Chapter 4 Chemistry Review
What are the possible values for the spin quantum number?
+1/2 or -1/2
Determine the highest occupied energy level of He.
1
How many orbital orientations are possible for sublevel s?
1
For the following values of n, indicate the numbers and types of sublevels possible for taht main energy level 1) n=1 2) n=2 3) n=3 4) n=4 5) n=7
1) 1; s 2) 2; s, p 3) 3; s, p, d 4) 4; s, p, d, f 5) 7
How many electrons could be contained in energy level 3?
18
Determine the highest occupied energy level of Be.
2
How many electrons could be contained in energy level 1?
2
How does n relate to the number of electrons allowed per main energy level?
2n^2
Determine the highest occupied energy level of Al.
3
How many orbital orientations are possible for sublevel p?
3
What is the speed of all forms of electromagnetic radiation in a vacuum?
3.00 x 10^8 m/s Or 3 x 10^10 cm/s
How many electrons could be contained in energy level 4?
32
What is an orbital?
3D region around the nucleus that indicated the highest probable location of an electron
How many total orbitals are contained in the third main energy level?
3^2=9
Determine the highest occupied energy level of Ca.
4
What frequency range of visible light?
4.29x10^14 to 7.5x10^14 Hz
What is the wavelength range of visible light?
400 to 700 nm
Determine the highest occupied energy level of Sn.
5
How many orbital orientations are possible for sublevel d?
5
How many total orbitals are contained in the fifth main energy level?
5^2=25
How many orbital orientations are possible for sublevel f?
7
How many electrons could be contained in energy level 6?
72
How many electrons could be contained in energy level 7?
98
What is the electromagnetic spectrum?
A combination of all equerries or wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation arranged according to increasing wavelength
What are sublevels?
A division of principle energy levels
What are inner-shell electrons?
All the electrons not in principle quantum number
Describe the major similarities and differences between Schrödinger's model of the atom and the model proposed by Bohr.
Bohr estimated where the atom was and you can't do that
What types of compounds are used to provide color in fireworks?
Chloride salts
What is the basis of Hund's rule?
Electron repulsion
What analytical technique utilizes the emission of light from excited atoms?
Flame test
What are the noble gases?
Group 18 or 8
What is meant by the highest occupied energy level of an atom?
Highest principle quantum number
What units are used to express frequencies of electromagnetic waves?
Hz
State Hund's rule.
If the sublevel has equal energy, it is occupied by one electron before any orbital is occupied by a second electron
What is the principle quantum number?
Indicates the main energy level
How are energy and wavelength of electromagnetic radiation related?
Indirectly proportionate (E=hc/upside down y)
How are wavelength and frequency of electromagnetic radiation related?
Inversely proportionate (c=upside down y x fancy v)
What information is given by the noble-gas notation [Ne]3s^2?
It accounts for the 10 e- and the rest are in the 3rd energy level
What element is represented by [Ne]3s^2?
Magnesium
Which travels at a greater speed: ultraviolet light or infrared light?
Neither! It's the same speed!! Hahaha gotcha
State the Pauli exclusion principle.
No two electrons in the same atom can have four quantum numbers
What are shells?
Orbitals within the main energy level
What information is given by the magnetic quantum number?
Orientation around the axis
Which theory of light (the wave theory or the particle theory) best explains the emission of electromagnetic radiation by an excited atom?
Particle theory
Which theory of light (the wave theory or the particle theory) best explains the photoelectric effect?
Particle theory
How does noble-gas notation simplify writing an atom's electron configuration?
Preceding noble gas takes care of everything before it
What are the colors of light in the visible spectrum in order of increasing frequency?
Red, orange, yellow, green, blue, violet
What information is given by the angular momentum quantum number?
Shape of orbital
Explain the meaning of Aufbau principle in terms of an atom with many electrons.
Start at the lowest energy level and fill up from there
What is noble-gas configuration?
Taking the preceding noble gas and start from there with electron configuration
What information is given by the spin quantum number?
Tells which way it spins (clockwise or counter clockwise)
State the Aufbau principle.
The lowest energy level that can accept the electron is where it stays
Describe an orbital in terms of an electron cloud.
The orbitals are swirling around the nucleus like bees around a hive
How do a 2px and a 2py orbital differ?
They are at right angles to each other
How do the electron configurations of chromium and copper contradict the Aufbau principle?
They're called irregular atoms and don't fill up outer shell first as predicted
List 5 examples if electrinagnetic radiation.
Visible light, x-rays, ultra violet, infared, and radio
Which theory of light (the wave theory or the particle theory) best explains the interference of light?
Wave theory
How are the energy and frequency of electromagnetic radiation related?
When frequency increases, energy increases (E=h x fancy v)
Which has a higher frequency: an X ray or a microwave?
X ray
Which has a longer wavelength: yellow light or green light?
Yellow
What is the significance of the spin quantum number?
You can have 2 as long as they spin different ways
What units are used to express wavelength?
m, cm, nm, dm
How is the principle quantum number symbolized?
n
What is the relationship between n and the total number of orbitals in a main energy level?
n^2