Chapter 31 AMH 2020

Which factor fueled the economic recession that struck the United States in 2008?

A breakdown in American financial institutions that had accumulated trillions of dollars of bad debt

In what way was the 2016 election similar to the 2000 presidential election?

A candidate won the presidency without winning the popular vote.

Which development complicated President Obama's plans to pursue broad reforms in the areas of health care, education, the environment, and immigration policy during his term as president?

A major economic recession that broke out in 2008

Why were the 2000 presidential election results in Florida contested?

A very narrow margin triggered a recount, which was carried out by hand in some counties.

What feature made the presidential election of 2008 significantly different from previous elections?

An African American presidential and female vice presidential candidate were on the ballot for major parties.

How did Americans respond to immigrants in the wake of the 9/11 attacks?

Anti-immigrant sentiment revived, especially toward people who appeared Middle Eastern.

How did some Rust Belt cities attempt to reinvigorate their economies?

By building convention centers and casinos

Why did George W. Bush choose Richard B. Cheney as his vice presidential candidate in the 2000 election?

Cheney had considerable experience in national and international affairs.

Why was the USA Patriot Act criticized after it was passed?

Critics felt the act undermined civil liberties and privacy rights too much.

Which development accounted for the sustained economic downturn in the early 2000s?

Deindustrialization in heavy industry and manufacturing

How did Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton differ as presidential candidates?

Donald Trump was a newcomer to politics and Hillary Clinton was an experienced politician.

The Bush administration significantly weakened which area of government regulation?

Environmental protection

Which decision best characterizes George W. Bush's "compassionate conservative" message?

He embraced diversity through cabinet appointments.

Which characteristic of Donald Trump did many Republican voters find appealing?

He was not part of the Republican establishment

What is one explanation for the global rise of right-wing populism in the twenty-first century?

Increased economic insecurity

Why did manufacturing companies move production facilities away from the Rust Belt?

Increased pressure to remain competitive in a challenging market led many manufacturing companies to seek cheaper labor.

Which statement explains the significance of the case Citizens United v. Federal Elections Commission (2010)?

It loosened restrictions on campaign contributions by corporations and political action committees.

Which statement describes the significance of the Supreme Court's decision on Obergefell v. Hodges?

It made same-sex marriage legal in all fifty states.

Who was Barack Obama's opponent in the 2008 presidential election?

John McCain

Which demographic constituted the largest U.S. minority group before 2010?

Latinos

How did Obama's judicial appointments affect the composition of the U.S. Supreme Court?

Obama's appointments increased both the number of women justices and the court's ethnic diversity.

How did Congress attempt to help the American economy during the Great Recession in 2008?

Passing the Troubled Asset Relief Program

Why did the Obama administration hesitate to intervene in events of the Arab Spring?

Policymakers were wary of intervening in the region due to the recent, troubled war in Iraq.

Which city was the first to implement the highest minimum wage, at $15 per hour?

Seattle

What was the intended purpose of the No Child Left Behind policy?

Setting national standards and incentivizing student success in public schools

What is a criticism of social media and its use in politics?

Social media may polarize views and spread misinformation.

Which of the following characterized the impact of new immigration on American culture in the twentieth century?

The United States became more multiracial and multicultural, with immigrant cultures impacting and shaping American culture across the nation.

What effect did rising American discontent with the war in Iraq have on domestic politics?

The election of Democratic majorities in both houses of Congress

Which trend caused stock prices to soar in the 1990s?

The emergence of new tech start-ups

Why did President Bush insist that his executive powers were virtually limitless?

The nation was in a time of crisis, and he was commander-in-chief.

How did the war in Iraq affect American foreign relations?

The preemptive war and prolonged American presence in Iraq led to rising anti-American sentiment.

Why did Trump's "America First" policy strain some of America's foreign relations?

The prioritizing of American economic interests sometimes alienated U.S. allies.

How did the issue of the Iraq War contribute to the outcome of the 2004 elections?

The war was a major issue in the election, but voters narrowly reelected Bush.

This image was taken above a home in the Lower Ninth Ward of New Orleans in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. How did Americans generally react to images like these of the situation in New Orleans?

They criticized the government for mishandling the situation.

What did the U.S. Congress aim to achieve with the passage the USA Patriot Act of 2001?

To suspend certain civil liberties protections

Why did most American companies start to build plants abroad in the late 1990s and early 2000s?

To take advantage of cheap labor

States like Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, and Ohio experienced what phenomenon in the late 1990s and early 2000s?

Widening income inequality

The new civil rights movements of the twenty-first century differed from their historical predecessors in that they

focused on the rights of transgender people.

Members of the Occupy Wall Street movement advocated for

labor unions.

Many citizens who participated in the Arab Spring throughout the Middle East sought to

oust corrupt dictators and reform the government.

The success of the Black Lives Matter movement depended on

people recording clashes and interactions between African Americans and white police officers.