Chapter 35 (Musculoskeletal)

What term refers to moving towards the midline?

Adduction

What is the term for a rhythmic contraction of a muscle?

CLonus

Which is an indicator of neurovascular compromise?

Capillary refill of more than 3 seconds

Which diagnostic test would the nurse expect to be ordered for a client with lower extremity muscle weakness?

EMG

Which term refers to mature compact bone structures that form concentric rings of bone matrix?

Lamellae

After a person experiences a closure of the epiphyses, which statement is true?

No further increase in bone length occurs

Which cells are involved in bone resorption?

Osteoclasts

A patient comes to the clinic and informs the nurse of numbness, tingling, and a burning sensation in the arm from the elbow down to the fingers. What type of symptom would this be documented as?

Paresthesia

Red bone marrow produces which of the following? Select all that apply.

Platelets, RBC's & WBC's

A nurse performs a neurovascular assessment on a client 2 weeks after a wrist cast had been removed. The nurse documents in the client's chart that there is normal sensation in the ulnar nerve. What finger assessment test will the nurse perform on this client?

Prick the distal fat pad on the small finger

Skull sutures are an example of which type of joint?

Synarthrosis

The nurse is assessing a client with a musculoskeletal system condition. Which statement indicates to the nurse that the client is experiencing bone pain?

The pain feels deep in my legs and keeps me awake at night

A patient tells the nurse, "I was working out and lifting weights and now that I have stopped, I am flabby and my muscles have gone!" What is the best response by the nurse?

Your muscles were in a state of hypertrophy from the weight lifting but it will persist only if the exercise is continued

What term refers to moving away from the midline?

abduction

Which statement describes parasthesia?

abnormal sensations

While reading a client's chart, the nurse notices that the client is documented to have paresthesia. The nurse plans care for a client with

abnormal sensations

The nurse is providing care to a client following a knee arthroscopy. What would the nurse expect to include in the client's plan of care?

administering the prescribed analgesic

A client is experiencing muscle weakness in the upper extremities. The client raises an arm above the head but then loses the ability to maintain the position. Muscular dystrophy is suspected. Which diagnostic test would evaluate muscle weakness or deterioration?

an electromyography

The nurse is taking an initial history of a new client with a musculoskeletal problem. Which factor is most important for the nurse to keep in mind for this assessment?

any chronic disorder or recent injury

A client has undergone arthroscopy. After the procedure, the site where the arthroscope was inserted is covered with a bulky dressing. The client's entire leg is also elevated without flexing the knee. What is the appropriate nursing intervention required in caring for a client who has undergone arthroscopy?

apply a cold pack

Which of the following diagnostic studies are done to relieve joint pain due to effusion?

arthrocentesis

A patient is scheduled for a procedure that will allow the physician to visualize the knee joint in order to diagnose the patient's pain. What procedure will the nurse prepare the patient for?

arthroscopy

The nurse is performing a neurological assessment. What will this assessment include?

ask the client to plantar flex the toes

A client tells the health care provider about shoulder pain that is present even without any strenuous movement. The health care provider identifies a sac filled with synovial fluid. What condition will the nurse educate the client about?

bursitis

Which hormone inhibits bone resorption and increases the deposit of calcium in the bone?

calcitonin

The nurse is caring for a pregnant patient with pregnancy-induced hypertension. When assessing the reflexes in the ankle, the nurse observes rhythmic contractions of the muscle when dorsiflexing the foot. What would the nurse document this finding as?

clonus

The nurse is performing an assessment for a patient who may have peripheral neurovascular dysfunction. What signs does the patient present with that indicate circulation is impaired? (Select all that apply.)

cool temperature, pale, cyanotic, or mottled color, more than 3 second capillary refill

Choose the correct statement about the endosteum, a significant component of the skeletal system:

covers the marrow cavity of long bones

The homecare nurse is evaluating the musculoskeletal system of a geriatric client whose previous assessment was within normal limits. The nurse initiates a call to the health care provider and/or emergency services when which change is found?

decreased right-sided muscle strength

The nurse working in the emergency department receives a call from the x-ray department communicating that the client the nurse is caring for has a fracture in the shaft of the tibia. The nurse tells the physician that the client's fracture is in the

diaphysis

The nurse is conducting the admission assessment for a client who is to undergo an arthrogram. What is the priority question the nurse should ask?

do you have any allergies?

The nurse is performing a musculoskeletal assessment for a client whose right leg muscles exhibit no tone and are limp. Which descriptor should the nurse use to document this condition?

flaccid

Which of the following describes a muscle that is limp and without tone?

flaccid

A patient has had a stroke and is unable to move the right upper and lower extremity. During assessment the nurse picks up the arm and it is limp and without tone. How would the nurse document this finding?

flaccidity

The nurse is preparing to perform a musculoskeletal assessment for a client with chronic muscle pain. Which assessment technique would be an appropriate tool to evaluate this type of pain?

flex the bicep

The nurse is assessing the muscle tone of a client with cerebral palsy. Which description does the nurse determine to be an expected assessment of this client's muscle tone?

hypertonic

The nurse is admitting an older adult to a skilled nursing facility. What assessment parameters will the nurse expect to find with the musculoskeletal assessment? Select all that apply.

joint stiffness, decreased endurance, decreased range of motion

Which of the following is the most common site of joint effusion?

knee

A client has an exaggerated convex curvature of the thoracic spine. What is this condition called?

kyphosis

The nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult patient and observes the patient has an increased forward curvature of the thoracic spine. What does the nurse understand this common finding is known as?

kyphosis

The human body has 206 bones, which are classified into four categories. Which types of bones are the femur and ulna?

long bones

Which of the following deformity causes a exaggerated curvature of the lumbar spine?

lordosis

Which description refers to an osteon?

microscopic functional bone unit

A client scheduled to undergo an electromyography asks the nurse what this test will evaluate. What is the correct response from the nurse?

muscle weakness

A nursing student asks the nurse why older adults are at risk for falls. The best response by the nurse is:

muscles atrophy with aging

An instructor is describing the process of bone development. Which of the following would the instructor describe as being responsible for the process of ossification?

osteoblasts

Which nerve is being assessed when the nurses asks the client to dorsiflex the ankle and extend the toes?

peroneal

The nurse is caring for a client who experienced a crushing injury of the lower extremities. Which of the following symptoms is essential to be reported to the physician?

pulselessness

A patient has a fracture of the right femur sustained in an automobile accident. What process of fracture healing does the nurse understand will occur with this patient?

reactive phase, reparative phase, remodeling phase

After a fracture, during which stage or phase of bone healing is devitalized tissue removed and new bone reorganized into its former structural arrangement?

remodeling

Which of the following is the final stage of fracture repair?

remodeling

A client has just undergone arthrography. What is the most important instruction for the nurse to include in the teaching plan?

report joint crackling or clicking noises occuring after the second day

Which of the following is an appropriate priority nursing diagnosis for the client following an arthrocentesis?

risk for infection

The nurse is assigned to a client admitted with advanced Parkinson's disease. What type of gait correlates with Parkinson's disease?

shuffling

A group of students are studying for an examination on joints. The students demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which of the following as an example of a synarthrodial joint?

skull at the temporal and occipital bones

The nurse is assessing the client for scoliosis. What will the nurse have the client do to perform the assessment?

stand behind the client and ask the client to bend forward at the waist

An example of a flat bone would be the

sternum

The nurse working in the orthopedic surgeon's office is asked to schedule a shoulder arthrography. The nurse determines that the surgeon suspects which finding?

tear in joint capsule

A client experiences a musculoskeletal injury that involves the structure that connects a muscle to the bone. The nurse understands that this injury involves which structure?

tendons

The emergency room nurse is reporting the location of a fracture to the client's primary care physician. When stating the location of the fracture on the long shaft of the femur, the nurse would be most correct to state which terminology locating the fractured site?

the fracture is on the diaphysis

The older client asks the nurse how best to maintain strong bones. What is the nurse's best response?

weight-bearing exercise can strengthen bones

A nurse provides nutritional health teaching to an adult client who had two fractures in 1 year. Besides recommending supplemental calcium, the nurse suggests a high-calcium diet. What would the nurse recommend that the client increase intake of?

yogurt and cheeses

The nurse is preparing the client for computed tomography. Which information should be given by the nurse?

you must remain very still during the procedure