Chapter 4 Gov

Which of the following general statements about the roots of civil liberties in the Constitution is accurate?

The Bill of Rights is not an exhaustive list of citizens' liberties.

Which abortion restrictions are generally permissible?

those that do not pose an undue burden on pregnant women

Which of the following is generally prohibited by the Fourth Amendment?

unreasonable searches

Ordinances restricting the use of face masks were originally written to target __________.

members of the Ku Klux Klan

Which of the following is an example of symbolic speech?

people burning the American flag in protest of government policies or actions

Which of the following practices is regulated most directly by the establishment clause?

prayer in public schools

The states liked their system of state militias. They wanted to ensure that the national government did not prevent them from using a system that had worked well for them. Thus, the Framers added the Second Amendment to the Constitution as a way to _____.

preserve the unstated right of the people to revolt against governmental tyranny

What does the double jeopardy clause do?

prevents a suspect from being tried twice for the same crime in the same jurisdiction

In Schenck v. U.S., the clear and present danger test suggested that the government can __________.

restrict the freedom of speech

Which of the following was the central holding in Lawrence v. Texas?

declared unconstitutional a law banning sodomy

n response to D.C. v. Heller, the Washington, D.C., City Council required which of the following?

gun registration and prohibition of assault weapons and large capacity magazines

The doctrine of selective incorporation means that __________.

states must protect most of the liberties listed in the Bill of Rights

Which of the following would be considered a violation of the free exercise clause?

the availability of Muslim worship services in prisons

In 2020, two challenges that simultaneously hit the United States were __________.

the coronavirus pandemic and growing racial unrest

In 1934, Congress passed the National Firearms Act in response to __________.

the explosion of organized crime that stemmed from Prohibition

Which of the following is included in the First Amendment?

the free exercise clause

Which of the following statements accurately depicts the Anti-Federalists' view of a bill of rights?

A bill of rights was needed because they did not trust the national government to protect civil liberties.

Gun laws are strongest in which of the following states?

California

What did the Supreme Court rule in Griswold v. Connecticut?

Connecticut law could not ban the sale of contraceptives to married couples.

The Alien and Sedition Acts were a clear violation of which of the following?

First Amendment's ban on prior restraint

Which amendment has been used to gradually make the protections of the Bill of Rights applicable to the states?

Fourteenth

During the coronavirus pandemic, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention used cell phone data to track the spread of the virus. This raised questions concerning the scope of which constitutional amendment?

Fourth

Jennifer is concerned that taking the temperatures of patients and collecting their health data may violate their privacy. Such concerns are most likely related to which amendment?

Fourth

Which case established the right of individuals accused of a felony to have access to an attorney?

Gideon v. Wainwright

How did the U.S. Supreme Court interpret the Second Amendment in District of Columbia v. Heller?

It ruled that the Second Amendment protected an individual's right to own a gun for personal use in Washington, D.C.

Which of the following statements best explains why some Federalists opposed adding a bill of rights to the Constitution?

It was unnecessary because the states already protected citizens' rights.

Which of the following Supreme Court cases was a victory for advocates of gay and lesbian rights?

Lawrence v. Texas

In which case did the Court find that "actual malice" must be proven to support a finding of libel against a public figure?

New York Times Co. v. Sullivan

Which act was an attempt by Congress to counter some of the Supreme Court rulings that allowed the government to limit citizens' ability to exercise their religion as they see fit?

Religious Freedom Restoration Act

Which U.S. Supreme Court decision was the first to find a woman's right to have an abortion is protected by the Constitution?

Roe v. Wade

Which amendment was passed to ensure that Congress could not disarm state militias?

Second

Which statement best describes the constitutional provision guaranteeing the right to privacy?

The right to privacy is not specifically enumerated in the Constitution.

Which of the following statements best explains why the colonists valued local militias?

They could keep order and protect liberty without having the need to maintain a standing army.

The Federalists argued that a bill of rights was unnecessary and put forth three main arguments opposing it. Each of the following was an argument against a bill of rights except_____.

a bill of rights would override the many civil liberties guaranteed in state constitutions.

A writ of habeas corpus is defined as _____.

a petition requesting that a judge orders authority to prove that a prisoner is being held lawfully

Which of the following situations would be considered a violation of the establishment clause?

a student-led Christian prayer conducted during a public-school event

Which of the following searches is prohibited without a warrant?

attaching a GPS tracking device to a vehicle

What does the doctrine of prior restraint prevent?

banning speech or publication before the fact

In which of the following cases would speech be protected under the First Amendment?

burning the American flag

The personal guarantees and freedoms upon which governments cannot abridge by law, constitution, or judicial interpretation are known as _____.

civil liberties

Supreme Court cases involving capital punishment have tended to center around whether the death penalty __________.

constitutes cruel and unusual punishment

The Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments supplement the rights of defendants with a variety of procedural guarantees known as __________.

due process rights

In which of the following scenarios would school prayer be allowed?

during a meeting on property that is adjacent to a public school

From a constitutional perspective, the right to privacy is _____.

explicitly stated in the United States Constitution

In which scenario is a group allowed to enter your home without a warrant?

firefighters to fight a fire

The use of National Guard troops in places like Portland raised questions concerning which provision of the First Amendment?

freedom of assembly and association

Which of the following would be most likely to pass the Lemon test?

giving college students at a public university the option of taking a class about the Bible as literature

Until the Supreme Court weighs in on how pandemic conditions should be addressed in prison, advocates for the better treatment of prisoners are likely to __________.

pursue remedies in state and federal courts

What is the name of the process by which most protections found in the Bill of Rights have been made applicable to the states?

selective incorporation

Signs reading "Give Me Government Distancing" were used to protest governors who __________.

shut down businesses during the coronavirus pandemic