Chapter 4 - Prenatal Development and Birth

Mrs. Jimenez is expecting her first child; Mrs. Harris is expecting her second. On average, Mrs. Jimenez can expect labor to last _____ hours. Mrs. Harris can expect to be in labor for _____ hours.

14 7

Food insecurity is _____ times as common among single mothers as among married parents.

3

What percentage of women experience postpartum depression?

8 to 15 percent

_____ is anything that increases the risk of prenatal abnormalities and birth complications.

a teratogen

Which of the following is an argument against the use of epidurals?

an epidural slows infant reflexes like breathing

The fetal age of viability remains at 22 weeks despite advances in technology. For which of the following reasons is this true?

brain must develop active control over things like heart rate and breathing

Research has found that most anyone giving birth can benefit from having a _____ attend their births.

doula

Samantha has decided to have her baby in the hospital, but she has elected to also have a(n) _____ present, who will help provide positive reinforcement, answer questions, and generally keep her stress levels low during the birthing process.

doula

Sometimes testing leads a doctor to believe that a baby has a problem that it may not actually have. This misdiagnosis is referred to in your text as a:

false positive

Which of the following does NOT occur during the embryonic period?

movements like stretching, yawning, and swallowing begin to occur

Advances in which area are critical in attaining the age of viability?

neurological functioning

Ann gave birth 37 weeks after conception. Her baby weighed 6 pounds, 1 ounce. Ann's baby was _____ birthweight.

normal

A developing fetus's first palpable movements are called the ______.

quickening

Which of the following reflexes is seen when an infant's cheek is brushed?

rooting

The parental process of kangaroo care consists of:

skin-to-skin contact between parent(s) and newborn

Your neighbor is 5 months pregnant and still smoking about a pack of cigarettes a day. Perhaps she is unaware that nicotine is a _____ for the fetus of a mother who smokes heavily.

teratogen

In a normal birth, the spontaneous onset of labor is set in motion by:

the release of oxytocin, which triggers uterine contractions

Bonnie gave birth 36 weeks after conception. Her baby weighed 3 pounds, 5 ounces. Bonnie's baby was ____ birthweight.

very low

Tiffany is a small-for-date baby. This means that she:

was born below her expected weight considering the length of pregnancy