab
A male client is diagnosed with heart failure. The health care provider orders a loading dose of digoxin. Loading doses are necessary for what reason?
Digoxin's long half-life makes therapeutic serum levels difficult to obtain without loading.
A patient dependent on sleeping pills is administered drugs by the nurse to help him sleep. However, the patient continues to be restless and is wide-awake. Which of the following terms describes the patient's condition?
Drug Tolerance
For which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor the patient who has been administered antipsychotic drugs?
Dry Mouth
A patient undergoing antianxiety drug therapy complains of constipation. What reason should the nurse provide to the patient for this condition?
Dryness of mucous membranes
A nurse is caring for a 55-year-old patient with Parkinson's disease. The nurse is required to administer entacapone to the patient. What adverse reaction of the drug administration should the nurse monitor for in the patient?
Dyskinesias
Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform regarding the diet of a patient who is being administered lithium?
Ensure that extra salt is added to foods
A nurse is caring for a patient with depression. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse closely monitor the patient for?
Extreme sadness
A patient who was on benzodiazepine antianxiety drug therapy intends to discontinue the treatment. What should the nurse suggest regarding continuation of the medication?
Gradually decrease dosage schedule.
The client has been ordered a nonselective beta-blocking agent called propranolol, PO. Propranolol is used in the treatment of which disorders?
HTN, angina, arrhythmias,, hypertrophic sub aortic stenosis, migraine prophylaxis, and MI
A client is started on carvedilol therapy after experiencing a myocardial infarction (MI). The nurse will monitor the client for the medication's effect on which post MI condition? Select all that apply.
HTN, right sided heart failure, left sided ventricular dysfunction
A nurse is caring for a patient who is being administered alprazolam. What initial adverse reaction of alprazolam should the nurse assess for?
Headache
One of the phases of drug development is the post-marketing surveillance phase. Which one of the following activities is carried out during this phase?
Health care providers report adverse effects to FDA
The autonomic nervous system controls which of the following body functions?
Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, Glandular Secretions, GI Activity
What information identified by the client's history should the nurse consider to be a contraindication for the administration of a non selective beta-adrenergic blocker?
History of exercise-induced asthma
The nurse recognizes that treatment for digitalis toxicity includes which of the following?
Holding the medication
A patient has been administered dobutamine. The patient is also being administered β-adrenergic blocking drugs. Which of the following adverse reactions should the nurse monitor for in the patient as a result of combining the two drugs?
Hypertension
The nursing instructor is discussing digoxin-induced dysrhythmias. What risk factor would the instructor identify as increasing risk of dysrhythmia in a client taking digoxin?
Hypokalemia
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been administered a barbiturate. Which of the following are symptoms of barbiturate toxicity that the nurse must monitor the patient for?
Hypotension
When administering milrinone (Primacor), the nurse should observe the client for which adverse effect?
Hypotension
While beta-blockers have proven themselves effective in decreasing cardiac workload, chronic use is associated with undesired effects in those with cardiovascular disease, including:
Increased VLDL and decreased HDL cholesterol levels.
A patient with glaucoma has been prescribed carbachol. The patient informs the nurse that he recently had a bacterial infection and has been taking an aminoglycoside antibiotic. Why should the nurse caution the patient against the use of aminoglycoside antibiotics along with carbachol?
Increased neuromuscular blocking effect
After reviewing information about nonselective adrenergic blockers, a group of students demonstrate a need for additional teaching when they identify what as an effect of these agents?
Increased pulse rate Nonselective adrenergic blockers block the effects of norepinephrine at the alpha and beta receptors in the sympathetic nervous system, leading to a slower pulse rate, lowering of blood pressure, increased renal perfusion, and decreased renin levels.
A patient admitted to the health care facility for alcohol withdrawal has been prescribed an antianxiety medication. Why should the nurse suggest the patient to stop consuming alcohol while therapy is going on?
Increased risk for CNS depression
A nurse is caring for a patient on buspirone (antianxiety) therapy. The patient is also to be administered digoxin under close supervision. Which of the following risks will this maximize?
Increased risk for digitalis toxicity
A 60-year-old patient with rheumatoid arthritis visits the health care facility for a regular checkup. The patient informs the nurse that he has been using an over-the-counter NSAID for the last few days. Why should the nurse caution the patient against the use of NSAIDs on a long-term basis?
Increased risk of GI bleeding
A patient has been administered donepezil HCL for dementia. The patient has informed the nurse that she has also been taking nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Which of the following interactions should the nurse monitor for in this patient?
Increased risk of GI bleeding
A patient with an overactive bladder has been prescribed solifenacin by the physician. The patient is also taking digoxin for the treatment of a cardiac dysrhythmia. The nurse should monitor for which of the following effects occurring due to the interaction of these two drugs?
Increased serum levels of digoxin
A nurse is caring for a patient who is prescribed flurazepam. Which of the following is an effect of flurazepam?
Induces sleep
Milrinone (Primacor) is a miscellaneous inotropic drug used in the short-term management of heart failure. What is the only way this drug is approved to be administered?
Intravenously
A patient with muscle ache would like to use an over-the-counter NSAID. The patient informs a nurse that he is taking antihypertensive drugs for blood pressure control. Why should the nurse caution the patient against the use of an NSAID while on antihypertensive drug therapy?
It causes decreased effectiveness of the antihypertensive drug.
A male client presents to the emergency department reporting rapid heart rate, severe headache, and pounding in his chest. While obtaining his history, the nurse learns that the client stopped taking his medications because he ran out and didn't have funds to fill his prescriptions. The nurse knows that which medications being abruptly stopped could be causing his symptoms?
Labetalol
A client presents to the emergency department reporting rapid heart rate, severe headache, and pounding in the chest. While obtaining the clients history, the nurse learns the client stopped taking medications because the prescriptions ran out and had no funds to refill them. The nurse knows that which medications being abruptly stopped could be causing these symptoms?
Labetalol Abruptly stopping an adrenergic blocking drug can cause increased heart rate, hypertension, headache, and pounding in the chest. Antidepressants have a long half-life, so side effects when they are discontinued take longer to develop. Stopping Tylenol PM may cause pain to resurface and an inability to sleep but not usually hypertension, rapid heart beat, and pounding in the chest. Stopping Reglan abruptly does not normally cause any sudden symptoms.
The nursing students are learning about digoxin therapy in their pharmacology class. The students will learn that there is a higher risk of digoxin toxicity in clients with
Low serum potassium levels
A male client is diagnosed with cirrhosis of the liver. He also takes digoxin for a diagnosis of atrial fibrillation. The nurse anticipates that the physician will order what in connection with the digoxin medication?
Maintain the current digoxin dose
A patient with cardiac arrhythmia is treated with an anti-adrenergic drug. Which of the following generalized reactions should the nurse monitor with centrally acting anti-adrenergic drugs when administered to the patient?
Malaise
An elderly client has been prescribed phenobarbital for seizure control. What unusual effects of the drug should the nurse onitor in the elderly client?
Marked excitement
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving cardiotonic drugs. The patient has edema. Which intervention should be taken to alleviate edema?
Measure of intake and output
A nurse is caring for a patient with seizure disorders. The patient has been prescribed phenytoin. Which of the following ongoing assessment activities should a nurse perform during the treatment?
Measure regular serum plasma levels of the drug.
A nurse is caring for a patient with arrhythmia. What nursing interventions should the nurse perform when a patient with life-threatening arrhythmia receives an adrenergic-blocking drug through IV?
Monitor blood pressure and respiratory rate
A patient is being treated with Dilantin for treatment of seizures. Which of the following should the nurse monitor to prevent toxic reactions to drugs in a patient?
Monitor patient's blood level of the drug
The nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to a 9-month-old infant. What must the nurse do prior to administration of this medication?
Monitor the infant's apical pulse
A patient with respiratory depression is administered an opioid antagonist by the nurse. What ongoing assessment should the nurse perform when administering the opioid antagonist to the patient?
Monitor vital signs every 5-15 mins
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client who is taking atenolol (Tenormin) for hypertension. What would the nurse teach the client regarding the possible drug-to-drug interactions and what the client is advised to avoid?
NSAIDs
Which of the following must be documented on a prescription? Select all that apply.
Name/Dosage of Drug, Route of drug administration, Times of drug administration, Licensed prescriber's signature
A patient has been prescribed Modafinil for the treatment of narcolepsy. Which of the following is a possible reaction that the nurse should monitor for?
Nausea
Which drug is in the class of drugs called human B-type natriuretic peptides?
Nesiritide (Natrecor)
The student nurses are learning about drugs that act on the ANS. The students should learn that adrenergic blocking agents prevent which neurotransmitters from being released and causing SNS effects to be blocked?
Norepinephrine Adrenergic blocking agents prevent norepinephrine from being released from the adrenal medulla or from the nerve terminal from activating the receptor, which blocks SNS effects. Epinephrine, serotonin, and GABA are not associated with this process.
The nurse is to administer digoxin to a client with heart failure. The nurse auscultates an apical pulse rate of 52. What action should the nurse take?
Notify the health care provider
A client prescribed propranolol reports a history of asthma. What nursing intervention should the nurse implement immediately to best assure the client's safety?
Notify the health care provider of the contraindication between asthma and the effects of propranolol
A nurse is caring for a 66-year-old female client who is receiving digoxin. When preparing to administer a dose, the nurse observes that the client's apical pulse rate is 55 bpm. What is the appropriate action to take?
Omit the dose and contact the health care provider.
A patient with dementia of Alzheimer's disease is prescribed rivastigmine by the primary health care provider. Which of the following is the correct method of administering rivastigmine to the patient?
Orally
A nurse is required to administer an opioid to a patient. Which of the following conditions should the nurse confirm in the patient to ensure that opioid therapy is not contraindicated in this patient?
Patient does not have acute bronchial asthma
A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with biliary colic in a health care facility. The patient has been prescribed atropine. The nurse knows that in which of the following cases is the use of atropine contraindicated?
Patient has myocardial infarction
A nurse is caring for a patient with insomnia. For which of the following types of patients should the nurse exercise caution when administering sedatives and hypnotics?
Patients who are lactating
Which of the following patients are at a greater risk for liver failure during administration of acetaminophen?
Patients who consume alcohol habitually
A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with arthritis in a health care facility. The patient has been prescribed celecoxib. In which of the following cases is the use of celecoxib contraindicated?
Patients with allergy to sulfonamides
A nurse is caring for a patient with urinary retention. The patient has been prescribed Urecholine. For which category of patients should the nurse take precautions when administrating Urecholine?
Patients with bradycardia
In which of the following children or teenagers is the use of salicylates, particularly aspirin, contraindicated because their use appears to be associated with Reye's syndrome?
Patients with chickenpox
A nurse is assigned to care for a patient who has been prescribed an ophthalmic cholinergic drug. In which of the following cases is the use of ophthalmic cholinergic drug contraindicated?
Patients with corneal abrasion
A nurse is assigned to care for a patient with anxiety in a health care facility. The patient has been prescribed buspirone. In which of the following patients is the use of buspirone contraindicated?
Patients with hypersensitivity
For which category of patients should the nurse take precautions when administering anti-adrenergic drugs?
Patients with renal function impairment
A nurse is caring for a patient with trigeminal neuralgia at a health care facility. The physician has prescribed carbamazepine. In which of the following cases is the use of carbamazepine contraindicated?
Patients with renal impairment
For which of the following patients are CNS stimulants contraindicated?
Patients with severe hypertension
A client who has been on long term nonselective adrenergic blocking medication reports stopping all their medications a few days ago when they began nauseated and starting vomiting. What nursing intervention will the nurse immediately implement to address the client's actions and assure their safety?
Perform an bedside ECG to assess for any arrhythmias (abruptly stopping nonselective adrenergic blocking drugs after long-term use can result in MI, stroke and arrhythmias r/t an increased hypersensitivity to catecholamines when the receptor sites have been blocked)
Which would a nurse expect to assess if a client is experiencing right-sided heart failure?
Peripheral edema
A nursing instructor determines that a class on adrenergic blockers was successful when the students identify which medications as an alpha-adrenergic blocker?
Phentolamine
A patient is suspected of having pheochromocytoma. Which agent would the nurse identify as being used to help diagnose this disorder?
Phentolamine
A patient has received a dose of dopamine intravenously. The patient's IV was infiltrated, and the dopamine was injected into the subcutaneous tissues. Which medication will prevent the vasoconstriction and tissue necrosis based on this action?
Phentolamine mesylate (Regitine)
Medications are derived from which of the following sources? Select all that apply.
Plants, Laboratories, Mold, Minerals, Animals
The pharmacology instructor is describing medications that increase the contractile force of the heart. Which term describes this effect?
Positive inotropic
A nurse is reviewing a client's history and medications prior to discharge. The client has been prescribed a new antiadrenergic medication. Which condition or medication would require the nurse to talk with the provider prior to discharge? Select all that apply.
Pregnancy Active hepatitis B Renal impairment Treatment for depression with an MAOI Contraindications for clients taking antiadrenergic drugs include active liver disease (hepatitis B), treatment with an MAOI, renal impairment, and pregnancy. Polycythemia is not a contraindication for treatment with an antiadrenergic medication.
The nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient who is to receive a non-selective beta blocker. The nurse would make sure to address safety measures as a priority for the patient receiving:
Propranolol
A nurse must recognize which class of medication a drug is part of in order to help in planning ongoing assessment and patient education. Which is an example of a drug in the class of beta-adrenergic blockers? (Select all that apply.)
Propranolol (Inderal) Metoprolol (Lopressor) Atenolol (Tenormin)
A client presents to the Emergency Department (ED) with rales, wheezing, and blood-tinged sputum. The nurse suspects that the client is in congestive heart failure (CHF). What would the nurse suspect the client is experiencing?
Pulmonary Edema
The nurse is preparing to administer a digitalizing dosage of digoxin to a geriatric client. What factors will the nurse assess for first to avoid digoxin toxicity? Select all that apply.
Renal function Low body mass Hydration
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic pain who has been prescribed epidural analgesia. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of the following conditions after insertion of the epidural catheter and throughout the therapy?
Respiratory Depression
A patient has been administered an antipsychotic. Which of the following reactions should be reported immediately?
Rigidity
Which would a nurse identify as a contraindication for the use of a beta-1 selective blocker?
Sinus Bradycardia
Which of the following reactions can occur in a patient who has been administered caffeine?
Skeletal muscle stimulation
A nurse is caring for a patient administered ethotoin. Which of the following are signs of toxicity that the nurse should monitor the patient for?
Slurred speech
A patient is prescribed daily doses of phenytoin for seizures. The nurse knows that a single dose should not be missed during the course of treatment. Which of the following conditions could result if a dose is missed?
Status epilepticus
A nurse is caring for a patient with hypertension. What is the role of the nurse when educating a patient with hypertension?
Stress the importance of controlling modifiable risk factors.
A patient with muscular pain has been prescribed an NSAIDs. What advice should the nurse give the patient to promote an optimal response to NSAID therapy?
Suggest the patient take the NSAID with food and milk
Which of the following conditions should the nurse monitor for in the patient receiving an opioid antagonist?
Sweating
A nurse is caring for a patient undergoing phenytoin therapy for prophylactic seizure prevention. Which of the following hematological changes in the patient should the nurse report to the primary health care provider?
Swollen glands
A patient wants to know the interaction of various drugs that he has been prescribed for an illness. The nurse explains that the drugs interact with each other and produce an effect that is greater than the sum of their separate actions. Which of the following reactions is the nurse informing about?
Synergistic drug reaction
The nursing instructor is discussing adverse effects of non-selective alpha-adrenergic blocking drugs. What adverse effect would the nurse monitor for when giving a client phentolamine (Rogitine)?
Tachycardia
Which of the following instructions should a nurse give to a patient who is being administered lithium?
Take frequent sips of water
A patient with congestive heart failure has been digitalized. The patient requires long-term digoxin therapy. Which instructions should the nurse provide the patient on discharge?
Take the drug regularly without skipping a dose.
A patient with partial seizures has been prescribed succinimides at a health care facility. The patient experiences GI upset after succinimides administration. What should the nurse instruct the patient to do?
Take the drug with food or milk.
A nurse observes rhythmic, involuntary facial movements in a patient who has been administered antipsychotic drugs. The patient also makes chewing movements and, at times, his tongue protrudes. Which of the following is the most likely reason for the patient's behavior?
Tardive Dyskinesia
A client who is about to begin adrenergic blocking medication therapy reports ingesting a herbal supplement on a daily basis. What nursing intervention should be implemented to best assure the client's safety and prevent adverse medication effects?
The client's health care provider should be notified of the potential interaction immediately
A patient is administered enteric coated tablets by the nurse as per the physician's order. The patient is curious to know when the tablets would disintegrate in the body. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?
The drug dissolves into fragments after reaching the small intestine.
Which of the following are true of nonprescription drugs? Select all that apply.
They are referred to as over-the-counter drugs. Certain label requirements. Only taken as directed on label.
A patient with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) has been prescribed tamsulosin. How do alpha1-adrenergic blocking agents, such as tamsulosin, assist in treating the symptoms of BPH?
They inhibit contraction of the urinary bladder.
A client is prescribed doxazosin to manage hypertension. What information about the medication's effect should the nurse provide the client?
This medication will not cause the common reflex tachycardia that accompanies a fall in blood pressure.
A provider orders timolol (Timoptic) for glaucoma. The order reads Timoptic 1 gtt PO bid. The nurse knows that something is wrong with this order. What is it?
Timoptic is given in the eye, not PO.
A 35-year-old diabetic is being discharged home to recover after being hospitalized after an episode of diabetic ketoacidosis. The patient is being discharged home on a beta-adrenergic blocking agent and is to have home care follow-up. As the discharging nurse, what would be important to include in this patient's discharge teaching?
To record episodes of hypoglycemia for review by the home care nurse
Vasodilators used to treat heart failure include nitrates and ACE inhibitors.
True
Which of the following reactions should a nurse monitor for in a patient who has been administered doxapram?
Urinary pattern
The use of an alpha-adrenergic blocker will result in which patient outcome?
Vasodilation
A patient with a cardiac problem is treated with beta-adrenergic blocking drugs. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a cardiac reaction that impacts the body when a beta-adrenergic blocking drug is given to the patient?
Vertigo
A nurse is caring for a 70-year-old patient undergoing antiparkinsonism drug therapy. The patient is prescribed pramipexole by the physician.The nurse should monitor the patient's condition for the development of which of the following adverse reactions associated with the use of this drug?
Visual hallucinations
Which of the following tests should be scheduled every week for a patient taking clozapine?
WBC Count
A patient undergoing treatment for insomnia is instructed by the assigned nurse not to drink beverages containing caffeine. What effect will caffeine likely have on the patient?
Wakefulness
A nurse is required to administer propranolol to a patient for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. The nurse checks the patient's apical pulse rate and blood pressure before administration of the drug and observes that the pulse rate is below 60 bpm. What nursing intervention should the nurse perform in this case?
Withhold the drug administration and contact PHCP
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been administered a centrally acting anti-adrenergic drug. The nurse knows that under which condition is the use of a centrally acting anti-adrenergic drug contraindicated?
active hepatic disease
First-dose effect occurs when the client experiences marked hypotension and syncope with sudden loss of consciousness with the first few doses of the sympatholytic. Which intervention might be helpful for the nurse to do to decrease the risk for first-dose effect?
administer the dose at bedtime
A client has recently been prescribed a drug that treats hypertension by blocking the sympathetic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. This action is characteristic of which?
an adrenergic antagonist
A patient has recently been prescribed a drug that treats his hypertension by blocking the sympathetic receptors in his sympathetic nervous system. This action is characteristic of:
an adrenergic antagonist.
A client has recently been prescribed a drug that treats hypertension by blocking the sympathetic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system. This action is characteristic of which?
an adrenergic antagonist. Those drugs that stimulate sympathetic receptors are referred to as adrenergic or dopaminergic agonists (stimulators), and those that block are referred to as adrenergic antagonists (blockers). Adrenergic antagonism is not synonymous with the action of a cardiotonic drug.
A 75-year-old male with no history of hypertension has been prescribed nadolol. The nurse knows that the client is likely taking the drug to treat:
angina
Propranolol (Inderal) is used extensively as treatment for what condition?
angina
Prior to the administration of a sympatholytic drug, the nurse should check a patient's blood pressure and:
apical pulse.
A patient has a history of smoking. Which agent would the nurse most likely expect to be ordered?
atenolol (selective beta1 blocker; does not block bronchoconstriction)
A client is experiencing urinary retention. The client has been prescribed terazosin (Hytrin). What condition contributes to the urinary retention?
benign prostatic hypertfophy
A client is experiencing urinary retention. The client has been prescribed terazosin (Hytrin). What condition contributes to the urinary retention?
benign prostatic hypertrophy
The nurse knows that which class of drugs prevents epinephrine and norepinephrine from occupying receptor sites on the cell membranes?
beta-adrenergic blocking drugs
What is the first drug of choice for treatment of a client with a history of a myocardial infarction (MI) 2 years ago?
beta-blockers
When explaining the use of an alpha-1 selective adrenergic blocker to a patient, what would the nurse need to keep in mind?
bladder relaxation leads to improved urine flow
The nurse is assessing the client for adverse CNS effects after administering a non-selective adrenergic blocker based on the understanding that these effects occur due to:
blockage of norepinephrine's effect
The nurse is assessing the client for adverse CNS effects after administering a nonselective adrenergic blocker based on the understanding that these effects occur due to:
blockage of norepinephrine's effect. CNS effects occur with nonselective adrenergic blockers because the effects of norepinephrine are blocked in the CNS. GI effects of a nonselective adrenergic blocker are related to parasympathetic dominance. Cardiovascular effects occur with nonselective adrenergic blockers because of the lack of stimulatory effects and loss of vascular tone in the cardiovascular system. Respiratory effects occur with nonselective adrenergic blockers because of the loss of bronchodilation and vasodilation of the mucous membrane vessels.
A 72-year-old Asian male, status post-MI, with a 10-year history of cardiovascular disorder has been prescribed clonidine. Because the drug is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, the expected clinical effect is decreased:
blood pressure
Prior to administration of adrenergic blocking drug for hypertension, which should the nurse assess first?
blood pressure
A client has been admitted to the cardiac unit for heart failure and has been ordered carvedilol (Coreg). The client's blood pressure is 80/50. What should the nurse do?
call the provider and advise them of the client's blood pressure prior to administering the medication
A client has been admitted to the cardiac unit for heart failure and has been ordered carvedilol (Coreg). The client's blood pressure is 80/50. What should the nurse do?
call the provider and advise them on the client's blood pressure prior to administration of the medication
A patient with glaucoma is to receive an ophthalmic non-selective beta blocker. Which agent would the nurse expect to be prescribed?
carteolol
A home care nurse caring for a 59-year-old client taking a non-selective beta blocker teaches the client to notify the prescriber for a change in medication if the:
client has a sudden onset cough
A nurse should observe which clients more carefully during the use of propranolol (Inderal) due to the increase likelihood of adverse reactions? (Select all that apply.)
clients with asthma; clients with diabetes; clients with peptic ulcer disease
A patient is receiving a beta-1 selective blocker after a myocardial infarction to prevent reinfarction. The nurse understands that the rationale for using the drug would be to:
decrease cardiac workload
A patient is receiving a beta-1 selective blocker after a myocardial infarction to prevent reinfarction. The nurse understands that the rationale for using the drug would be to:
decrease cardiac workload.
A patient is receiving a beta-1 selective blocker after a myocardial infarction to prevent reinfarction. The nurse understands that the rationale for using the drug would be to:
decrease cardiac workload. A beta-1 selective blocker is helpful after a myocardial infarction because it decreases the cardiac workload and myocardial oxygen demand. The drug decreases contractility, excitability, and the heart rate. Although it also decreases blood pressure, it is not this effect that makes it a useful in preventing reinfarction.
A client has been prescribed a beta blocker. The nurse knows that beta blockers can have which effect on the heart?
decrease the heart rate
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been administered a salicylate for pain relief. Which of the following is a symptom of salicylism that a nurse should monitor for?
flushing
A 66-year-old woman has a complex medical history that includes poorly-controlled type 1 diabetes, renal failure as a result of diabetic nephropathy and chronic heart failure (CHF). Her care provider has recently added spironolactone (Aldactone) to the woman's medication regimen. The nurse should consequently assess for signs and symptoms of
hyperkalemia
A patient with diabetes who uses insulin is also receiving labetalol. The nurse would monitor the patient closely for:
hypoglycemia
A patient has taken a 15-gram (15,000 mg) dose of acetaminophen and is brought by her parents to the ER. As the dosage is relatively high, there is a chance of acute acetaminophen poisoning or toxicity occurring. Which of the following symptoms should the nurse monitor for in the patient to determine if the patient has acute acetaminophen toxicity?
hypotension
A patient is receiving doxazosin. The nurse would assess the patient for development of which conditions? (Select all that apply.)
hypotension; edema; weakness
A patient experiences diarrhea after receiving a nonselective adrenergic blocking agent. The nurse understands that this effect is most likely due to:
increased parasympathetic dominance.
After reviewing information about non-selective adrenergic blockers, a group of students demonstrate a need for additional teaching when they identify what as an effect of these agents?
increased pulse rate
Which observation might indicate that timolol is achieving the desired effect in a client?
intraocular pressure decrease
A client presents to the emergency department reporting rapid heart rate, severe headache, and pounding in the chest. While obtaining the clients history, the nurse learns the client stopped taking medications because the prescriptions ran out and had no funds to refill them. The nurse knows that which medications being abruptly stopped could be causing these symptoms?
labetalol
Which would be most important to monitor in a patient receiving carvedilol?
liver function studies
A client has been prescribed labetalol IV for a pheochromocytoma. What is the expected effect of the medication?
management of resulting hypertension
A patient has been diagnosed with benign prostatic hypertrophy and has been prescribed prazosin (Minipress) to assist in the treatment of the symptoms. How does this alpha1-blocking agent decrease urinary retention?
medication inhibits urinary bladder contraction
A group of students are reviewing the drugs used to treat heart failure. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which agent as a phosphodiesterase inhibitor?
milrinone
The instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of students that describes nonselective beta adrenergic blockers. What would the instructor address? (Select all that apply.)
nebivolol, pindolol, timolol
A patient is diagnosed with a pheochromocytoma. Which medications provide adjunctive therapy in the treatment of hypertension and tachycardia?
nonselective alpha-blocking agents
Beta-adrenergic blocking drugs are used in children for disorders similar to those in adults. What adrenergic blocking agent is used during surgery for pheochromocytoma?
phentolamine
The pharmacology instructor is describing medications that increase the contractile force of the heart. Which term describes this effect
positive inotropic
The nurse frequently sees mature male clients with BPH seeking treatment for symptoms. After ensuring they do not test positive for prostate cancer, pharmacological intervention is one of a few treatment modalities available. Pharmacokinetics indicate alpha 1-blocking agents as a treatment choice due to their:
prevention of smooth muscle contraction in nonvascular tissues
The nurse frequently sees mature male clients with BPH seeking treatment for symptoms. After ensuring they do not test positive for prostate cancer, pharmacological intervention is one of a few treatment modalities available. Pharmacokinetics indicate alpha1-blocking agents as a treatment choice due to their:
prevention of smooth muscle contraction in nonvascular tissues
The nurse frequently sees mature male clients with BPH seeking treatment for symptoms. After ensuring they do not test positive for prostate cancer, pharmacological intervention is one of a few treatment modalities available. Pharmacokinetics indicate alpha1-blocking agents as a treatment choice due to their:
prevention of smooth muscle contraction in nonvascular tissues.
The nurse frequently sees mature male clients with BPH seeking treatment for symptoms. After ensuring they do not test positive for prostate cancer, pharmacological intervention is one of a few treatment modalities available. Pharmacokinetics indicate alpha1-blocking agents as a treatment choice due to their:
prevention of smooth muscle contraction in nonvascular tissues. Alpha1-adrenergic blocking drugs can prevent alpha-mediated contraction of smooth muscle in nonvascular tissues.
Before discharge from the cardiac step-down (status post-MI), a client questions the prescription for beta-blockers. What should the client be told about the purpose for taking beta-blockers? (Select all that apply.)
protect the heart from reinfarction; decrease mortality rates over several years
An instructor is teaching a class about vasodilators and their action for alleviating heart failure. The instructor determines that the class has understood the material when they identify what as being involved?
reducing afterload
After teaching a group of students about beta-1 selective blockers, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify what as a contraindication to using this group of drugs?
sinus bradycardia
The nurse is providing medication education to a client prescribed an adrenergic blocker. Which nervous system is the specific focus of this classification of medications?
sympathetic
Which client meets the criteria for alpha1-selective adrenergic blocking medication therapy?
the 65 year old male experiencing symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate gland
A provider orders timolol (Timoptic) for glaucoma. The order reads Timoptic 1 gtt PO bid. The nurse knows that something is wrong with this order. What is it?
timoptic is given once a day, not twice a day
A 35-year-old female has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism. Her health care provider has prescribed propranolol to achieve which effect?
to decrease her heart rate
A patient is receiving tamsulosin. The nurse understands that this drug is most likely being given for which reason?
to relax prostatic smooth muscles
Most nonselective adrenergic blockers are used to treat hypertension
true
Most nonselective adrenergic blockers are used to treat hypertension.
true
Nesiritide is a human B-type natriuretic peptide
true
The teaching priority for a diabetic male client being treated with a non-specific beta-blocker would be to:
understand signs and symptoms of hypo- or hyperglycemic reaction.
The teaching priority for a diabetic male client being treated with a non-specific beta-blocker would be to:
understand the signs and symptoms of hypo- or hyperglycemic reactions
A 70-year-old man with diabetes mellitus is taking metoprolol (Lopressor) to manage his hypertension. The nurse would be sure to instruct the patient to:
understand the signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia
A nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). Which of the following should the nurse ask the patient to avoid?
yogurt
