Chapter 31 PrepU Mastery

A patient experiences an increase in cortisol as a result of Cushing's disease. Which of the following hormonal responses demonstrates the negative feedback mechanism?

Decreased adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A patient experiences an increase in thyroid hormone as a result of a thyroid tumor. Which of the following hormonal responses demonstrates the negative feedback mechanism?

Decreased thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

When caring for a client with anemia and a decrease in red blood cells (RBCs), the nurse recognizes which of these hormones will stimulate the bone marrow to produce additional RBCs?

Erythropoietin

While discussing the regulation of hormone levels, the instructor gives an example of hormones regulated by feedback mechanisms. Which example of this regulation is best?

Following a meal that was high in carbohydrates, a person's blood glucose elevates, which stimulates the release of insulin from the pancreas.

Select the statement that best explains the function of hormone receptors.

Hormone receptors recognize a specific hormone and translate the signal into a cellular response.

The physician is assessing a client with a preliminary diagnosis of endocrine disorder. Further assessment findings identify abnormalities with emotion, pain, body temperature, and neural input. The physician determines the need to further assess the:

Hypothalamus

A 51 year-old woman has been experiencing signs and symptoms of perimenopause and has sought help from her family physician. A deficiency in estrogen levels has been determined to be a contributing factor. Which of the following phenomena could potentially underlie the woman's health problem?

Insufficient estrogen production within the smooth endoplasmic reticulum of the relevant cells.

Neurotransmitters like catecholamines (ex. dopamine and epinephrine) have a reaction time of:

Milliseconds.

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about the action of hormones. The instructor determined that teaching was effective when the students' recognize the local action of hormones as:

Paracrine

While reviewing the concept of nuclear receptors with a group of pathophysiology students, the instructor uses the example of clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus taking pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione medication. Because of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs), the drug has which effect on the clients' diabetes? Select the best answer.

Promote glucose uptake and increase the synthesis of certain proteins involved in fat metabolism, which reduces levels of certain types of lipids.

The physician suspects a client may be experiencing hypofunction of an endocrine organ. Select the most appropriate test to determine organ function.

Stimulation tests

A client who is referred to the endocrinologist's office for an evaluation of his hormone levels asks what regulates the hormone levels. The best response would be that hormone levels in the body are primarily regulated by:

The hypothalamic-pituitary-target cell system

The nurse is teaching a client who has been newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism about the function of the thyroid. Which of these does the nurse explain to the client is the role of the thyroid gland?

The thyroid gland is responsible for increasing the metabolic rate.

Which of the following describes how water-soluble peptides such as parathyroid hormone, or glucagon, exert their effect on cells?

They bind to receptors.

A client with a history of an endocrine disorder exhibits signs and symptoms of hormone deficiency. Which of the following processes would the client's care team most likely rule out first as a contributing factor?

Up-regulation has increased the sensitivity of the body to particular hormone levels.