Chapter 4 Ratio And Proportion

some medications express the strength of the solution by using?

a ratio

the outside terms on the end of proportion are called the?

extremes (end)

ratios represent

parts of a medication per parts of a solution for example 1:10,000 means 1 part medication and 10,000 parts solution.

ratios in medicine are commonly seen in what kinds of medications?

primarily seen in solutions

in proportion problems the unknown quantity is represented by putting an?

x in place for the unknown quantity and then multiply the means and then the extremes together and solve with an equal sign. or you can cross multiply if it is a proportion in a fraction form. But if it is not in fraction form then you must multiply extremes by extremes and means by means.

ratios are used in medication to calculate what two things?

-dosage or weight of a medication that is in tablet/capsule form. -dosage or weight of a medication in a certain volume of solution AKA in liquid form.

express the following dosage as ratios be sure to include units of measure an oral liquid that contains 0.5 mg in each milliliter

0.5 mg :1 mL or 1mL: 0.5mg

if a capsule contains a dosage of 500mg how can this be represented by a ratio?

1 cap: 500 mg or 1 cap ---------- 500 mg

5:25 =10:50 what numbers are the extremes and what numbers are the means?

25,10 means and 5,50 extremes

what are the three ways proportions can be written?

3:4 = 6:8 (separated with an equal sign) 3:4::6:8 (separated with a double colon) 3/4=6/8 (written as a fraction)

set up the following word problem as proportions and solve. include labels in the set up if 40 vitamin tablets (tabs) contain 5,000 milligrams (mg), how many tabs are needed for a dosage of 375 mg?

5,000mg :40 tabs = 375 mg: x tabs 5,000 mg 375 mg -------- = -------- 40 tabs x tabs multiply across and get 3 tabs total (notice how ratio and proportion mg and mg are lined up at the top, it is different for dimensional analysis where mg should not both be lined up at the top or bottom, different values need to be lined up but you multiply the top together vs the bottom.

when checking if a proportion is true the extremes should equal the means. how do you check if 1 cap: 500mg = 2 cap 1,000 mg

500 x 2 = 1,000 x 1 means=extremes 1,000=1,000

250mg : 1 ml or 250mg/1ml is an example of what kind of ratio?

This is an example of a ratio written as in solution form.

1 tab : 0.125mg or 1tab/ 0.125mg is an example of what kind of ratio?

This is an example of a ratio written as in tablet form/capsule.

when we solve ratios we must make sure that the overall proportion is true because?

This is very important with dosage calculations to make sure we are avoiding errors.

the numerator of a ratio is always towards what side of the ratio?

always to the left of the colon

the denominator is always towards what side of the ratio?

always to the right of the colon

when solving for x in a proportion you always

cross multiply which means multiply diagonally across.

the product of the means always equals the product of the?

extremes

proving that ratios are equal and that the proportion is true can be done through?

mathematically

the terms in the middle of the proportion are called the?

means (middle)

to find the product of the means and extremes you must?

multiply

the numbers or terms of the ratio are called the?

numerator and the denomintor

In order to check if a proportion is true

the product of the means (multiplications of both of the means) must equal the product of the extremes (multiplications of both of the extremes). If they do not equal each other then you know that there is a mistake with one of the values in the proportion.