Chapter 4, Lesson 1, pages 136-139

Canada's economy, (way of doing business,) Maintains a very good "GDP" which means " Gross domestic product making Canada one of the wealthist nations.

The Canadian Shield is rich in minrrals like copper, gold, iron, nickel, and and uranium Fossil fues such as coal, oil, and natural gas are found in the Interior Plains

Most of Canada's people live in Ontario and Quebec. The region includes the nation's two largest metropolitan or largest cities.

Toronto and Ontario havemore than 4 million people. Montreal and Qubec have more than 3 million.

Toronto has the most diversity of culture in North America. Four out of ten people are English Canadian. The rest come from many places around the world.

Toronto's citizens trace their roots back to Greece, Italy, Germany, China, and various Caribbean islands.

The rivers and lakes in British Columbia make fishing, recreation, and hydroelectric power. Hydroelectric means electricity is produced by moving water.

Vancouver is British Columbia's largest city. It is Canada's third largest metropolitan area. There is over two million, Vancouver is Canada's busiest port because it links Canada to trading partners most United States and Asia.

Fisheries bring huge catches of fish from the Atlantic ans Pacific coast Southern Canada farmers produce large and varied harvest. Much of Canada is not suited to farming but trees grow well.

Canada's natural resources are varied. Canada has two kinds of manfacturing one involves processing narural resources like turning trees into lumber, pulp, and printer .

Canada's Economic Regions

Economic is the study of how businesses make money for the product or services they provide.it helps explain how much time people work, how much money they spend and the health and well being, it helps define how well their ECONOMY is working.

The other manfacturing involves making finished products for use by Canadians ,

Factories in Qubec and Ontario produce more than 75% of Canada's Canada's manfacturing of Canada's

The St. Lawrence River provides Ontario and Quebec with a direct water route between The Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean. At one time, parts of the 800 mile river were not deep enough or wide enough to allow large ships to use.

In 1954 Canada and the United States worked together to change this. They began work on on the St. Lawrence Seaway. This built a system of canals and locks bypasses the shallow and narrow parts of the river. The seaway made it possible for large ships to travel the Atlantic Oceanb inland to ports on the western shore of Lake Superior.

Ontario and Quebec are 2 provinces in Canada. Ontario is English Canadian and Quebec is French Canadian. These provinces form 2 very different cultural regions. Cultural is a way of life passed down to by their families,

It is the language we speak, the way we write, our religion, music we listen to, what we wear, hand how we cook. Culture shapes the world we live. Our knowledge, beliefs, and behavior. Our attitudes values, morals, and customs are a result of the society we live in. Sometimes cultures have diversity in their outlook and expectations.

Along the Atlantic Ocean, gulfs, and seas of Canada lie the Atlantic Provinces. Nova Scotia, Prince Edward's Island, New Brunswick and Newfoundland.

MARITIME means, having to do with the sea. The Atlantic Provinces in Canada are sometimes referred to as The Maritime Provinces.

The Grand Banks off the coast of Newfoundland is prized as one of the best fishing areas in the world. Fishing is a very important industry for Canada's economy. Less than 3 percent work in the fishing industry.

Most jobs in Canada are in manufacturing, farming, mining, shipping, and tourism.

Quebec and Ontario form a single economic region that is the heartland of Canada. Most of the.country's manufactured goods are made in Ontario and Quebec Their factories produce a range of consumer goods and products from other industries, including iron and steel.

Much of the money businesses make is because they are located near direct waterways. Four of the Great Lakes: Superior, Huron, Erie, and Ontario form part of Ontario's and Canada's southern border. Only Lake Michigan is completely within the United States.

Montreal, Quebec's center for businesses, is located on an island in the St. Lawrence River about 40 miles north of Canada's border with the United States. Its location makes the city a major trading port for ships traveling throught the St. Lawrence Seaway.

Ontario's economic center isan area called the Golden Horseshoe. It lies onthe western shore of Lake Ontario and has access to the Great Lakes. The area includes Toronto which is Ontario's major City.

Canada has 5 economic regions divided, these regions are part of their nation's ten provinces and 3 territories.

Provinces rule themselves similar to individual states, in the United States. Territories are very large areas of Canada territories do not self govern.

The major businesses in the past for the Prairie Provinces was mostly farming because of the rich soil. Today what is under the soil is important too, because the Praire Provinces supply most of Canada's coal, oil, and natural gas. Coal, oil and natural gas can be called fossil fuels too.

The largest cities in the Prairie Provinces are Edmonton and Calgary in Alberta and Winnipeg in Manitoba. Each city area has less than 1 million people.

Canada has three territories, the Yukon Territory, the Northwest Territory, and the Nunavut pronounced Noo.nuh. Voot.

These territories form an economic region this is a huge area of northern Canada. All 3 territories together cover about 40% of Canada's land area. Few people live in these territories, and there are no large cities. Mining is the major lifestyle most of the people meet their basic needs with hunting and fishing.

The Rocky Mountains form the border between the Prairie Provinces and Britishg Columbia. British Columbia is Canada's westernmost province

This is the third largest area and population in Canada. The forest industry is where many people work. Cutting down trees, processing lumber and manufacturing paper.

There are many immigrants (people moving to Canada to become a citizen) that migrated to Vancouver from Asia.

This makes Vancouver a city with a culturally diverse population like Toronto.

Montreal's population is becoming more diverse, but it is still a center for French Canadian. French is spoken by almost all of Montreal's citizens. The region made up of of Ontario and Quebec are home to Quebec City which is Canada's oldest city,and Ottawa is the capital city of Canada.

West of Ontario and Quebec the Prairie Provinces of Alberta, Manitoba and Saskatchewan. They make up 20 percent of of Canad's land area and 80 percent of Canada's farmland. Called Canada's "breadbasket" because the southern region has most of the wheat farms and cattle ranches. Lakes and forests covern the northerrn.