Chapter 35 Test questions

What host cell membrane structures enable the attachment of a virus like human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)? (A) Receptors (B) Antibodies (C) Antigens (D)Epitope

(A) Receptors

Which of the following is directly responsible for humoral immunity? (A) helper T cells (B) B Cells (C) Immunogoblins (D) NK Cells

(B) B cells, Humoral immunity refers to the production of antibodies. Immunogoblins are antibodies, NK cells are Natural killer cells, Helper T cells shouldnt be mistaken for they only activate B cells to produce antibodies.

Vaccinations increases the number of: (A) Different receptors that recognize a pathogen (B) Lymphocytes with receptors that can bind to the pathogen (C) Epitopes that the immune system can recognize (D) Macrophages specific for a pathogen

(B) The vaccination introduces a weakened version of the pathogen, thus making it easier for immune systems to combat something that they have already seen and taken notice of

All of the following are true of white blood cells EXCEPT: (A) lymphocytes are of two varieties: B type and T type (B)Examples are neutrophils and thrombocytes (C) They are also called leukocytes (D) T lymphocytes engage in cell-mediated immunity

(B) is the only false statement because thrombocytes is another name for platelets

What is an important mechanism white blood cells use to kill bacteria, fungi and other invading pathogens? (A)asphyxiation (B)oxidative activity (C)fright (D)drowning

(B)oxidative activity

What is the term used to describe white blood cells migrating toward bacteria? (A)Osmosis (B)Phagocytosis (C)Chemotaxis (D)Phototaxis

(C) Chemotaxis

An epitope associates with which part of an antigen receptor or antibody? (A) the disulfide bridge (B) The heavy-chain constant regions only (C) Variable regions of a heavy chain and light chained combined (D) the light-chain constant regions only

(C) Look at pg. 716-717 in your textbook for more information

Which of the following would NOT help a virus avoid triggering and adaptive immune response? (A)Having frequent mutations in a gene for surface proteins (B) Infecting cells that produce very few MHC molecules (C) Producing proteins very similar to those of other viruses (D) Infecting and killing helper T cells

(C) Producing proteins similar to that of other viruses is the "Cold War" equivalent of running into the middle of New York city with a "I <3 communism" shirt on

Which of the following is true amount immunity: (A) T cells produce antibodies (B) Another name for antibody is antibiotic (C) Juvenile diabetes is an autoimmune disease (D) Macrophages are only one type of B lymphocyte

(C) Remember antibodies are produced by B Cells, another name for antibody is immunogoblin,

Which of the following should be the same in identical twins? (A) the set of antibodies produced (B) The set of MHC molecules produced (C) The set of T cell antigen receptors produced (D) The susceptibility to a particular virus

(C) The set of MHC molecules produced. The others are not necessarily determined by specific things

What's the most active and voracious white blood cell in the human body? (A) platelet (B) eosinophil (C) neutrophil (D) lymphocute

(C) neutrophil

Which of the following statements are not true (A) an antibody has more than one antigen binding site (B) An antigen can have different epitopes (C) A pathogen makes more than one antigen (D) A lymphocyte has receptors for multiple different antigens

(D) All of the antigen receptors made my a specific lymphocyte bind to a specific epitope on an antigen

Which of the following is correct about blood type? (A) If one has AB blood type, they have AB antibodies circulating their plasma (B) If one has O blood type, they have both A and B antigens flowing through their plasma (C)Blood type A has A antibodies flowing in their plasma (D)A and B antigens are on the surface of cells

(D), be sure to ready all of your options thoroughly and make sure thy all make sense, and don't confused antibodies with antigens

Short answer: What is the association between inflammation and fever?

Answers may vary but should include the release of cytokines, prostaglandins, interleukins and endothelins are released and them increasing the body's temperature.

Short answer: what are immunoglobulins and what are their function?

Answers may vary, but should include how it is the alternate name given to antibody and how the antibodies have specific shapes for specific antigens

Short answer: How may a virus elongate the amount of time between infection and being detected by the immune system?

Answers may vary, however they should include subjects such as killing Helper T Cells, Infecting cells cells that produce very few MHC molecules, or having frequent mutations

Responsible for humoral immunity,_________

B cells

Which statement best describes the difference in response of effector B cells and cytotoxic T cells. (A) B cells confer active immunity; cytotoxic t cells confer passive immunity (B) B cells kill pathogens directly; cytotoxic T cells kill host cells (C)B cells secrete antibodies against a pathogen; cytotoxic T cells kill pathogen-infected host cells (D)B cells carry out the cell-mediated response; cytotoxic T cells carry out the humoral response

B cells create antibodies, Cytotoxic T cells kill infected host cells

Which immune system protects the body from its own cancerous cells?

Cell-mediated immune system

Bonds to class I MHC molecules,_____________

Cytotoxic T cells

What part of the immune system does HIV attack?

HIV hides within your blood cells until it becomes active, Known as AIDS, which kill of all of your T cells

A lymphocyte that secretes cytokines to stimulate other lymphocytes,______________

Helper T cells

An antigen-resenting cell (APC) that is also part of innate immunity, _________

Macrophages

Which specific defense mechanism defends primarily against germs in body fluids?

humoral immune system