Chapter 4 a & P

Neurons

permanent

The number of cell layers and the shape of the superficial cells are two criteria used to classify tissue.

Epithelial

Permanent

have a very limited ability to replicate and, if killed, are usually replaced by a different type of cell.

regeneration

In _____, the new cells are the same type as those that were destroyed.

stable

Stop dividing when growth ceases, but retain mitotic ability

Nervous tissue

A body tissue that carries electrical messages back and forth between the brain and every other part of the body.

muscle tissue

A body tissue that contracts or shortens, making body parts move.

epithelial tissue

A body tissue that covers the surfaces of the body, inside and out and lines body cavaties

connective tissue

A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts

Tissue

An aggregation of cells and extracellular materials which performs a discrete function is known as a(n) ______.

Tissue

Collections of specialized cells and extra-cellular substances around them are known as a(n

False

Exocrine glands release their secretions into the blood, while endocrine release their secretions via ducts to a surface.

During inflammation blood vessels dilate, increasing the delivery of white blood cells to the area. Clotting that occurs helps to isolate injurious agents. Blood vessels become more permeable and allow white blood cells to move into damaged tissue more easily.

Explain how inflammation protects the body.

Clotting that occurs helps to isolate injurious agents. During inflammation blood vessels dilate, increasing the delivery of white blood cells to the area. Blood vessels become more permeable and allow white blood cells to move into damaged tissue more easily.

Explain how inflammation protects the body. Select all that apply.

False

Extracellular matrix includes protein fibers, cytoplasm, and ground substance.

exocrine;endocrine

Glands that release their secretions via ducts onto a body surface are ____ glands, while glands that release their secretions into the blood are ____ glands.

Mucus

Goblet cells form

Dilation of blood vessels Increased capillary permeability

Identify the effects of chemical mediators released during the inflammatory response.

Vasodilation

Increases speed of delivery of white blood cells to damaged tissue

Lends support Storage of high-energy molecules and minerals. Transport of nutrients, gases, enzymes and hormones. Attachment of one tissue to another

Indicate functions of connective tissue in the body.

Protein fibers, fluids, ground substance

Indicate the three components of extracellular matrix.

simple squamous epithelium

Indicate the type of epithelium that is best suited for allowing diffusion of substances, as would be found lining the air sacs of the lungs.

Clotting

Isolates foreign particles and microorganisms from the rest of the body

Serous, Synovial and Mucous

List the three major types of tissue membranes.

Elongated fibers (cells) that are specialized to contract

Muscular tissue consists of what type of cells or fibers?

Regeneration and replacement

Name the two processes that result in the repair of injured tissue.

muscular

Of the four classes of tissues, the tissue that consists of elongated fibers that are specialized to contract in response to stimulation is _____ tissue.

Chemical mediators are released Dilation of capillaries and increased capillary permability fluid and white blood cells leave the area swelling occurs and white blood cells phagocytize bacteria and debris

Place the events of the inflammatory response in order of occurrence.

labile

Retain ability to divide throughout life

To allow diffusion of substances across the epithelium

Simple squamous epithelium is best suited for areas ______.

are associated with joints

Synovial membranes ______.

connective

The class of tissue that consists of cells separated from each other by large amounts of extracellular matrix is called ____ tissue.

Germ Layers

The embryonic layers that give rise to all of the body's mature tissues are called ______.

Serous

The pericardium and pleural membranes are examples of ______ membranes, a type of tissue membrane.

Heat and reddness

Vasodilation occurs during the inflammatory response. Identify the cardinal signs of inflammation that result due to vasodilation.

Heat Edema or swelling Pain Redness

What are the signs and symptoms of local inflammation?

Serous, Mucous, synovial

What are the three major types of tissue membranes?

Number of cell layers Shape of the cell

What are the two criteria used to classify the different types of epithelial tissue?

epithelial tissue

What class of tissue is capable of secretion and absorption of substances?

connective tissue

What class of tissue is comprised of widely-spaced cells and abundant extracellular material?

Fluid; Plasma

What forms the matrix of blood?

Produces bones

What is the function of an osteoblast?

Increased permeability of blood vessels

What is the primary cause of edema during the inflammatory response?

synovial

What major category of tissue membrane is composed only of connective tissue?

inflammation

What process produces redness, swelling, heat, and pain in response to an injury?

blood or lymph

Which is a type of fluid connective tissue?

Pericardial cavity Pleural cavity Peritoneal cavity

Which of the body cavities contain serous membranes?

brain, spinal cord, nerves

Which structures of the body are composed of nervous tissue?

Nervous

Which tissue comprises the brain, spinal cord, nerves, and ganglia?

Increased permeability of blood vessels.

increased movement of white blood cells from the blood to the damaged tissue

Organelle

is a microscopic structure in a cell that carries out individual functions.

Organ

is any anatomical structure that is composed of at least two different tissue types, has recognizable structural boundaries, and has a discrete function different from the structures around it.

adult stem cells

labile

endocrine gland cells

stable